THE SWORD SAINT MICHAEL - Traditio

295 Pages·1610·6.82 MB·English

THE SWORD
OF
SAINT MICHAEL
SAINT PIUS V
1504-1572
LILLIAN BROWNE-OLF
T raditio S p iritu als
Sacri Ordinis Praedicatorm
www.traditio-op.org
THE BRUCE PUBLISHING COMPANY
MILWAUKEE
ST. PIUS V
Copyright, 1943
The Bruce Publishing Company
Printed in the U. S. A.
(Second Printing— 1945)
This book is complete and unabridged and is reprinted in full
accord with the rules and regulations of the War Production
Board for the conservation of paper and other materials.
THE S C I E N C E mAND C U L T U R E SERIES
REV. JOSEPH HUSSLEIN, S.J., EDITOR
THE SWORD OF SAINT MICHAEL
TO THE SONS AND DAUGHTERS
OF ST. DOMINIC
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
To Sister Reparata, O.P., able librarian of Rosary Col­
lege, River Forest, Illinois, I wish to express my heartfelt
gratitude for assisting in my research; to Father Joseph
Schroeder, O.P., librarian of the Dominican House of
Studies at River Forest, lately deceased, whose carefully
annotated references are preserved as treasured mementoes
of a fine scholar and a whimsical personality; to my dear
friend Grace Welsh who first introduced me to the gracious
Dominican Sisters at Rosary College, River Forest, and
at Edgewood College of the Sacred Heart in Madison,
Wisconsin, whose acquaintance is such an inspiration;
and finally, to the husband and son without whose patient
cooperation this book would never have seen the light
— to all these, my humble thanks!
L. B-O.

CONTENTS
Preface by the G eneral Editor . . . . i
Introduction . . . . . . . . 5
1. T he Election . . . . . . . 13
Candidates for the Papacy; The Conclave; Bor-
romeo’s Influence; Cardinal Alessandrino’s Election
2. M ichele G h islier i..............................................................19
His Antecedents and Humble Home; Early Domin­
ican Influence; Sword of Saint Michael: Dominican
Inquisitor; Consistent Character As Dominican,
Cardinal, Pontiff
3. T he R uler of Christendom . . . . 44
The Pope Continues His Monastic Habits; The
Reforms of Pius V; His Threefold Program;
Estimates of the New Pontiff; Salutary Results of
Papal Reforms
4. Luther and H is W o r k s .................................................55
Personality of Luther —His Doctrine of “justifica­
tion”; The Münster Madness; The Peasants’ Re­
volt; Religious Wars in Germany; The Peace of
Augsburg; Commendone: The Ideal Papal Legate;
The Diet of Augsburg Reconvened; The Jesuits
Come to Commendone’s Assistance; Maximilian’s
Army Against the Turks; Suleyman’s Death; Biglia
As Papal Nuncio; Commendone Is Recalled to
Vienna; Papal Concessions to Germany; Catholic
Restoration in Germany; Canisius’ Labors and His
Devotion to Catholic Unity
5. Caesar’s Conflicts W ith Christ’s Vicar . 93
The Spanish King, Philip II; Strained Relations
Between Pius V and Philip II; The Carranza Affair;
The Papal Bull: In Coena Domini; The Monarchia
Sicula; Character of Philip II: His Dynastic Ambi-
vii
Vili CONTENTS
tions; Papal Concessions to Spain; Papal Problems
Regarding Borromeo’s Reforms in Milan; Bor­
romeo Is Attacked by the Umiliati; Zuniga Succeeds
de Requesens As Philip’s Ambassador in Rome;
Arrest and Death of Don Carlos; Pius Continues
to Urge Catholic Unity; Further Concessions to the
Spanish King
6. Rebellion in the Lowlands . . . .
Seeds of Dissension Planted at Louvain: Baianism;
Pius’ Cross: The Gueux; Pius’ Pleadings With
Philip II; Alba Is Sent to Quell the Revolt; Wil­
liam of Orange’s Allies: Lutherans, Huguenots,
Calvinists; Alba’s Victory Over William of Orange
and Louis of Nassau; The Bishops’ Plea for Leni­
ency; The Papal Dilemma
7. Pius V Wrestles With Recalcitrant France
The Huguenot Intrigue; The Tumult of Amboise;
The Edict of Toleration; The Huguenot Move­
ment Is Political; The Pope Sends Della Torre to
the French Court; Pius’ Letters to Catherine,
Charles, and the Bishops; The Huguenots Turn to
England and the Prince of Orange; The Peace of
Longjumeau; Catherine and Charles Shift Their Al­
legiance; The Religious War Is Renewed With
Fury; The Victory of Jarnac; Pius Urges Charles
Not to Lose the Fruits of Victory; The “Shameful”
Peace of St. Germain; Dynastic Ambitions Con­
tinue to Guide French Royal Policy; The Catholics
of France Are Aroused; The Mighty Labor of
French Jesuits; The Catholic Revival in France
8. Pius V Examines A postate England and
Calvinist Sc o t l a n d ..................................................
Brief Review of Catholic England; Results of
Henry VIII’s Divorce From Katherine; Edward’s
Brief Reign Under Lord Seymour’s Regency; Mary
Tudor’s Succession; The Restoration of Catholic
Worship; Results of Mary’s Marriage to Philip II;
Mary’s Death and Elizabeth’s Accession; Elizabeth
Shows Her True Colors to the Pope; The Thistle
of Scotland: Mary Stuart; Her Defiance of the
“Treaty of Edinburgh”; Mary Stuart and Tudor
CONTENTS IX
Elizabeth; Mary’s Checkered Career; Pius V Ap­
peals to the Scottish Queen; Mary’s Catholic
Loyalty Under Persecution; Elizabeth’s Treachery
and Mary’s Ruin; Catholic Persecution; Papal Con­
fidence in Mary Restored; The Northern Uprising;
Pius V Excommunicates the Queen of England;
Effects of His Bull: Regnans in Excelsis
9. Pius V’s Policies in Poland . . . -215
Condition of Poland in the Sixteenth Century; The
Diet of Lubin; Labors of the Dominicans and
Jesuits in Poland; Cardinal Hosius’s Untiring
Catholic Efforts; Commendone Is Sent to Poland
by Pius V; The Queen’s Death Settles the King's
Divorce; Poland’s Refusal to Join the League
Against the Turks; The Death of Sigismund
Augustus
10. Pius V’s Missionary Labors . . . .226
Pius V’s Practical Grasp of the Missionary Field;
The Jesuits Are Sent to South America; Azavedo’s
Report to Francis Borgia Concerning Brazil; Pius
V Anticipates Pius XI; Cooperation of Sebastian
and of Philip in the New World; Pius V’s Careful
Instructions to the Missioners; His Exhortation to
the Spanish and Portuguese Rulers; Jesuit Achieve­
ments in the New World; Pius V Institutes the First
Propagation of the Faith
11. Pius V As Crusader A gainst the Infidels . 240
The Moors in Spain; Christian Slaves; The Island
of Malta: Outpost of Catholic Europe; Philip II
Grooms Don Juan for the Christian Crusade; The
Papal Task in Urging the Rulers to Join the
League; The Turks Raze Chios and Murder Its In­
habitants; Suleyman’s Death and the Accession of
Selim II; Pius Answers Venice’s Appeal for Help;
The Pope Sends de Torres to Madrid; The Ter­
rible Fate of Cyprus and Its Cities; The Cause of
the Failure of the Initial Crusade; The Valiant
Pope Fights On!
12. Victory and De a t h ................................................261
The Battle of Lepanto; Preparation for the Battle;
Pius Sends Granvelle to Present the Papal Banner;