The Soldier and the Changing State: Building Democratic Armies in Africa, Asia, Europe, and the Americas

471 Pages·2012·3.05 MB·English

by  Zoltan Barany

The Soldier and the Changing State
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The Soldier and
the Changing State
Building democratic armies in africa,
asia, europe, and the americas
••
Zoltan Barany
princeton university press
princeton and oxford
copyright © 2012 by princeton university press
published by princeton university press, 41 William street,
princeton, new Jersey 08540
in the united Kingdom: princeton university press, 6 oxford street,
Woodstock, oxfordshire ox20 1tW
press.princeton.edu
all rights reserved
library of congress cataloging-in-publication data
Barany, Zoltan d.
the soldier and the changing state : building democratic armies in africa,
asia, europe, and the americas / Zoltan Barany.
p. cm.
includes bibliographical references and index.
isBn 978-0-691-13768-1 (cloth : alk. paper) —
isBn 978-0-691-13769-8 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. civil-military relations—case studies. 2. armed forces—
reorganization—case studies. i. title.
Jf195.B37 2012
322'.5—dc23 2012004497
British library cataloging- in- publication data is available
this book has been composed in sabon
printed on acid-f ree paper. ∞
printed in the united states of america
1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2
in memory of old friends,
francis e. mc intyre (1923–2 010)
and
carolyn m. holBrooK (1959– 2011)
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Contents
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Acknowledgments ix
introduction 1
chapter 1 What does a democratic army look like? 14
Building demoCra TiC armieS
afTer War
chapter 2 after World War ii: germany, Japan, and hungary 47
chapter 3 after civil War: Bosnia and herzegovina, el salvador,
and lebanon 78
afTer regime Change
chapter 4 after military rule in europe: spain, portugal,
and greece 113
chapter 5 after military rule in latin america: argentina, chile,
and guatemala 143
chapter 6 after military rule in asia: south Korea, thailand,
and indonesia 178
chapter 7 after state- socialism in europe: slovenia, russia,
and romania 212
afTer ST aTe TranSformaTion
chapter 8 after colonial rule in asia: india, pakistan,
and Bangladesh 245
chapter 9 after colonial rule in africa: ghana, tanzania,
and Botswana 275
viii contents
chapter 10 after (re)unification and apartheid: germany,
south africa, and yemen 303
conclusion 339
notes 359
Bibliography 409
Index 443
ACknowledgments
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this has been a big book to write in terms of the learning, thinking, read-
ing, writing, and field research it required. i have received assistance
from many quarters and i am elated to be at the point where i can thank
those who deserve to be thanked.
at my academic home, the department of government at the university
of texas, i have been the beneficiary of a large contingent of first-r ate com-
parativists from whom i continue to learn. i am especially grateful to robert
hardgrave for several lengthy conversations about india and pakistan, ami
pedahzur for his long- standing enthusiastic support and assistance with the
tables, and Kurt Weyland for sharing with me his impressive latin american
address book and for his advice about how to structure the project. con-
versations with colleagues elsewhere directly influenced the book’s develop-
ment. tom Bruneau urged me to consider guatemala as a third case of post-
praetorian rule in latin america, larry diamond to think about indonesia
in the asian context, and scott mainwaring to contemplate el salvador as
an interesting post–c ivil war example. some colleagues are also responsible
for increasing my work-l oad and thereby, hopefully, making the book better
and more comprehensive. in particular, nancy Bermeo convinced me that i
really needed to include “post–c ivil war” as a separate category and, thus,
an additional chapter. and, in the end, i surrendered to paul Bolt’s good-
natured insistence that i would not do the book justice if i did not have a
chapter on asian states after military rule.
i cannot possibly list everyone who talked to me about their countries or
regions of expertise and helped to make my field research more productive,
but i must express my gratitude to John abizaid, felipe agüero, surachart
Bamrungsuk, mwesiga Baregu, anton Bebler, Walter Bgoya, edgardo Boen-
inger, henri Boshoff, tom Bruneau, carlos cáceres, p. r. chari, stephen f.
cohen, constantine danopoulos, francisco fernando de santibañes, thanos
dokos, maria espona, claudio fuentes, hiroshi fujikawa, Jorge gonzález,
mark gose, Wilfried heinemann, dale herspring, aida hozić, goran