The Treasure Fleet PDF
Preview The Treasure Fleet
RReeaaddeerr TTTT hhhh eeee GGeennrree BBuuiilldd BBaacckkggrroouunndd AAcccceessss CCoonntteenntt EExxtteenndd LLaanngguuaaggee NNoonnfifi ccttiioonn •• OOcceeaann VVooyyaaggeess •• MMaappss •• N Noouunnss ffoorr •• LLiiffee aatt SSeeaa •• CCaappttiioonnss SShhiippss aanndd BBooaattss •• C Chhiinnaa iinn tthhee •• DDeefifi nniittiioonnss 11440000ss bbyy NNaattaalliiee CCrroossss SSccootttt FFoorreessmmaann RReeaaddiinngg SSttrreeeett 44..55..11 ìì<<((sskk$$mm))==bbeeccaahhbb<< ++^^--ÄÄ--UU--ÄÄ--UU IISSBBNN 00--332288--1144220077--77 11114444222200007777____CCCCVVVVRRRR....iiiinnnndddddddd CCCCoooovvvveeeerrrr1111 3333////7777////00005555 11111111::::55557777::::44442222 AAAAMMMM Talk About It 1. How did the Chinese sailors make sure that they had healthy food during their Treasure Fleet trips? TT hh ee 2. What do you think the author wants us to remember about the Treasure Fleet? Write About It 3. Imagine that you were a sailor in the Treasure Fleet. On a separate sheet of paper, write a diary entry about a day aboard one of the ships. Extend Language There are many kinds of ships and boats, both large and small. You have read about Treasure Fleet ships from China and caravels from Portugal. You may have seen a rowboat or a submarine. Can you name other kinds of ships or boats? Photographs Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions. Cover ©Jonathan Potter; 1 ©The British Museum/DK Images; 2 ©ChinaStock; 3 ©Planet Art; 5 ©Digital Wisdom, Inc.; 6 (BL) ©Philadelphia Museum of Art/Corbis, (BR) ©The British Museum/DK Images; 7 ©Yu Zheng/ChinaStock; 8 ©Jonathan Potter. by Natalie Cross ISBN: 0-328-14207-7 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to: Permissions Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025. Editorial Offices: Glenview, Illinois (cid:127) Parsippany, New Jersey (cid:127) New York, New York 1 2 3 S4a 5le 6s 7O f8f i9c e1s0: NVe0eGd1h a1m4, 1M3 a1s2s a1c1h u10se 0tt9s 0(cid:127)8 D 0u7l u0t6h 0, 5Georgia (cid:127) Glenview, Illinois Coppell, Texas (cid:127) Sacramento, California (cid:127) Mesa, Arizona 1144220077__CCVVRR..iinndddd CCoovveerr22 1144220077__0011--0088..iinndddd 11 3333////7777////00005555 11111122::::55007700::::55002255 AAPPMMMM In the 1400s, many of the best sailors in Europe were from Portugal. Their sailing ships, called caravels, were light and fast. These caravels survived the fiercest storms. In Asia, China many of the best sailors were from China. Their ships and navigation were excellent. In the early 1400s, the Ming Empire in China wanted to trade more with other countries. Pacific Ocean China had silk cloth and beautiful blue and white pottery to sell. The emperor Zhu Di decided to build great ships to travel around the Indian Ocean. He wanted to trade, but he also wanted to show the world how powerful China was. China as a mapmaker pictured it in the 1400s, when the Treasure Fleet sailed The emperor chose his advisor Zheng He for The Chinese this important job. Zheng He watched over the wanted to trade their beautiful construction of the powerful ships. Then he took silk cloth for command of the newly formed Treasure Fleet. goods from other The plan was to send these ships to all of the countries. major ports in the Indian Ocean. The Chinese would trade their goods, which were very popular. They would also make special visits to each country’s king or emperor. They wanted to make sure every ruler saw their powerful ships. They wanted everyone to know it would be a bad idea to attack China. trade: buy and sell things goods: things for sale fleet: a group of ships that sail together 2 3 1144220077__0011--0088..iinndddd 22 33//77//0055 1122::0000::1144 PPMM 1144220077__0011--0088..iinndddd 33 33//77//0055 1122::0000::2211 PPMM The Treasure Fleet visited most of the major ports of the Indian Ocean on its first Beijing journey in 1405. Persia Hormuz India Life at sea was hard in Aden Arabia Calicut the 1400s, but the Chinese prepared well. Several ships in the fleet were used to store grain, mostly Somalia rice. Every ship had large Malacca Indian Ocean water cisterns. The sailors were careful not to waste water. If they ran out of water, they also knew how to get fresh drinking water from salty seawater. The Chinese sailors ate dried, salted fish for The first great Treasure Fleet voyage began protein, which people need. They drank green in 1405. The fleet sailed south from Beijing with tea and had fruit for dessert. Fruit was important more than 300 ships. Almost 28,000 men were because it had Vitamin C, which helped to on board. One of their first stops was the trading prevent scurvy, a disease that killed sailors all port of Malacca, which is close to the modern city over the world. of Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia. The sailors sprouted soy beans to make soy From there the Treasure Fleet headed west, milk and a kind of food called tofu. They brought visiting many of the major ports of the Indian large tubs of soil onto the ships and grew fresh Ocean, including Calicut in India. They also cabbages, turnips, and bamboo shoots. visited Hormuz near Persia and Aden in Arabia. Continuing west, they reached the coast of Africa and visited the country that is now called Somalia. cisterns: tanks for storing liquids 4 5 1144220077__0011--0088..iinndddd 44 33//77//0055 1122::0000::2233 PPMM 1144220077__0011--0088..iinndddd 55 33//77//0055 1122::0000::2266 PPMM This first journey took two years and was very successful. The Chinese traded their cargo of silk and their beautiful white and blue porcelain dishes and vases. They returned with spices and exotic animals. The emperor Zhu Di was especially delighted to see his first giraffe, an animal unlike any he had ever seen before. The Treasure Fleet sailed six more times over the next thirty years. In Africa, the sailors traded their goods for ivory, pearls, gem stones, and rare woods and incense. Everywhere they went, the fleet caused great excitement. A Chinese artist drew this picture of the giraffe After his death, Zheng He brought Zheng He was back from Africa and honored for his presented to emperor brave voyages. Zhu Di. The Treasure Fleet made its last voyage in 1433. Zheng He and the fleet had spread China’s fame around the world and brought glory to his country. Plays and novels were written about him. Handsome statues were carved and placed in parks for all people to admire. But soon the times would change. A new Ming emperor took power. The emperor was worried People in many ports about enemies that could attack China over land, loved China’s blue and not from the sea. white porcelain vases. 6 7 1144220077__0011--0088..iinndddd 66 33//77//0055 1122::0000::2277 PPMM 1144220077__0011--0088..iinndddd 77 33//77//0055 1122::0000::3388 PPMM Talk About It 1. How did the Chinese sailors make sure that they had healthy food during their Treasure Fleet trips? 2. What do you think the author wants us to remember about the Treasure Fleet? Write About It 3. Imagine that you were a sailor in the Treasure Fleet. On a separate sheet of paper, write a diary entry about a day aboard one of the ships. Extend Language There are many kinds of ships and boats, both large and small. You have read about Treasure Fleet ships from China and caravels from Portugal. You may have seen a rowboat or a submarine. Can you name other kinds of ships or boats? One of the Treasure Fleet ships The new emperor refused to continue exploring the world. He wanted money to build Photographs up the army, not the navy. Soon, the great ships Every effort has been made to secure permission and provide appropriate credit for photographic material. The publisher deeply regrets any omission and pledges to correct errors called to its attention in subsequent editions. of the Treasure Fleet were not used. Cover ©Jonathan Potter; 1 ©The British Museum/DK Images; 2 ©ChinaStock; He also had his people destroy as many of the 3 ©Planet Art; 5 ©Digital Wisdom, Inc.; 6 (BL) ©Philadelphia Museum of Art/Corbis, (BR) ©The British Museum/DK Images; 7 ©Yu Zheng/ChinaStock; 8 ©Jonathan Potter. ship notes and maps as they could find. China’s ISBN: 0-328-14207-7 age of exploration was over. By the 1500s the Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. countries of Europe—not the Chinese—sent All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United States of America. their ships across the globe to rule the seas and conquer distant lands. This publication is protected by Copyright, and permission should be obtained from the publisher prior to any prohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. For information regarding permission(s), write to: Permissions army: military forces on land Department, Scott Foresman, 1900 East Lake Avenue, Glenview, Illinois 60025. navy: military forces on ship at sea 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 V0G1 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 06 05 8 11114444222200007777____00CC11VV--RR0088..ii..nniinndddddddd CC 88oovveerr22 33//77//0055 1122::0000::4466 PPMM 33//77//0055 1111::5577::5522 AAMM
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