The Social Politics of Medieval Diplomacy: Anglo-German Relations, 1066-1307 PDF
Preview The Social Politics of Medieval Diplomacy: Anglo-German Relations, 1066-1307
The Social Politics of Medieval Diplomacy STUDIESINMEDIEVALANDEARLYMODERNCIVILIZATION MarvinB.Becker,GeneralEditor CharityandChildreninRenaissanceFlorence: TheOspedaledegliInnocenti,1410-1536 Philip Gavitt HumanisminCrisis:TheDeclineoftheFrenchRenaissance PhilippeDesan,editor UponMyHusband'sDeath:WidowsintheLiteratures andHistoriesofMedievalEurope LouiseMirrer, editor TheCranniedWall:Women, Religion,andtheArts inEarlyModernEurope CraigA. Monson, editor WifeandWidowinMedievalEngland SueSheridan Walker, editor TheRhetoricsofLife-WritinginEarlyModernEurope: Formsof Biographyfrom CassandraFedeletoLouisXIV Thomas F. MayerandD.R. Woolf, editors DefiningDominion:TheDiscoursesofMagicandWitchcraftin EarlyModernFranceandGermany GerhildScholz Williams Women,Jews,andMuslimsintheTexts ofReconquestCastile LouiseMirrer TheCultureofMerit: Nobility,RoyalService,andtheMakingof AbsoluteMonarchyinFrance,1600-1789 JayM. Smith CleanHandsandRoughJustice: AnInvestigatingMagistrate inRenaissanceItaly DavidS. ChambersandTrevorDean "SongesofRechelesnesse": Langlandandthe Franciscans LawrenceM. Clopper Godlinessand GovernanceinTudorColchester LaquitaM.Higgs TheSocialPoliticsofMedievalDiplomacy:Anglo-German Relations (1066-1307) JosephP. Huffman TheStrozziofFlorence:Widowhoodand FamilySolidarityintheRenaissance AnnCrabb The Social Politics of Medieval Diplomacy Anglo-German Relations (1066-1307) Joseph P. Huffman Ann Arbor 'THE l1:NIvERSITY OF MICHIGAN PREss Copyright © by the University ofMichigan 2000 All rights reserved Published in the United States of America by The University ofMichigan Press Manufactured in the United States of America @ Printed on acid-free paper 2003 2002 2001 2000 4 3 2 1 No part ofthis publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, or otherwise, without the written permission ofthe publisher. A ClP catalogrecord for this book is available from the British Library. Library ofCongress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Huffman,Joseph P., 1959- The social politics of medieval diplomacy: Anglo-German relations (1066-1307) /Joseph P. Huffman. p. em. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-472-11061-6 (cloth: acid-free paper) 1. Great Britain-Foreign relations-Germany. 2. Germany-Foreign relations-Great Britain. 3. Great Britain-Foreign relations 1066-1485. 1. Title. DA47.2.H84 1999 327.41043-dc21 99-051933 ISBN13 978-0-472-11061-2 (cloth) ISBN13 978-0-472-02418-6 (electronic) Preface This book was written with certain assumptions that should be made plain at the outset. I have not attempted here to write a comprehensive history ofthe English and German realms, which has been done for both separatelyandelsewheremoreextensivelythanIwould havetheaudacity to attempt or claim here. Rather, this is a history of the diplomatic relations between the two realms. Hence, this study assumes that the reader has a general familiarity with the political histories of medieval Germany and England. Major regional events and individuals will be referred to but notdeveloped in detail for theirownsake. Theyshall only appear when they have a bearing on Anglo-German diplomacy. Where appropriate, and in the bibliography, the reader is referred to studies of these events and individuals to enable further consideration. In addition, although the English primary sources have been exten sivelyexamined,thisstudyemphasizesthe German sideofthe diplomatic equation. I have chosen this approach for two reasons-firstly, because the vast majority of Anglo-German diplomatic activity passed in one form or another through the city of Cologne. Since our reference point will most often be this flourishing Rhenish metropolis, one can expect that the story will be told with a distinctively German accent. There is, furthermore, a grave paucity of materials on any aspect of medieval German history in English, and so I have attempted to remedy the situa tion in some modest fashion. The notes and bibliography integrate both the sizable English- and German-speaking scholarly traditions, which is something often lacking in both German- and English-language texts. In an attempt to make German-language scholarship accessible to Anglo phone readers, I have translated into English all passages quoted in the notes from German scholarly literature. This book is not merely a narrative account of Anglo-German diplo maticdiscourse butonethat usesthe historical record asaspringboardto VI Preface considerationsaboutthenatureofmedievalpoliticallifeandaboutanach ronisms in the existing modern historiography on this period. I hope to accomplish insome degree three goals: tomakemedieval Germanyacces sible and relevant to English-speaking, Anglo-French-oriented medieval ists, to show the merits ofa comparative use ofregional sources, and to showthe need to reevaluate traditional political historyin the lightofthe insights afforded by social history. IfIstimulate any further discussion in these areas, though parts or even all of my thesis might show frayed edges, Ishall be satisfied. Without the support of many the research and writing phases of this book would never have beencompleted. In particularIwish to thank the Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst for the generous research fel lowship that made archival research possible. Appreciation for various writing and research grants goes to Messiah College. I extend special thanks to my two sons, Austin and Brendan, whose patience with my work and specialwisdomabout life have enabled me to love the pastand live in the present. It is to them, my future, that I dedicate this book. Contents Abbreviations IX Introduction 1 Chapter 1. Diplomatic Relations between the Anglo-Norman and Salian Kingdoms 25 Chapter 2. Renovatio Regnorum et Archiepiscoporum: Early Angevin-Staufen Relations and the Rise of Cologne 57 Chapter 3. Philip of Heinsberg, Henry the Lion, and Anglo- German Relations: Cooperation and Regionalism 92 Chapter 4. Richard the Lionheart and Otto IV: Itinerant Kingship and the City of Cologne 133 Chapter 5. King John, Otto IV, and Cologne: A Case Study of Kinship, Kingship, and Diplomacy between Medieval Political Communities 178 Chapter 6. Cologne Archbishops: Territorialpolitik, Marriage Negotiations, and Imperial Relations with England 223 Chapter 7. Epilogue: The Quixotic Kingship of Richard of Cornwall and Anglo-Cologne Diplomacy during Edward I's Reign 277 Conclusion: Reflections on the Nature of Political Life and Interregional Diplomatic Activity during the Central Middle Ages 312 Appendix: The Archbishops of Cologne 325 Select Bibliography 327 Index 351 Abbreviations Annalen Annalendes Historischen Vereins fur den Niederrhein, insbesonderediealteErzdiozeseKoln Bohmer Regesta Imperii, ed.J. F. Bohmer,rev. eds., vols. 3-6 (Innsbruck, 1881-1901;Vienna, Cologne, and Graz, 1951-84). CCLR Calendar ofClose Rolls Preservedin the PRO CLR CalendarofLiberate Rolls Preservedin thePRO CPR CalendarofPatentRolls Preservedinthe PRO CRC Chronica regia Coloniensis (Annales maximi Colonienses), ed. GeorgWaitz, MGH55rer. Germ., no. 18 (Hanover, 1880; reprint, 1978). DA DeutschesArchivfur Erforschungdes Mittelalters EHR English Historical Review EnnenlEckertz QuellenzurGeschichte derStadtKoln, ed. Leonard Ennen and GottfriedEckertz, 6vols. (Cologne, 1860-79). HGB Hansische Geschichtsbliitter HUB Hansisches Urkundenbuch JKGV Jahrbuch des Kolnischen Geschichtsvereins MGH Monumenta Germaniae Historica MGHConst. Monumenta GermaniaeHistorica: Constitutionesetacta publica imperatorumet regum MGHDD Monumenta GermaniaeHistorica: Diplomata MGH Leges Monumenta GermaniaeHistorica: Leges (folio) MGH55 Monumenta GermaniaeHistorica: 5criptores (folio) MGH 55 rer. Germ. Monumenta Germaniae Historica: 5criptores rerum Germanicarum in usumscholarumseparatim editi MIOG Mitteilungen des Instituts fur Osterreichische Geschichtsforschung MPCM MatthewParis, Chronica majora, ed. Henry Richards Luard, 7vols., R5, no. 57, (London, 1872-73; reprint, 1964).
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