The Sino-Soviet Split: Cold War in the Communist World PDF
Preview The Sino-Soviet Split: Cold War in the Communist World
The Sino-Soviet Split princeton studies in international history and politics series editors G. John Ikenberry and Marc Trachtenberg recent titles The Sino-Soviet Split: Cold War in the Communist World by Lorenz M. Lüthi Nuclear Logics: Contrasting Paths in East Asia and the Middle East by Etel Solingen Social States: China in International Institutions, 1980–2000 by Alastair Iain Johnston Appeasing Bankers by Jonathan Kirshner The Politics of Secularism in International Relations by Elizabeth Shakman Hurd Unanswered Threats: Political Constraints on the Balance of Power by Randall L. Schweller Producing Security: Multinational Corporations, Globalization, and the Changing Calculus of Confl ict by Stephen G. Brooks Driving the Soviets up the Wall: Soviet-East German Relations, 1953–1961 by Hope M. Harrison Legitimacy and Power Politics: The American and French Revolutions in International Political Culture by Mlada Bukovansky Rhetoric and Reality in Air Warfare: The Evolution of British and American Ideas about Strategic Bombing, 1914–1945 by Tami Davis Biddle Revolutions in Sovereignty: How Ideas Shaped Modern International Relations by Daniel Philpott After Victory: Institutions, Strategic Restraint, and the Rebuilding of Order after Major Wars by G. John Ikenberry The Sino-Soviet Split cold war in the communist world Lorenz M. Lüthi princeton university press princeton and oxford Copyright © 2008 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, 41 William Street, Princeton, New Jersey 08540 In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, 3 Market Place, Woodstock, Oxfordshire OX20 1SY All Rights Reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Luthi, Lorenz M., 1970– The Sino-Soviet split : cold war in the communist world / Lorenz M. Luthi. p. cm. — (Princeton studies in international history and politics) ISBN: 978-0-691-12934-1 (cloth : alk. paper) — ISBN: 978-0-691-13590-8 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. China—Foreign relations—Soviet Union. 2. Soviet Union—Foreign relations— China. 3. Communism—History—20th century. I. Title. DS740.5.S65L88 2008 327.4705109'045—dc22 2007033119 British Library Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available This book has been composed in Sabon Printed on acid-free paper. ∞ press.princeton.edu Printed in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 FOR MY PARENTS In memory of my brother This page intentionally left blank Contents Maps viii Acknowledgments xi Abbreviations and Terms xiii Transliteration and Diacritical Marks xix Introduction 1 Chapter One Historical Background, 1921–1955 19 Chapter Two The Collapse of Socialist Unity, 1956–1957 46 Chapter Three Mao’s Challenges, 1958 80 Chapter Four Visible Cracks, 1959 114 Chapter Five World Revolution and the Collapse of Economic Relations, 1960 157 Chapter Six Ambiguous Truce, 1961–1962 194 Chapter Seven Mao Resurgent, 1962–1963 219 Chapter Eight The American Factor, 1962–1963 246 Chapter Nine Khrushchev’s Fall and the Collapse of Party Relations, 1963–1966 273 Chapter Ten Vietnam and the Collapse of the Military Alliance, 1964–1966 302 Conclusion 340 Essay on the Sources 353 Index 361 R S S U OUTER MONGOLIA HEILONGJIANG HHHaaarrrbbbiiinnn YYYiiinnniiinnnggg UUUrrruuummmqqqiii G OLIA N JILIN O X I N JIANG INNEHHHoooRhhhhhh oooMttt H BBBE Beee iiiEjjj iiiInnnggg BBBeeeLiiiIdddAaaaOiiiSSShhhNhhheeeIeeeNnnnGyyyaaannnggg LLLoooppp NNNooorrr QINGHGA IA N S U NINGXIA YYYaaannn’’’aaannnSHANXI XXXiiibbbaaaiiipppoooSHTTTAiiiaaaNnnnDjjjOiiinnnNGQQQLLLiiinnnüüügggsssDDDhhhddduuuaaaaaalllnnnoooiiiaaannn TIBET CCChhheeennngggddduuuSHAANXI HWWWUHZZZuuuhhhBEhhheeeNEaaannnnnnAIgggzzzNhhhooouuuANHUIJIANGSU SSShhhaaannnggghhhaaaiii LLLhhhaaasssaaa SICHUAN HHHaaannngggzzzhhhooouuu ZZZuuunnnyyyiii SSShhhaaaooossshhhaaannn JIALLLNuuuGssshhhXaaaInnn ZHEJIANG GUIZHOU HUNAN JJJiiinnnggggggaaannngggssshhhaaannn KKKuuunnnmmmiiinnnggg FUJIAN Pacific XXXiiiaaammmeeennn INDIA YUNNAN GUANGXI GUANGGGGDuuuOaaaCCCnnnoooNgggnnnGgggzzzhhhhhhooouuuuuuaaa JJJiiinnnmmmeeennn (TRaOiwaCn) Ocean BURMA HAINAN Figure 1. China: Provinces and Towns U S S R BaLiakkael Argu Rniver Amur River KAZAKHSTAN OUTER MONGOL I A ZDhaemnabnasok i/i Island River Desert Desert Ussuri KYRGTYiaSnTAshNan R a n g e DPRK (North KoreVa)ladivostock A C ROK (South Korea) Aksai H I N KISTAN seWcteosrternM iCsdehdciltneo r TIBET A P Eastern NEPALSikkimBHUTsAeNctorNNNEEEFFFAAA I Pacific N DIA ROC (Taiwan) Ocean BURMA VIETN HKOONNGG A M Figure 2. China: Border and Territorial Confl icts
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