The UK Challenge to Europeanization: The Persistence of British Euroscepticism PDF
Preview The UK Challenge to Europeanization: The Persistence of British Euroscepticism
The UK Challenge to Europeanization The UK Challenge to Europeanization The Persistence of British Euroscepticism Editedby Karine Tournier-Sol SeniorLecturerinBritishPolitics,UniversityofToulon,France Chris Gifford HeadofDepartment,DepartmentofBehaviouralandSocialSciences, UniversityofHuddersfield,UK Selection,introductionandeditorialmatter©KarineTournier-Soland ChrisGifford2015 Individualchapters©Respectiveauthors2015 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2015 978-1-137-48815-2 Allrightsreserved.Noreproduction,copyortransmissionofthis publicationmaybemadewithoutwrittenpermission. Noportionofthispublicationmaybereproduced,copiedortransmitted savewithwrittenpermissionorinaccordancewiththeprovisionsofthe Copyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988,orunderthetermsofanylicence permittinglimitedcopyingissuedbytheCopyrightLicensingAgency, SaffronHouse,6–10KirbyStreet,LondonEC1N8TS. Anypersonwhodoesanyunauthorizedactinrelationtothispublication maybeliabletocriminalprosecutionandcivilclaimsfordamages. Theauthorshaveassertedtheirrightstobeidentifiedastheauthorsofthiswork inaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct1988. Firstpublished2015by PALGRAVEMACMILLAN PalgraveMacmillanintheUKisanimprintofMacmillanPublishersLimited, registeredinEngland,companynumber785998,ofHoundmills,Basingstoke, HampshireRG216XS. PalgraveMacmillanintheUSisadivisionofStMartin’sPressLLC, 175FifthAvenue,NewYork,NY10010. PalgraveMacmillanistheglobalacademicimprintoftheabovecompanies andhascompaniesandrepresentativesthroughouttheworld. Palgrave®andMacmillan®areregisteredtrademarksintheUnitedStates, theUnitedKingdom,Europeandothercountries. ISBN 978-1-349-57850-4 ISBN 978-1-137-48816-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/9781137488169 Thisbookisprintedonpapersuitableforrecyclingandmadefromfully managedandsustainedforestsources.Logging,pulpingandmanufacturing processesareexpectedtoconformtotheenvironmentalregulationsofthe countryoforigin. AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData TheUKchallengetoEuropeanization:thepersistenceofBritish Euroscepticism/editedbyKarineTournier-Sol,ChrisGifford. pages cm Summary:“Britain’spartinthefutureofEuropeanintegrationremainsatthe forefrontofpoliticaldebate,withtheprospectofaEuropeanUnionexitreferendum arealpossibility.ForEUmembershiptobesocontentiousforalong-standing member-staterulesoutproblemsofadjustmentandaccommodation. EuroscepticismisnotmarginalortemporaryintheUK,itisapersistentand embeddedfacetofBritishpoliticalsociety.ThistimelybookconsiderstheUKas profoundlyEurosceptic,andanalysesitsdistinctiveEuroscepticismandresistance toEuropeanisationinmanyaspectsofitscultureandinitscoreinstitutions. Addressingarangeoftopicsfromthepresstodefence,itcutsacrosshistory, politics,culturalstudies,economicsandinternationalrelationsandoffers arich,originalandinterdisciplinarycontributiontotheemergingfield ofEuroscepticstudies”—Providedbypublisher. 1. EuropeanUnion—GreatBritain. 2. EuropeanEconomicCommunity— GreatBritain. 3. GreatBritain—Politicsandgovernment—1997– 4. GreatBritain—Foreignrelations—EuropeanUnioncountries. 5. European Unioncountries—Foreignrelations—GreatBritain. I. Tournier–Sol,Karine,1973– editorofcompilation. II. Gifford,Chris,1966–editorofcompilation. III. Title: UnitedKingdomchallengetoEuropeanization. HC240.25.G7U42015 337.1(cid:2)420941—dc23 2015018340 Contents ListofFiguresandTables vii Acknowledgements viii NotesonContributors ix Introduction:TheStructureofBritishEuroscepticism 1 ChrisGiffordandKarineTournier-Sol Part I NationandNationalIdentity 1 TheEssentialEnglishman:TheCulturalNatureand OriginsofBritishEuroscepticism 17 MennoSpiering 2 ‘BeyondAwkwardness:England,theEuropeanUnionand theEndofIntegration’ 33 BenWellings 3 BeyondtheEnglish?TheUK’sPluri-National Euroscepticism 51 AndrewMycockandChrisGifford 4 BritishEuroscepticismandtheGeopoliticsofa Post-ImperialBritain 73 CorneliusCrowley Part II PartyPoliticsandEuroscepticism 5 ReassessingBritishConservativeEuroscepticismasaCase ofParty(Mis)Management 99 AgnèsAlexandre-Collier 6 TheDilemmaofPro-EuropeanPartiesintheUK:TheCase ofLabourandtheLiberalDemocratsSince2010 117 PaulineSchnapper 7 TheUKIPChallenge 134 KarineTournier-Sol v vi Contents Part III EuroscepticCivilSociety 8 PerformingEuroscepticism:TheUKPressandCameron’s BloombergSpeech 151 OliverDaddow 9 Extra-ParliamentaryEuroscepticActorsintheUK 172 JohnFitzGibbon Part IV EuroscepticInterests? 10 BritishPoliticalDiscourseontheEUintheContextof theEurozoneCrisis 191 CatherineMacMillan 11 TheRoleofFinanceintheUK’sRelationshipwiththe EuropeanUnion 210 NicholasSowels 12 TheTransatlanticDimensionofBritishEuroscepticism 232 HajnalkaVincze Index 249 Figures and Tables Figures 1.1 ‘Doyoueverthinkofyourselfasnotonly(nationality), butalsoasEuropean?’ 21 9.1 %ofUKpublicidentifyingpartywithbestpolicieson theEuropeissue 179 9.2 %ofUKpublicidentifyingEuropeasanimportantissue facingthecountry 182 9.3 UKpublicopinion%agreeingthatUKmembershipof EUisa‘goodthing’and%disagreeingthatUK membershipoftheEUisa‘goodthing’ 184 Tables 11.1 Keyindicatorsofthecontributionoffinancialservices in2013 215 11.2 Financialmarketssharebycountry(%) 217 vii Acknowledgements This book arose from a conference on Britain and Europe held at the University of Toulon in April 2013. It was co-organized by the edi- tors, building on the Erasmus partnership between the Universities of ToulonandHuddersfield.Weweredelightedwiththeconference,which attractedpresentersfromacrossEurope,representingarangeofdifferent disciplinesanddiversetopics.Fromourformalandinformaldiscussions in Toulon, common themes and synergies between papers emerged. We followed up the conference with a successful workshop at the Uni- versityofHuddersfieldinSeptember2013,providinganopportunityto review written papers. We then looked to include authors who we felt couldcontributeareasthatwehadnotalreadycovered,suchasthepress andtheEurozonecrisis.Wehavebeenfortunatethereforetodrawupon a range of expertise, each contributor bringing a unique perspective to the subject matter. Throughout the process, we have been grateful to ourcontributorsfortheirsupportandcooperation,incontextsthatwe knowarecharacterizedbycompetingdemandsandpressures.Wewould also like to thank our respective institutions for the support they have providedwiththeprojectatkeypoints,andtoPalgraveMacmillanfor backingourproposal. viii Contributors AgnèsAlexandre-CollierisProfessorofBritishStudiesattheUniversity ofBurgundy,Dijon,France.Sheistheauthorofseveralbooksincluding Anatomie des droites européennes (with Xavier Jardin, 2004); Les habits neufsdeDavidCameron.Lesconservateursbritanniques,1990–2010(2010); Les partis politiques en Grande-Bretagne (with Emmanuelle Avril, 2013) and Leadership and Uncertainty Management in Politics. Leaders, Followers and Constraints in Western Democracies (edited with François Vergniolle deChantal,2015). Cornelius Crowley is Professor of British Studies in Nanterre Uni- versity (Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense) and Head of the CREA (EA 370), Centre for Anglophone Studies research group. His research work is focused on questions of politics and culture in Britain andIreland. Oliver Daddow is Senior Lecturer in International Relations at the UniversityofChichester.HisresearchinterestsareinBritishforeignpol- icy, interpretivist international relations and Euroscepticism. He is the author of New Labour and the European Union: Blair and Brown’s Logic of History (2011) and Britain and Europe Since 1945: Historiographical Per- spectives on Integration (2004) and edited Harold Wilson and European Integration:Britain’sSecondApplicationtoJointheEEC(2003).WithJamie Gaskarth,heco-editedBritishForeignPolicy:TheNewLabourYears(2011). With Mark Bevir and Ian hall, he co-edited Interpreting Global Security (2014). John FitzGibbon is Senior Lecturer in Politics at Canterbury Christ Church University. He holds a PhD in comparative European politics fromtheUniversityofSussex,withthesubjectofhisdissertationbeing ‘EuroscepticProtestMovements’.HehastaughtattheNationalUniver- sityofIreland,Maynooth,andtheUniversityofDundee.Hisarticleson thetopicsofEuroscepticism,populismandreferendumshaveappeared injournalssuchastheJournalofCommonMarketStudies,Perspectiveson European Politics and Society and Representation, in addition to numer- ous chapters in edited books. He is the co-editor (along with Nick ix
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