The Trogid Genus Xizangia ZHANG,1988,a junior Synonym of the Lucanid Genus Penichrolucanus DEYROLLE,,1863

5 Pages·1993·5 MB·English

by  Araya, K

Elytra, Tokyo,21(l):87-91,Mayl5, l993
TheTrogid GenusXizanglaZHANG,1988, aJuniorSynonym
of the LucanidGenusPenlchrolucanusDEYRoLLE,1863
Kunio ARAYA
DepartmentofZoology, KyotoUniversity,Sakyo,Kyoto,606-01Japan,
TeruoOCHI
5-21Kofudai,Toyono-cho,Toyono-gun,Osaka,563-1Japan
and
Yutaka JoHKI
ShowaWomen'sJuniorCollege,Setagaya,Tokyo,154Japan
Abstract The trogid genus Xizangia ZHANG,1988, isconsidered as a junior
synonymof thelucanidgenusPc'It('/1rolucanusDEYRoLLE,1863. Itstypespecies, X.
(ryptonychusZHANG,1988,isregardedasavalidspeciesof thegenusPenichlo/11canus
because thisspeciesis distinct from theother membersof Penlch1olu(・anus in several
externalcharacters.
ThetrogidgenusXizanglawasnewlyerectedbyZHANG(l988)on thebasisofthe
Tibetanspecies,X._(・rypto11).chusZHANG,whichwasalsonewlydescribedinthesame
paper. After aclosescrutiny of the original description and examination of the
illustrationofthegenusXlzanglaanditstypespecies,weconcludedthatthisgenuswas
consideredtobeajuniorsynonymofthelucanidgenusPenic・hro/ucanusDEYRoLLE, l863,
as mentioned below. Threespeciesof thegenus Penichrolucanuswereexamined for
comparison(seeS ecimens a,mnedforCom - ,lso,7fordetails).
AccordingtoZHANG(1988),thegenusXizanglaisassignedtothefamilyTrogidae
byhaving theabdomenwithfivevisiblesterna, antennawithtensegmentsandme-
sepisternum not connected with the mesocoxa. However, all ot these character
states are also shared by somemembers of the other lamellicorn families (Cerato-
canthidae, Passalidae and Lucanidae). Thus, thegenusXizanglacannot necessarily
beassignedtothefamilyTrogidaesolelyonthebasisofthesecharacterstates.
ZHANG(l988) mentioned that themost important diagnosticcharacter of the
genus Xizanglawas the “heteromerous tarsal fomula''. This character state means
thatthetarsi of middleandhindlegsarepartlyfused. However, this also has been
consideredasbeingdiagnosticofthelucanidgenusPenlc/1,-olu(・:anus(DEYRoLLE, 1863;
ARROW,1935,1938, 1950; RATcLIEFE,1984;BARToLozzI,1989). In addition, other
generic characters of thegenus Penlchrolucanuswerepresent in thedescription of
Xizanglaas follows:bodyoblong, flatandsmall insize;headlargeandbroad(fan-
88 KunioARAYA,TeruoOcHlandYutakaJoHKI
Shaped);clypeusandcanthuswelldeveloped;eyessurroundedwithsclerites(canthus)
anddividedintoupperandlowerportions;prothoraxbroadandflat;scutellumob-
vious;legsshortandstout;meso-andmetatibiaeeachwithtwominutelateralspines
on theedge; tarsi short and thick, interarticleunmovable. Besides, the illustration
accompanyingthedescription(ZHANG, l988,p 234, figs 2-5)clearlyshowsthat the
ClawsofXizangla(ryptonychusarehiddenbetweenthelateralplatesofthelast tarsal
Segments. Thisstatealso perfectlyagreeswith that of Penlc1/1-olu(、amls. Moreover,
the9enera1appearanceofX.cr),ptony(busintheillustration(ZHANG, l988,p 234,fig.
1)closelyresemblethoseofthemembersofthegenusPenlchro/u(・anus. Accordingly,
itisconcludedthatthegenusXi7anglaisajuniorsynonymofthegenusPeni(・:hlo/ucanus
ofthefamilyLucanidae,althoughtheformergenuswasoriginallyerectedasamember
of thefamilyTrogidae. ZHANG (1988) mentioned somesimilarities in the external
morphologybetweenthegenus 1za'7glaandtheNeotropica1trogidgenusCrJ,pfoge,71us
ESTWoOD,1846. However,accordingto theoriginaldescriptionofthegenusCr)p-
togenlus, thisgenusdoesnotsharetheabovementionedcharacterswithXizanglaex-
cept for thedepressedbodyshape.
Untilnow, fivespeciesof thegenusPent(・/11・clue・alulshavebeenknown;P. (opri-
cePhalusDEYRoLLE1863, fromtheMalayPeninsula, P e1ongatusARROW1935, also
fromtheMalayPeninsula,P nlcobarlc・usARROW, 1935, from the Nicobar and An-
daman Islands, P. sumatrensls ARROW, 1935, from Sumatra Island, and P. /evert
ARROW, 1938, from Guadalcanal Island of the Solomon Group. All the known
membersaresmall insize(lessthan10mminlength)withpeculiarcharacters,andthey
are considered termitophi1ous or myrmecophi1ous (RATcLIEFE, l984; BARToLozzI,
1989).
ZHANG's c・ryptonychus appears to be distinct from any other members of Pent-
ebro/u(amlsin the followingcharacters: numbersof tarsal segments in the middle
andhind legs(3-3);mandibleshiddenbythelarge fan-shapedheadindorsal view
(judgingfromtheillustrations,notmentionedintheoriginaldescription). Moreover,
thelocalityofthisspeciesisfardistantfromtherangeoftheother knownmembersof
thisgenus, four of whichhavebeen recorded from tropical Asia and one from the
Solomon Islandsin the western Pacifc. Thus, (・1・、pfc/1、(・:busshouldberegardedasa
validspeciesofthegenusPeni(:1/10/u(ants,tentatively.
Furtherdetailedre-examinationofthetypespecimensisrequired toelucidatethe
phylogenetic relationshipofthisspeciesto theother membersofPenichro/ucanus. It
is expected that other interestingmembers of thisaberrant lucanid genus may be
newlydiscovered fromblankareasbetweentheSundaIslandsandTibet ortheSunda
IslandsandSolomonIslandswherenospeciesofthisgenushavebeenrecorded.
Genus Penichrolucanus DEYRoLLE_1863
TypeSpecies: en/C'/7''0/MCamlS('0p''!cep/1a/tlsDEYROLLE,1863
Pemchr(/tlca11usDEYRoLLE,1863, Annis.Soc.ent. Fr. (4),3,p 485. PARRY, 1864,Trans ent
JuniorSynonymofPeni(・1/1olucanus 89
Fig. 1. Pc,lie/11・o/uea11tlscl・ypto,1y(、/1us (ZHANG),comb nov.; 1, habitus; 2, left protibiaand
protarsus,dorsalview;3,ditto,ventralview;4,leftmetatibiaandmetatarsus,dorsalview;
5, ditto,lateralview. (AfterZHANG,1988.)
Soc.Lend.,(3),2,pp 64,99. - VANRooN, l910,Coleopt.Cat., (8), p 51. - ARROW, l935.
Trans r ent.Soc. Lend.,83, p.122. - ARROW,1938, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (ll), 2, p 62.
- ARROW,1950, FaunaIndia, Lamell 4,p 233. - D[DIER&SEGUY, 1953, Encyc1 ent.,
(A),27, p.185. - BENEsH,1960,Coleopt.Cat.,(8),p 22. - HOLLOWAY, 1960,Roe. Dom.
Mus.,3, p 324. - VULcANo&PEREIRA,1961,Stud ent.,4(1-4),p 472. - BACCHUS,1978,
Bull. Br. Mus. (Nat. Hist),Ent.,37,p ie9 - RATcLIEFE,1984, Quaest ent.,20, p 62. -
KIKuTA, 1986, Pap ent. pres.NAKANE, p. 133. - 0cHI, 1987, Gekkan-Mushi,Tokyo, (197),
p. 14. - BARToLozzI, l989,Trop.Zoo1.,2,p 38.
Xiza,1gtaZHANG,1988,InsectsofMt.NamjagbarwaRegionofXizang,p 233; typespecies: Xizangia
cl'ypto/1ychusZHANG,1988. Sy/1. /1ov.
Pentchrolucantlscryptonychus(ZHANG,1988),comb nov.
Xizallgiacrypto,1yc1/usZHANc,1988, Insectsof Mt.Namjagbarwa Region of Xizang, p 234, figs.
l-5.
T、pe/oality. Medog(1,000-1,200minaltitude),Xizang(=Tibet), China.
1sf1・f加ffon. Xizang(=Tibet).
Notes. BARToLozz1(1989) divided themembersof the genus Penlc/1''olucamls
intothefollowingtwogroupsbasedonthedifferenceinnumberofantennalsegments;
“thee/o,1gatusgroup',withtenantennalsegments,consistingofP e/ongatusandP.
1everl;“thecopt-lc・epha/usgroup'',witheightsegments,consistingofP.copricep/alus,
p nl(・:obari(:us and P. sumat1・ensls. Accordingtohisgrouping,P. (:ryptony(htis,with
tenantennalsegments, isclassified into thee/ongatusgroup. Amongthem, P. (:'ryp-
ptonychus issimilar toP. leveriwhichisregardedbyRATcLIEFE(1984) asretaining
90 KunioARAYA.TeruoOcHIandYutakaJoHKI
themostancestralcharacterstateswithinthegenusPenic/7rolucanusinsomeexternal
characterssuchasred-browncolour,elongateandpuncturedelytra,andmeso- and
matatibiaewithsometeethon theoutermargin.
Inclosingthisbriefpaper,wewishtoexpressourheartythankstoDr.T.HIKIDA,
KyotoUniversity, for hiskindhelpintranslationoftheChineseoriginaldescription
ofthetaxoninquestionandforhiscriticalreadingofanearlyversionofthemanuscript.
Wealso thank Mr. L.JESSOP, Mr. M. D. KERLEYand Ms. S. L. SHUTE,BritishMu-
seum(Natural History), London, for givingustheopportunitytoexamine the type
specimensofP e1ongatusdepositedinthecollectionoftheMuseum,Mr.T.HATAYA-
MAforofferingthecomparativespecimenandMr.S.HosH1zAKI,TokyoUniversity,
for kindlyprovidingwiththenecessaryliterature.
SpecimensExaminedforComparison
Abbreviations used: BMNH, thecollectionofBritish Museum (Natural Histo-
ry),London;TOC, thepersonalcollectionofT. 0cHI.
P. copricepha/us: lex., Tempter Park, Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia,4-V-1987, N,
NISHIKAWAleg. (TOC).
P e1ongatus: 1 ,Malaysia,Selangor,GombakValley,KualaLumpur,H.M.
PENDLEBURYleg.(holotype,BMNH);1 , l9miles, CameronHighlands, MalayPen-
inSula, 18-V-1981,T. HATAYAMAleg.(TOC).
P. sumatrensis: 1ex.,nearBukittinggi,CentralSumatra,10-III-1991,E.MARist
leg.(TOC);1ex.,ditto,20-XII-1991,E.MARLsIleg. (TOC).
要 約
荒谷邦雄'越智輝雄・常111: -1: クワガタムシ科・ツメカクシクワガタ属 (Penlchrolucanus DEY-
ROLLE, 1863)の下位同物異名, コブスジコガネ科・チベットコブスジコガネ属(XizanglaZHANG,
1988). - 章有 によりコブスジコガネ科の新属として創設されたチベットコブスジコガネ属 (藏
皮金 属, Xizan9iaZHANG,1988) について, 原記載およびその挿図を詳細に検-、1した結果, 以下
のような点が明らかになった. まず, 本属がコブスジコガネ科に所属する根拠とされている順板が見
かけ上5節, 触角は10節からなり片状節は3節, 中胸前側板が中肢基節に接触しないという特徴は,
いずれもコガネムシ上科に属するほかの科 (マンマルコガネ科, クロツヤムシ科, クヮガタムシ科)
にも見られ, かならずしも本属の所属の決め手とはならない. さらに, 付節式が異節, 体と脚部が非
, 常に偏平, l 﨎部ﾟが融合した付節が爪を覆い隠すように張り出す 発 達した限縁突起と頭盾によって
頭部が扇形に見えるなどの特異な外部形態は, いずれもクワガタムシ科のツメカクシクワガタ属
(PenlCh「01uCanuSDEYROLLE, 1863) の特徴そのものである. これらの結果から, チベットコブスジ
コガネ属はッメカクシクワガタ属の下位同物異名であると結論した. 前者の基準種であるッメカクシ
チベットコブスジコガネ (隠爪藏皮金 , X. cryptonychusZHANG,1988)については, 中肢および
後肢の付節数がともに3節, 頭盾に隠れて背面からは大百v,が見えないと挿図から判断されることなど
JuniorSynonymofPemc11,・o1llca,1us 91
の特徴と, 既知種との地理的な 離を考l,31:し, ツメカクシクワガタ1,f」の有効な極であると認め分類一
的変更を行った.
References
ARROW, G.J., 1935. A contribution to the classification of the coleopterous family Lucanidae.
Tla,Is r ent. Soc. Lo,ld.,83:105-125.
一 1938. Somenotesonstag-beetles(Lucanidae)anddescriptionsofafewnewspecies. Ann.
Mag.Nat. Hist.,(11),2:49-63.
1950. Coleoptera, Lame11icornia. IV. Lucanidaeand Passalidae. Jn: TileFatMaof British
. -
IndiaInc・1uding pakista1t,Ceylon,BurnlaaidMalaya. XI-1-274pp., 23pls. Taylor&Francis,
London.
BACCHUS,M.E., 1978. AcatalogueofthetypespecimensoftheScarabaeinae(Scarabaeidae)and
thesmaI、er lamelIicornfamilies(Coleoptera)describedby G.J. ARROW. Bull. Br. Mtls. (N◆at.
Hist),(Ent),37:97-115.
BARToLozzI, L.,1989. Taxonomicrevueof thegenusPenlc1/!'olucanusDEYROLLE1863(COIeOPte「a,
Lucanidae)withnotesonitsbiology. Trop.Zoo1.,2:37-44.
BENEsH, B., 1960. Lucanidae. In JUNK, W., &S. SCHENKLING (edS), ColeOPte「o「urn Catalo9uS
Supple,nenta,(EditioSecunda),(8),178pp.
DEYRoLLE,R.,1863. NouveaugenredeLucanide. Annis.Soc・.e'It.Fti'.,(4),3:485-487.
DIDIER,R.,&E.SEGUY,1953. CatalogueillustredesLucanidesdug1obe. E'!eyot e'nt.,27: 1-223・
PaulLecahevalier,Paris.
HOLLOWAY, B.A.,1960, Taxonomy and phylogeny in theLucanidae (Insecta, Coleoptera). Roe.
Dom. Mus.,3:321-365.
KIKuTA,T.,1986. Onthehighertaxaof thestagbeetlefamilyLucanidae. Pap.Ent.pres. Nakane,
Tokyo,131-138.
OcHI, T., lg87. On the genus pc,11(・/11clue・aMl,(Coleoptera, Lucanidae). Gekkan-Mus7/1, Tokyo
(197):14-15. (InJapanese)
PARR・v,F.J.S.,1864. AcatalogueoflucanidColeoptera,withillustrationsanddescriptionsofvar-
iousnewandinterestingspecies. Trans ent.Soc.Lend.,(3),2:1-113.
RATcLIEFFE,B.C., 1984. Areviewof thePenichrolucaninaewithanalysesof phylogenyand bio-
geography,anddescriptionofaNewWorldspeciesfromAmazonBasin(Coleoptera,Lucanidae).
Quaest ent.,20:60-87.
R00N,G.,VAN, 1910. Lucanidae. 1'!JUNK,W.,&S.SCHENKLING(edS),ColeOPte「o「urnCatalo9uS,
(8),70pp.
vuLcARo,M.A., &F.s.pEREIRA,1961. AsubfamiliaPenichrolucaninae(Col.Lucanidae)represen-
tadaem America. Stud ent.,4:471-480.
WESTWOOD,J. 0.,1846. Onthelamellicornianbeetleswhichpossessexsertedmandiblesandlabrum,
and10-jointedantennae. Trans ent.Soc. Lend.,4:155-180.
ZHANG, Y.-W., 1988. Coleoptera, Trogidae. 1'1HUANC, F.-S., P.-Y. WANG, W.-Y. YIN, T.-S.
LEE,C_K.YANG&X.-J.WANG(eds),1,1sectsofMt.Na'njag1)arwaRlegio/1ofXZiang,233-237.
SciencePress,Beijing. (InChinese,withEnglishsummary)