The State Visits of Edward VII: Reinventing Royal Diplomacy for the Twentieth Century

240 Pages·2015·4.265 MB·English

by  Matthew Glencross (auth.)

The State Visits of Edward VII
Palgrave Studies in Modern Monarchy
Series editors: Axel Körner, University College, London;Heather Jones, London
School of Economics; Heidi Mehrkens, University of St Andrews; Frank Lorenz
Müller, University of St Andrews
The death of Louis XVI on the scaffold in 1793 did not mark the beginning of the
end of monarchy. What followed was a Long Nineteenth Century during which
monarchical systems continued to be politically and culturally dominant both in
Europe and beyond. They shaped political cultures and became a reference point
for debates on constitutional government as well as for understandings of polit-
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to centralised national states. Not even the cataclysms of the twentieth century
could wipe monarchy completely off the political, mental and emotional maps.
Palgrave Studies in Modern Monarchy reflects the vibrancy of research into this topic
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monarchy in Europe and the world in the period after the end of the ancien
régime. Committed to a scholarly approach to the royal past, the series is open in
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aspect of any part of the modern monarchical world.
Titles include:
Frank Lorenz Müller and Heidi Mehrkens (editors)
SONS AND HEIRS
Succession and Political Culture in Nineteenth Century Europe
Matthew Glencross
THE STATE VISITS OF EDWARD VII
Reinventing Royal Diplomacy for the Twentieth Century
F orthcoming titles:
Frank Lorenz Müller
ROYAL HEIRS IN IMPERIAL GERMANY
Preparing a Monarchical Future in Bavaria, Saxony and Württemberg
Matthew Glencross, Michael D. Kandiah and Judith Rowbotham
THE WINDSOR DYNASTY 1910 TO THE PRESENT
‘ Long to Reign Over Us’?
Palgrave Studies in Modern Monarchy
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The State Visits of
Edward VII
Reinventing Royal Diplomacy for the
Twentieth Century
Matthew Glencross
Kings College London, UK
© Matthew Glencross 2015
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First published 2016 by
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ISBN 978-1-349-57822-1 ISBN 978-1-137-54899-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9781137548993
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A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Glencross, Matthew, 1986–
The state visits of Edward VII : reinventing royal diplomacy for the
twentieth century / Matthew Glencross, Kings College London, UK.
pages cm. — (Palgrave studies in modern monarchy)
ISBN 978–1–137–54898–6
1. Edward VII, King of Great Britain, 1841–1910 – Travel. 2. Great
Britain – Foreign relations – 1901–1910. 3. Great Britain – Kings and
rulers – Biography. 4. Great Britain – History – Edward VII, 1901–1910.
I. Title.
DA567.G57 2015
941.082’3092—dc23 2015023255
To my beautiful Dolly
Since 2006 you have been my love and inspiration
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Contents
Acknowledgements viii
Introduction 1
1 The Modern Revival of Royal Diplomacy 1 3
2 The First Royal Visits 32
3 A Difficult Host: Edward VII’s Visit to Italy 62
4 Edward VII’s Gift to Diplomacy? 1903 Visit to Paris 87
5 A Virtual Royal Occasion: Edward VII’s 1907
Visit to Spain 113
6 The Diplomatic Margins: State Visits to Scandinavia 137
7 Dealing with the Great Bear: Edward VII’s Visit to Russia 159
8 ‘ The Most Powerful and Influential Diplomat of His
Day’: Edward VII’s Final State Visits 184
Epilogue: After Edwardd 208
Bibliographyy 212
Index 223
vii
Acknowledgements
I would like to thank Her Majesty the Queen for allowing me the privi-
lege of quoting material from the Royal Archives, for which she holds
the copyright, and also for the encouraging chat she had with me about
my research.
My thanks to the Earl of Selborne for allowing me to quote material
from the papers of his ancestor the 2nd Earl, and to the Marquess of
Salisbury for allowing me to consult the papers of his ancestor the 3rd
Marquess, and Viscount Esher for allowing me to use the diary of the
2nd Viscount in this book. Finally, I would like to thank the Syndics
of Cambridge University Library and the Bodleian Library Oxford
University for allowing me to quote material from the archives there.
I would also like to thank the staff of the Royal Archives at Windsor
for all of the encouragement and the 11 am tea and cake. My thanks
go also to the Churchill Archives Centre, Cambridge, particularly to
Andrew Riley, who is undoubtedly one of the greats. To the staff of the
British Library and The National Archives, as well as those at a range of
other university libraries, including King’s College, Senate House and
the Bodleian, I also give my thanks; as well as to the staff at the other
private archives that I used. Without them all, this book could not have
been achieved.
My thanks go to Professor Frank Müller, Dr Heidi Mehrkens and Dr
Heather Jones, who went above and beyond the role of series editors
for me in their comments, reviews and words of encouragement. In
addition, Emily Russell and Angharad Bishop, my editor and edito-
rial assistant at Palgrave Macmillan, have calmed my nerves, answered
my questions and been an invaluable support to me, and I am also
grateful to my original commissioning editor, Clare Mence, for her
initial encouragement. I also thank Dr Antony Best, who, over many a
chat, has shown continued faith in my ongoing research into the role
of pomp and symbolism in monarchy. My thanks also go to all of the
staff at ICBH, who have helped me along the way, with special mention
to Professor Richard Roberts, Dr Virginia Preston, Dr Andrew Blick
and Professor Robert Blackburn, as well as all of the conveners of the
International History Seminar. Likewise, I would like to thank Professor
Gaynor Johnson, Professor Philip Murphy, Professor Mike Dockrill and
viii
Acknowledgments ix
Dr James Moore, who all examined this book at various stages, and
undoubtedly contributed to its betterment. Thanks also to Professor
Matthew Feldman, Dr Drew Gray and Dr Matthew McCormack, who set
me on the first steps to academia, for which I shall always be thankful – I
would not be where I am today without them. My thanks go also to Dr
Bernadette Kirwan and Dr Michele Blagg, whom, in their role as proof-
readers and as supportive friends, I could not do without.
My eternal gratitude goes out to Dr Judith Rowbotham, whose role as
mentor, proofreader and advice giver has been invaluable to me in the
process of writing this book and introducing me to the joys of newspa-
pers as a source. Likewise, I would like to thank Dr Michael Kandiah, Dr
Keith Hamilton and Dr Paul Readman, who were all a great source of
support throughout my research. I could not have asked for three better
mentors and academic friends.
I would like to thank my wonderful wife Nina Glencross, who has
been so understanding and supportive of me, especially through the
more stressful times that always come with being an author, and has
refrained from murdering me, despite the fact that she must have
been sorely tempted at times. I would also like to thank my equally
supportive family, especially my mum, sister, Nan, Gramp and dad. A
special mention to Miriam Charalambous for helping me with my OCD,
which in many ways was and continues to be my hardest obstacle. On
a final, personal, note, I would like to thank friends who have given me
no end of encouragement and support throughout the duration of the
book: Phil Dyson, Andrew Harrison, Maggie Scull, Naomi Lloyd-Jones,
Jennifer Doyle, Anders Mikkelsen, Anna Maguire, Khurram Jowiya,
Fiona Tate, Jason Humphreys, Mary Gibson and John Hadley.