The Syntax of Nonsententials: Multidisciplinary Perspectives (Linguistik Aktuell Linguistics Today, LA 93)

385 Pages·2006·3.13 MB·English

by  Ljiljana Progovac

<DOCINFOAUTHOR""TITLE"TheSyntaxofNonsententials:Multidisciplinaryperspectives"SUBJECT"LinguistikAktuell/LinguisticsToday,Volume93"KEYWORDS""SIZEHEIGHT"240"WIDTH"160"VOFFSET"4">
TheSyntaxofNonsententials
LinguistikAktuell/LinguisticsToday
LinguistikAktuell/LinguisticsToday(LA)providesaplatformfororiginalmonographstudies
intosynchronicanddiachroniclinguistics.StudiesinLAconfrontempiricalandtheoretical
problemsasthesearecurrentlydiscussedinsyntax,semantics,morphology,phonology,and
systematicpragmaticswiththeaimtoestablishrobustempiricalgeneralizationswithina
universalisticperspective.
SeriesEditors
WernerAbraham EllyvanGelderen
UniversityofVienna ArizonaStateUniversity
AdvisoryEditorialBoard
CedricBoeckx IanRoberts
HarvardUniversity CambridgeUniversity
GuglielmoCinque KenSafir
UniversityofVenice RutgersUniversity,NewBrunswickNJ
GüntherGrewendorf LisadeMenaTravis
J.W.Goethe-University,Frankfurt McGillUniversity
LilianeHaegeman StenVikner
UniversityofLille,France UniversityofAarhus
HubertHaider C.Jan-WouterZwart
UniversityofSalzburg UniversityofGroningen
ChristerPlatzack
UniversityofLund
Volume93
TheSyntaxofNonsententials:Multidisciplinaryperspectives
EditedbyLjiljanaProgovac,KatePaesani,EugeniaCasielles
andEllenBarton
The Syntax of Nonsententials
Multidisciplinary perspectives
Editedby
Ljiljana Progovac
Kate Paesani
Eugenia Casielles
Ellen Barton
WayneStateUniversity
JohnBenjaminsPublishingCompany
Amsterdam(cid:2)/(cid:2)Philadelphia
TM Thepaperusedinthispublicationmeetstheminimumrequirements
8
ofAmericanNationalStandardforInformationSciences–Permanence
ofPaperforPrintedLibraryMaterials,ansiz39.48-1984.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Thesyntaxofnonsententials:multidisciplinaryperspectives/editedbyLjiljana
Progovac,...[etal.].
p. cm.(LinguistikAktuell/LinguisticsToday,issn0166–0829;v.93)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
1.Grammar,Comparativeandgeneral--Syntax. 2.Language
acquisition. 3.Pidginlanguages. 4.Creoledialects. I.Progovac,Ljiljana.
P291.S9577 2006
417´.22--dc22 2006042931
isbn9027233578(Hb;alk.paper)
©2006–JohnBenjaminsB.V.
Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyform,byprint,photoprint,microfilm,or
anyothermeans,withoutwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher.
JohnBenjaminsPublishingCo.·P.O.Box36224·1020meAmsterdam·TheNetherlands
JohnBenjaminsNorthAmerica·P.O.Box27519·Philadelphiapa19118-0519·usa
JB[v.20020404] Prn:16/08/2006;12:42 F:LA93CO.tex / p.1(48-105)
Table of contents
Preface ix
Introduction 1
LjiljanaProgovac,KatePaesani,EugeniaCasielles,andEllenBarton
1. Background:Defininganddescribingnonsententials 1
2. Goalsofthecurrentvolume 4
3. Volumeoverview 6
chapter1
Towardanonsententialanalysisingenerativegrammar 11
EllenBarton
1. Introduction 11
2. Earlyargumentsforanellipsisanalysis 12
3. Earlyargumentsforanonsententialanalysis 17
4. Mixedanalyses 21
5. Dataandsentential/nonsententialanalysesinMinimalism 25
6. Conclusion 27
chapter2
Thesyntaxofnonsententials:Smallclausesandphrasesattheroot 33
LjiljanaProgovac
1. Introduction 33
2. Outlineoftheproposedanalysis 37
3. SentenceandTense 42
4. NounPhrase,Determiners,andCase 45
5. Smallclausesincurrentsyntactictheory 52
6. Tense,Time,assertion,andtheroleofcontext 54
7. Conclusion 61
chapter3
“Smallstructures”:Asententialistperspective 73
JasonMerchant
1. Introduction 73
2. Fragmentanswers 74
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 Tableofcontents
3. Discourse-initial(?)fragments 83
4. Conclusion 89
chapter4
Neitherfragmentsnorellipsis 93
RobertJ.Stainton
1. Introduction 93
2. Merchant’sproposalanditsadvantages 95
3. Empiricalobjections 103
4. Amethodologicalobjection:“Fragments”andsimplicity 113
5. Concludingremarks 114
chapter5
Bigquestions,smallanswers 117
EugeniaCasielles
1. Introduction 117
2. Theellipticalview 119
3. Thenonellipticalview 122
4. Thesluicingview 125
5. Towardaphrasalanalysisofsmallanswers 130
6. Conclusionsandfurtherissues 134
chapter6
Extendingthenonsententialanalysis:Thecaseofspecialregisters 147
KatePaesani
1. Introduction 147
2. Anoverviewofspecialregisters 149
3. The(non)sententialnatureofspecialregisters 157
4. Thesyntaxofnonsententialsinspecialregisters 159
5. Expressingtimeinspecialregisters 167
6. Conclusion 172
chapter7
Thenarrowingacquisitionpath:Fromexpressivesmallclausestodeclaratives 183
ChristopherPottsandTomRoeper
1. Expressivesmallclauses 183
2. SmallclausesinadultEnglish 185
3. SmallclausesinchildEnglish 186
4. Anoteonexpressivecontent 187
5. Whenspeakingexpressively,we’reallchildren 188
6. Self-directeddisapprobationcross-linguistically 189
7. Theacquisitionofexpressivesmallclauses 193
8. Analysisofself-disapprobationsmallclauses 194
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Tableofcontents 
9. Analysisofincredulitysmallclauses 198
10. Summaryandconclusions 199
chapter8
Nonsententialsandsecondlanguageacquisition 203
NicolaWork
1. Introduction 203
2. Background 204
3. EarlyL2acquisitiondata:TheBasicVariety 206
4. Learnerlanguageandnativeadultnonsententials 211
5. NonsententialgrammarandtheoriesofL2acquisition 219
6. Teachertalk 221
7. Conclusion 223
chapter9
Howlanguageadaptstothebrain:Ananalysisofagrammaticaphasia 229
HermanKolk
1. Overview 229
2. Variabilityofsymptoms 230
3. Theoriesofagrammatismasavariablephenomenon 232
4. Evidenceforthetemporal-windowhypothesis 234
5. Adaptation 237
6. Conclusion 251
chapter10
Nonsententialsandagrammatism 259
PatriciaSiple
1. Introduction 259
2. Syntacticdeficitsassociatedwithagrammaticproduction 260
3. Theoreticalaccountsofagrammaticproduction 263
4. ExtendingKolk:Syntacticstructureandadaptationtheory 268
5. Conclusion 277
chapter11
Reducedsyntaxin(prototypical)pidgins 283
DonaldWinford
1. Introduction 283
2. Structuralcharacteristicsofpidgins 286
3. Processesofpidginization 288
4. Pidginsandsecondlanguageacquisition 292
5. StagesofdevelopmentinpidginizationandearlyIL 295
6. Conclusion 304
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 Tableofcontents
chapter12
CopulavariationinGuyaneseCreoleandAAVE:Implications
fornonsententialgrammar 309
WalterEdwards
1. Introduction 309
2. ThecopulainRuralGuyaneseCreole 309
3. UrbanGuyaneseCreoleandthepresent-tensecopula 311
4. CopulavariationinUrbanGuyaneseCreole 311
5. GuyaneseCreoleandthenonsententialanalysis 314
6. CopulavariationinAAVE 315
7. AAVE,GuyaneseCreole,andthenonsententialanalysis 318
8. Discussion 319
Epilogue:Wherefromandwhereto? 323
LjiljanaProgovac,KatePaesani,EugeniaCasielles,andEllenBarton
1. Nonsententials,individualvariation,andmultiplegrammars 323
2. Whynonsententials:Ahistoricalperspective 328
3. Ellipticalversusnonsententialapproaches 333
4. Someremainingissuesandfutureprospects 343
Indexoflanguages 355
Indexofnames 357
Indexofsubjects 361
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Preface
TheEditorsofthisvolumewouldliketoexpresstheirgratitudetoeveryoneinvolved
inthisproject.Ithasbeenamostrewardingintellectualjourney.
This volume is the culmination of 4 years of collaborative effort on the part of
the Working Group on Nonsententials, funded by the Wayne State University Hu-
manities Center. We would especially like to thank Walter Edwards, Director of the
Humanities Center, for this generous support. We are also grateful to several pro-
grams and departments at Wayne State University for additional support, including
theLinguisticsProgram,theDepartmentofRomanceLanguagesandLiteratures,and
theDepartmentofEnglish.
TheWorkingGrouponNonsententialsbroughttogetheranumberofWayneState
Universityfacultyandgraduatestudents,listedhereinalphabeticalorder:EllenBar-
ton,EugeniaCasielles,WalterEdwards,KatePaesani,LjiljanaProgovac,PatriciaSiple,
andNicolaWork.TheWorkingGroupheldtwoworkshopsin2003(SmallStructures:
SententialandNonsententialAnalyses)and2004(SmallUtterances:ViewsonSyntax,
Acquisition, Aphasia, and Pidgins), which featured presentations from members of
thegroupaswellasinvitedspeakers.Wewouldliketothankthefollowingcolleagues
fortheir contributionstothe workshops: Herman Kolk,UniversityofNijmegen; Ja-
son Merchant, University of Chicago; Thomas Roeper, University of Massachusetts;
RobertStainton,UniversityofWesternOntario;andDonaldWinford,TheOhioState
University.
This volume benefited from an extensive review process. Michel DeGraff re-
viewed the entire volume, and his suggestions were invaluable in sharpening the
analyses presented here. We thank him here for what was a monumental effort. We
alsothankadditionalreviewers,includingAlanBeretta,RitaBerndt,AnthonyGrant,
LisaGreen,LilianeHaegeman,BarbaraPartee,JuliaHerschensohn,CarolineHeycock,
RuthKempson,EricPotsdam,andTimStowell.
TheSeriesEditorsofLinguistics Today,EllyvanGelderenandWernerAbraham,
aswellasKeesVaesatJohnBenjamins weremosthelpfulinbringingthisvolumeto
press.ThanksalsogotoRachelAndersonforherworkoncopyeditingandformatting.
Finally,wewouldliketothankalloftheauthorsinthevolumeforworkingwith
usinthisexplorationofthesyntaxofnonsententials.