T14E MvJKY OF ART BYEHGOMBRICH PHAIDON I III ', I <)!•, OF API PHA1DON M' i .'. . . . --._ 11 -- . . THE STORY OF ART WITH 370 ILLUSTRATIONS BY EHGOMBRICH PHAIDON PUBLISHERS INC DISTRIBUTED BY THE OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS NKW YORK MCMI.I • - "— r.r^-! L:. 1: CONTENTS PREFACE I introduction: On Artand Artists 5 i. strange beginnings: Prehistoric and Primitive Peoples; Ancient America 19 2. art for eternity: Egypt, Mesopotamia, Crete 33 3. the great awakening: Greece, Seventhto Fifth CenturyB.C. 49 4. the realm of beauty: GreeceandtheGreekWorld,FourthCentury B.C. to First Century a.d. 67 5. world conquerors: Romans, Buddhists, Jews,and Christians, First to Fourth CenturyA.D. 79 6. apartingofways:RomeandByzantium,FifthtoThirteenthCentury 91 7. looking eastwards: Islam, China, Second to Thirteenth Century 99 8. western art in the melting pot: Europe, Sixth to Eleventh Century 109 9. the church militant: TheTwelfth Century 119 10. the church triumphant: TheThirteenth Century 131 11. courtiers and burghers: The FourteenthCentury 149 12. the conquest of reality: The Early Fifteenth Century 161 13. tradition and innovation:TheLater FifteenthCenturyin Italy 177 14. tradition and innovation: The Fifteenth Century in the North 195 15. harmony attained: Tuscany and Rome, Early Sixteenth Century 209 16. light and colour:VeniceandNorthern ItalyintheEarlySixteenth Century 237 17. the new learning spreads: Germanyand the Netherlands in the Early Sixteenth Century 249 18. A crisis of art: Europe, Later Sixteenth Century 265 19. vision and visions: CatholicEurope, FirstHalfofthe Seventeenth Century 287 vi Contents 20. the mirror of nature: Holland in the Seventeenth Century 309 21. power and glory:Italy,LaterSeventeenthandEighteenthCenturies 325 22. power and glory: France, Germany and Austria, Late Seventeenth andEarly EighteenthCenturies 335 23. the age of reason: England and France, Eighteenth Century 343 24. the break in tradition: England, America and France, Late Eighteenthand EarlyNineteenth Centuries 357 25. revolution in permanence: The Nineteenth Century 377 26. in search of new standards: The Late Nineteenth Century 403 27. experimental art: TheTwentieth Century 419 a note on art books 447 list of illustrations and acknowledgements 451 index and glossary 459