The Suquía River Basin (Córdoba, Argentina)

213 Pages·2018·8.39 MB·English

by  Daniel A. Wunderlin

The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 62
Series Editors: Damià Barceló · Andrey G. Kostianoy
Daniel A. Wunderlin Editor
The Suquía River
Basin (Córdoba,
Argentina)
An Integrated Study on its Hydrology,
Pollution, Eff ects on Native Biota and
Models to Evaluate Changes in Water
Quality
The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry
Founded by Otto Hutzinger
(cid:1)
Editors-in-Chief: Damia Barcelo´ (cid:129) Andrey G. Kostianoy
Volume 62
Advisory Board:
Jacob de Boer, Philippe Garrigues, Ji-Dong Gu,
Kevin C. Jones, Thomas P. Knepper, Alice Newton,
Donald L. Sparks
Moreinformationaboutthisseriesathttp://www.springer.com/series/698
The Suqu´ıa River Basin
(Co´rdoba, Argentina)
An Integrated Study on its Hydrology,
Pollution, Effects on Native Biota and Models
to Evaluate Changes in Water Quality
Volume Editor: Daniel A. Wunderlin
With contributions by
M. V. Ame´ (cid:1) M. V. Baroni (cid:1) M. A. Bistoni (cid:1) R. I. Bonansea (cid:1)
F. Chiarini (cid:1) M. Corral (cid:1) E. D´ıaz (cid:1) C. M. Garc´ıa (cid:1) M. La´baque (cid:1)
A. Mangeaud (cid:1) M. V. Monferra´n (cid:1) G. Moya (cid:1) S. F. Pesce (cid:1)
C. P. Piacenza (cid:1) A. Rodr´ıguez (cid:1) M. I. Rodriguez (cid:1) M. Ruiz (cid:1)
A. N. Santiago (cid:1) L. Tarrab (cid:1) M. Tatia´n (cid:1) R. Torres (cid:1) M. E. Valde´s (cid:1)
L. Vicario (cid:1) A. Visint´ın (cid:1) D. A. Wunderlin
Editor
DanielA.Wunderlin
CONICET-UniversidadNacionalCo´rdoba
Cordoba,Argentina
ISSN1867-979X ISSN1616-864X (electronic)
TheHandbookofEnvironmentalChemistry
ISBN978-3-319-67755-2 ISBN978-3-319-67757-6 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67757-6
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2018935113
©SpringerInternationalPublishingAG2018
Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsarereservedbythePublisher,whetherthewholeorpartof
the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission
or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or
dissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this
publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesareexempt
fromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse.
Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationinthis
book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the
authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained
hereinor for anyerrors oromissionsthat may havebeenmade. Thepublisher remainsneutralwith
regardtojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitutionalaffiliations.
Printedonacid-freepaper
ThisSpringerimprintispublishedbySpringerNature
TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAG
Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland
Editors-in-Chief
Prof. Dr. Dami(cid:1)a Barcelo´ Prof. Dr. Andrey G. Kostianoy
DepartmentofEnvironmentalChemistry P.P.ShirshovInstituteofOceanology
IDAEA-CSIC RussianAcademyofSciences
C/JordiGirona18–26 36,NakhimovskyPr.
08034Barcelona,Spain 117997Moscow,Russia
and [email protected]
CatalanInstituteforWaterResearch(ICRA)
H20Building
ScientificandTechnologicalParkofthe
UniversityofGirona
EmiliGrahit,101
17003Girona,Spain
[email protected]
Advisory Board
Prof. Dr. Jacob de Boer
IVM, VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam,The Netherlands
Prof. Dr. Philippe Garrigues
Universityof Bordeaux,France
Prof. Dr. Ji-Dong Gu
The Universityof HongKong,China
Prof. Dr. Kevin C. Jones
Universityof Lancaster, UnitedKingdom
Prof. Dr. Thomas P. Knepper
Universityof AppliedScience, Fresenius,Idstein, Germany
Prof. Dr. Alice Newton
Universityof Algarve, Faro,Portugal
Prof. Dr. Donald L. Sparks
Plant and SoilSciences, Universityof Delaware, USA
The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry
Also Available Electronically
The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry is included in Springer’s eBook
packageEarthandEnvironmentalScience. Ifalibrarydoes notoptfor thewhole
package,thebookseriesmaybeboughtonasubscriptionbasis.
ForallcustomerswhohaveastandingordertotheprintversionofTheHandbook
ofEnvironmentalChemistry,weofferfreeaccesstotheelectronicvolumesofthe
SeriespublishedinthecurrentyearviaSpringerLink.Ifyoudonothaveaccess,you
canstillviewthetableofcontentsofeachvolumeandtheabstractofeacharticleon
SpringerLink(www.springerlink.com/content/110354/).
Youwillfindinformationaboutthe
– EditorialBoard
– AimsandScope
– InstructionsforAuthors
– SampleContribution
atspringer.com(www.springer.com/series/698).
Allfiguressubmittedincolorarepublishedinfullcolorintheelectronicversionon
SpringerLink.
Aims and Scope
Since 1980, The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry has provided sound
and solid knowledge about environmental topics from a chemical perspective.
Presenting a wide spectrum of viewpoints and approaches, the series now covers
topics such as local and global changes of natural environment and climate;
anthropogenicimpactontheenvironment;water,airandsoilpollution;remediation
and waste characterization; environmental contaminants; biogeochemistry; geo-
ecology;chemicalreactionsandprocesses;chemicalandbiologicaltransformations
as well as physical transport of chemicals in the environment; or environmental
modeling. A particular focus of the series lies on methodological advances in
environmentalanalyticalchemistry.
vii
Series Preface
Withremarkablevision,Prof. OttoHutzingerinitiatedTheHandbook ofEnviron-
mentalChemistry in1980andbecamethe foundingEditor-in-Chief.Atthattime,
environmental chemistry was an emerging field, aiming at a complete description
of the Earth’s environment, encompassing the physical, chemical, biological, and
geologicaltransformationsofchemicalsubstancesoccurringonalocalaswellasa
global scale. Environmental chemistry was intended to provide an account of the
impact of man’s activities on the natural environment by describing observed
changes.
Whileaconsiderableamountofknowledgehasbeenaccumulatedoverthelast
three decades, as reflected in the more than 70 volumes of The Handbook of
Environmental Chemistry, there are still many scientific and policy challenges
ahead due to the complexity and interdisciplinary nature of the field. The series
will therefore continue to provide compilations of current knowledge. Contribu-
tions are written by leading experts with practical experience in their fields. The
Handbook of Environmental Chemistry grows with the increases in our scientific
understanding, and provides a valuable source not only for scientists but also for
environmental managers and decision-makers. Today, the series covers a broad
rangeofenvironmentaltopicsfromachemicalperspective,includingmethodolog-
icaladvancesinenvironmentalanalyticalchemistry.
Inrecentyears,therehasbeenagrowingtendencytoincludesubjectmatterof
societal relevance in the broad view of environmental chemistry. Topics include
life cycle analysis, environmental management, sustainable development, and
socio-economic, legal and even political problems, among others. While these
topics are of great importance for the development and acceptance of The Hand-
bookofEnvironmentalChemistry,thepublisherandEditors-in-Chiefhavedecided
tokeepthehandbookessentiallyasourceofinformationon“hardsciences”witha
particular emphasis on chemistry, but also covering biology, geology, hydrology
andengineeringasappliedtoenvironmentalsciences.
Thevolumesoftheseriesarewrittenatanadvancedlevel,addressingtheneeds
ofbothresearchersandgraduatestudents,aswellasofpeopleoutsidethefieldof
“pure” chemistry, including those in industry, business, government, research
ix
x SeriesPreface
establishments,andpublicinterestgroups.Itwouldbeverysatisfyingtoseethese
volumesusedasabasisforgraduatecoursesinenvironmentalchemistry.Withits
high standards of scientific quality and clarity, The Handbook of Environmental
Chemistryprovidesasolidbasisfromwhichscientistscansharetheirknowledgeon
the different aspects of environmental problems, presenting a wide spectrum of
viewpointsandapproaches.
TheHandbookofEnvironmentalChemistryisavailablebothinprintandonline
via www.springerlink.com/content/110354/. Articles are published online as soon
astheyhavebeenapprovedforpublication.Authors,VolumeEditorsandEditors-
in-ChiefarerewardedbythebroadacceptanceofTheHandbookofEnvironmental
Chemistry by the scientific community, from whom suggestions for new topics to
theEditors-in-Chiefarealwaysverywelcome.
Dami(cid:1)aBarcelo´
AndreyG.Kostianoy
Editors-in-Chief
Preface
TheSuqu´ıaRiverisaclosedbasinlocatedinathesemi-aridregionoftheProvince
of Co´rdoba (Argentina). The basin starts at a quasi pristine mountain area, which
streamsformtwomainriverscontrolledbyanartificialdam(SanRoque).Thedam
area isunder high anthropicpressure becauseoftouristicactivities,andincreased
urbanizationwithpoorwastewatertreatment.Afterthedamwall,theSuqu´ıaRiver
begins, passing through a mountain area first, then flowing across the city of
Co´rdoba (ca. 1.5 Mill inhabitants), receiving the city run-off and other non-point
pollutionsources.Attheeastcitycorner,theriverstartsitslowerbasin,changing
itshydrologytoaplain-areariver,receivingtheinputfromtheWWTPofthecityat
thebeginningofthislowerbasin.Downstream,theriverflowsthroughfieldshaving
intensive agricultural activity, until reaching the hypersaline lagoon of Mar
Chiquita,wheretheriverends.
Thisgeographicalandhydrologicalcharacteristicshaveproducedaprogressive
increaseinthepollutiondegreefromtheupperbasintotheendofthelowerbasin,
including almost any kind of pollutants, from typical sewage pollution to the
presence ofcyanotoxins,heavymetals,toxic organic compounds (including agro-
chemicals) to pharmaceuticals compounds. This pollution is evidenced in several
compartmentsfromthewater,sediment,untiltheaquaticbiotaareaffected.Thus,
the Suqu´ıa River presents a bad example of diverse pollution sources, human
driven,andagoodopportunitytoverifyalmostanykindofstate-of-the-artanalyt-
ical method to evaluate changes in the water quality, including intensive data
mining by multivariate statistics. Many of the methods used for the study of this
basin are presented in this book, looking for an integrated approach on the evalu-
ationofariverbasinaffectedbyanthropicpressureatseverallevels.
Results summarized in this book were obtained along 20 years monitoring, by
differentpersons,belongingtodifferentinstitutionsandwithdiversepurposes.Thus,
thisbooklookstobeaguideforrivermonitoringindevelopingcountries,wherethe
budgetforcontrollingthewaterqualityislimitedbutthepollutionisstillunlimited.
Cordoba,Argentina DanielAlbertoWunderlin
xi