Harvard Semitic Monographs Volume 3 Editorial Committee Frank Moore Cross William L. Moran Isadore Twersky G. Ernest Wright The Theodotionic Revision of the Book of Exodus A Contribution to the Study of the Early History of the Transmission of the Old Testament in Greek Kevin G. O'Connell, S.J. Harvard University Press Cambridge, Massachusetts 1972 © Copyright 1972 by the President and Fellows of Harvard College All rights reserved Library of Congress card number 76-160026 SBN 674-87785-3 To my Father and Mother PREFACE The following study was prepared as a doctoral dissertation at Har- vard University in 1965-67 under the direction of Professor Frank M. Cross, Jr. Prior to publication, the author has had the benefit of critical sug- gestions from Professor John Strugnell of Harvard and Msgr. Patrick W. Skehan of Catholic University. While their comments have always been taken into account, they are in no way responsible for the final expres- sions of opinion on specific points. This book is not meant to provide the last word on the Palestinian revisions of the Septuagint in the first centuries B.C. and A.D. Rather it attempts, by rigorous investigation and careful attention to methodology, to provide a firm basis of information and evaluation from which further investigation can safely advance. At this time I need only express my thanks to all who have helped make this book a reality: the Danforth Foundation, which supported my re- search and writing of the original dissertation through a Kent Fellowship; Miss Carol Cross, who has twice carefully typed the entire manuscript; Mr. Charles Przybylek and Mr. James D. Redington, S.J., who spent many weary hours helping me proofread the original manuscript; and especially my Jesuit brethren and my students, who found so many ways to help me stay human in the face of so much detailed and often random data. Kevin G. O'Connell, S.J. Cambridge, Massachusetts August 1970 CONTENTS Introduction 1 I Eight Selected Passages from the Theodotionic Version 9 II A Special Case--MT Exodus 28:22-30 (LXX w.22-26) 56 III The Relationship Between the Theodotionic Material and the Present MT in Exodus 110 IV The Relationship Between the Theodotionic Material and the OG in Exodus 164 V Aquila's Agreement with Theodotion in Exodus 201 VI Aquila's Dependence on Theodotion in Exodus 252 VII The Relationship Between Theodotion in Exodus and the KAITE Recension Elsewhere 274 VIII Additional Suggested Characteristics of the Theodo- tionic Revision in Exodus 286 Conclusion 292 Appendices A A Classified List of Theodotionic Readings in Exodus 295 B An Index to Hebrew Words in Exodus Whose Theo- dotionic Equivalents are Preserved 305 Bibliography 327