The shallow-water Rissoidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) of the Azores and some aspects of their ecology

26 Pages·2000·12.2 MB·English

by  Sergio P Avila

© SociedadEspañola deMalacología Iberus, 18 (2): 51-76, 2000
The shallow-water Rissoidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) ofthe
Azores and some aspects oftheir ecology
Los Rissoidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) de las Azores yalgunos aspec-
tos de su ecología
Sergio P. ÁVILA*
Recibidoel11-VI1-2000.Aceptadoel16-X-2000
ABSTRACT
A critical review of the distribution of tfie Rissoidae on tfie islonds of the Azorean Archipe-
lago is mode, on the basis of bibliographic doto os well os newly-collected scmples.
Twenty three toxo of Rissoidae are given to the Azores: tweive endemic species, three res-
tricted to the Azores and Madeira/Selvogens archipelogo and two with wider distribution.
Of the remaining taxa, one is an unidentified species of Sef'ia and five are records not
confirmed by this study. The assemblage of Rissoidae ossocioted with heterogeneous
algae on a rocky shore on the northern coast of Sao Miguel Island, Azores, is also descri-
bed. Aspects of community structure (species composition, abundance and zonation) were
studied and a multispecies analysis conducted using clustering techniques. Some com-
ments are also made regarding the Rissoidae speciation that has occurred in the Azores
and its relation to the main sea-surfoce circulation in this área ofthe Atlantic Ocean.
RESUMEN
Se realiza una revisión critica de la distribución de los Rissoidae de las Azores, en base a
datos bibliográficos y a muestras recientes. Se han encontrado 23 tóxones de Rissoidae:
12 especies endémicas, 3 restringidas a las Azores y a Madeira/Salvajes y otras dos con
una distribución mayor. De las especies restantes, una es una especie sin identificar de
Seña y otras 5 son citas no confirmadas en el presente estudio. Se describe también la
asociación de Rissoidae con algas en una costa rocosa del norte de Sao Miguel (Azores).
Se incluyen datos sobre la estructura de la comunidad (composición específica, abundan-
cia y zonación), asi como un análisis multiespecífico empleando técnicas de cluster. Se
comenta también la especiación que ha tenido lugar en las Azores con la famila Rissoi-
dae y su relación con los principales corrientes superficiales en esta zona del Atlántico.
KEYWORDS: Rissoidae,Azores, taxonomy,ecology,geographicrange.
PALABRASCLAVE: Rissoidae,Azores, taxonomía,ecología,distribucióngeográfica.
INTRODUCTION
The marine Rissoidae of the Azores zenberg (1889) and Nobre (1924; 1930),
were studied by Drouet (1858), Daut- who provided annotated check-Hsts.
*Sec^áodeBiologíaMarinhaandCIRN. DepartamentodeBiología,UniversidadedosA9ores.RúadaMáede
Deus, 9500PontaDelgada.Azores-Portugal [email protected]
51
Iberus, 18 (2), 2000
During the scientific expeditions made which we must add Alvaniaformicarum
by the Prince of Monaco to the Azores, Gofas 1989, a species endemic to Formi-
25 species of Rissoidae were described gas and Santa Maria (Gofas, 1989;
from deep-water samples, most of them 1990).
Alvania (11 species) (Dautzenberg, Samples taken by the author from
1889). Using SEM techniques, two new several locations in the Azores revealed
species were described by Aartsen another species at Sao Miguel island
(1982a; 1982b; 1982c; 1982d) and Amati that was formerly reported by Gofas
(1987), from material coUected by the (1990) to be restricted to the islands of
PrinceofMonaco. Withthesamemetho- the central and western groups i.e.,
dology (SEM photos of the protoconch Onoba moreleti Dautzenberg, 1889.
and of the microsculpture of the body Azevedo and Gofas (1990) recorded a
whorl), MooLENBEEK AND Faber (1987) species of Setia from Flores. This species
revised the genusManzonia intheMaca- was later found by Ávila et al. (1998)
ronesian islands, identifying a single at Pico and Sao Miguel. A new species
species from the Azorean archipelago ofAlvania, describedby Fioenselaar and
{Manzonia unifasciata Dautzenberg, Goud (1998) as A. internodula, was also
1889). coUected from Formigas by Ávila and
As a result of the scientific expedi- Azevedo (1997). The revisión of the
tions organized by the Department of material of the CANCAR expeditions
Biology of the University of the Azores (1976-1986) has confirmed some species
to some of the islands (e.g.: "Gra- and described a few otherstotheAzores
ciosa/88", "Flores/89", "Santa Maria e (HoenselaarandGoud, 1998).
Formigas 1990" and "Pico/1991") and The Rissoidae is one of the best
also the scientific expedition "Azores represented families of shallow-water
89", organized by the Department of marine molluscs in the Azores, with 8
Oceanography and Fisheries (DOP/UA) genera and 18 confirmed taxa, of which
of the University of the Azores, severa! 12 species are considered as endemic
check-lists (some ofthemnotyetpublis- (MOOLENBEEK AND FaBER, 1987; GOFAS,
hed) have allowed preliminary reports 1989; 1990; Knudsen, 1995; Hoense-
on the geographical distribution of Ris- laarANDGoud, 1998).
soidae species on the islands of the This study had three main objecti-
Azores (Azevedo and Martins, 1989; ves: to undertake a taxonomic revisión
Azevedo, 1990; Azevedo and Gofas, of Rissoidae in the Azores, to identify
1990; Ávilaand Azevedo, 1996; Ávila any island to island endemisms, that is
and Azevedo, 1997; Ávila, 1998; species restricted to some of the islands
Ávila, Azevedo, Goncalves, Fontes and to describe the zonation of the Ris-
AND Cardigos, 1998; Ávila, Azevedo, soidaeontheAzoreanshores.
GoNCALVES, Fontes and Cardigos, in
press).
During the "I International Works- MATERIALAND METHODS
hop of Malacology" held at Vila Franca
do Campo (Sao Miguel island). Gofas Abibliographic analysis was made,
(1989; 1990) refers to 11 species of Ris- in order to compile published Informa-
soidaefromtheAzorean littoral (Alvanin tion about the shallow-water Rissoidae
angioyi VanAartsen, 1982, A. cancellata of the Azores (intertidal to a depth of
(Da Costa, 1778), A. mediolittoralis Gofas, about 50m). The synonymy and the dis-
1989, A. poucheti Dautzenberg, 1889, A. tribution of the species, by islands, was
sleursi (Amati, 1987), Botryphallus ovum- also annotated. Á table with the distri-
muscae (Gofas, 1990), Cingula trifasciata bution of the Rissoidae species, by
(Adams, 1798), Crisilla postrema (Gofas, islands, was constructed and multiva-
1990), Manzonia unifasciata (Dautzen- riate analysis was performed on the
berg, 1889), Rissoa guernei Dautzenberg, data obtained (Bray-Curtis similarity
1889 and SetiasubvaricosaGofas, 1990)to Índex/UPGMA as well as MDS). The
52
N
ÁVILA: Theshallow-water Rissoidae oftheAzores andsome aspects oftheir ecology
40°N
Corvo
WESTERN
GROUP CENTRALGROUP
Graciosa-
39°N
Terceira
Faial
SaoJorge
Pico
38°N
SaoMiguel
EASTERN Formigas
GROUP
islets
SantaMaria
f^ 37°
3rw W W W W W W
30° 29° 28° 27° 26° 25°
Figure 1. MapoftheAzoresArchipelago.
Figura 1. MapadelarchipiélagodelasAzores.
gastropod classification follows Ponder pouring the washing water through a
AND LiNDBERG (1997). CLEMAM (Check sieve tower with decreasing mesh sizes
ListofEuropeanMarineMollusca) data- (Imm, 0.5mm and 0.25mm). Samples
base classification was quite useful for were then labeled and preserved in 70%
synonymy. ethanol. The molluscs from the Imm
Protoconchs of almost all the mesh were sorted and the Rissoidae
Azorean Rissoidae were photographed identifiedand counted.
with a SEM, as well as other detailed Multispeciesanalysisbetweenallthe
structures of the shells {e.^. microsculp- samples were conducted using ordina-
ture of the last whorl and protoconch, tiontechniques. Priortothemultivariate
shellapertureandthewholeshell). analysis, the absolute valúes of the
The zonation of the Rissoidae was counts were transformed, in order to
examined for Sao Miguel, which is standardize the data and ensure thatthe
locatedintheeasterngroupofislandsof multivariate ordination would not be
the archipelago (Fig. 1). Several dives determined by the most abundant
were performed inJuly 1996 at Porto da species (ClarkeandAinsworth, 1993).
Baleia, a former whaling ramp boat, Absolute counts were transformed by
located at Sao Vicente (Cápelas) on the double square root transformation,
north coast ofSao Miguel (Fig. 2). In the whichweightsthe abundantspeciesand
selected zone, a 400m long transect was is advisable when a Bray-Curtis
done, fromtheintertidalzoneto a depth measure is used as a similarity coeffi-
of 30m (Fig. 3). Quadrates of 50x50 cm, cient in further steps (Field, Clarke
placedonalgae coveringtherockysubs- andWarwick, 1982).
tratum were scrapped, and the material Triangular matrices of similarities
collected put into labeled cotton draws- between every pair of samples were
tring bags. Three replicates were obtai- then computed from transformed data
ned from eight chosen depths, x.e., 3.5m, of absolute counts, using the Bray-
5.1m, 8m, 12m, 13.6m, 16.3m, 22m and Curtis coefficient (Field et al., 1982;
26.8m. In the laboratory, each of the Clarke and Ainsworth, 1993). The
replicateswaswashed severaltimes and similarity matrices were subjected to
the animáis removed from the algae by clusteringby anhierarchical agglomera-
53
Iberus, 18 (2), 2000
Figure2. SaoMiguelisland. SVC-SaoVicente.
Figura2. IsladeSaoMiguel. SVC-Sao Vicente.
tive method employing group-average Abbreviationsusedintext:
linking (UPGMA).
Data analysis were undertaken DBUA: marine molluscs reference col-
using the PRIMER (Plymouth Routines lection of the Department ofBiology
in Multivariate Ecological Research) set oftheUniversityoftheAzores.
of programs developed and tested by MCM(HN): Musen Carlos Machado
PlymouthMarineLaboratory /Historia Natural, Ponta Delgada,
All the material is deposited at the Azores.
reference collection of the Department MNHN: Muséum National d'Histoire
of Biology of the University of the Naturelle, Paris (Malacologie).
Azores (DBUA), unless otherwise NNM: Nationaal Natuurhistorisch
stated. Museum, Leiden.
RESULTS
PhylumMoLLUSCA
Class Gastropoda
Subclass Orthogastropoda
Superorder Caenogastropoda
Order Sorbeoconcha
Suborder Hypsogastropoda
Superfamily RisSOOiDEA
Family RissoiDAE
Alvania Risso, 1826
Alvania abstersa Van der Linden and VanAartsen, 1994
ReferencestotheAzores:
AlvaniaobsoletaVanderLinden, 1993:79-82.
AlvaniaabstersaVanderLindenandVanAartsen, 1994:2;HoenselaarandGoud, 1998:71.
Occurrence: Pico(Laies do Pico), Ter- Comments: although more common
ceira (Porto Martins), Sao Jorge (Faja da just below the intertidal, it may appear
Caldeira), Sao Miguel (Lagoa and Mos- toadepthof35m.
mm
teiros), Santa Maria (Van der Linden, Dimensions: up to 3.3 long,
1993:80).Azores(CANCARexpeditions) 1.7mmwide.
(FlOENSELAARANDGOUD, 1998: 71). Geographic distribution: endemic to
DBUA726. theAzores.
54
ÁVILA: Theshallow-water Rissoidae oftheAzores andsome aspects oftheirecology
Transect(m)
200 250
+-
Figure 3.Transect performed at Porto da Baleia (SaoVicente, Cápelas), north coast ofSao Miguel
island,Azores.
N
Figura 3. Transecto realizado en Porto da Baleia (Sao Vicente, Cápelas), costa de la isla de Sao
Miguel,Azores.
Alvania angioyiVanAartsen, 1982
ReferencestotheAzores:
Alvania(Alvinia)watsoniSchwartz, inWatson, 1873:Dautzenberg, 1889:51.
Alvaniawatsoni(SchwartzMS)Watson, 1873:Bullock,TurnerandFralick, 1990:45.
AlvaniaangioyiVanAartsen, 1982:AzevedoandMartins, 1989:69;Gofas, 1990: 112;Azevedoand
Gofas, 1990: 85; Ávila, 1996: 27; Ávila and Azevedo, 1996: 106; Ávila andAzevedo, 1997: 326;
Bullock, 1995: 16;Knudsen, 1995: 140;HoenselaarandGoud, 1998:72.
AlvaniaangioyiVanAartsen, 1982d:Azevedo1991b:44.
Occurrence: Sao Miguel, Faial (Bay of (ÁVILA, 1996: 27), Pico (Avila and
Horta, -15 to -20 m, Stn. 103, "Hironde- Azevedo, 1996: 106), Formigas islets
lle", 1887), Pico (-1287 m) (Dautzen- (Ávila and Azevedo, 1997: 326) and
berg, 1889: 51), Graciosa (Azevedoand Azores (CANCAP expeditions) (Hoen-
Martins, 1989: 69), Flores (Santa Cruz, - selaarandGoud, 1998: 72).
20m) (Azevedo and Gofas, 1990: 85), DBUA 119, 173, 188, 227, 274, 277,
Sao Miguel (Bullock et al., 1990: 45); 281, 335, 340, 343, 350, 352, 353, 355, 372,
Sao Miguel (Vila Franca (-24m) and 374, 379, 394, 398, 400, 407, 410, 412, 462,
Morro das Cápelas ("Biagores" 1971 493, 496, 499, 556, 560, 564, 568, 571, 574,
expedition); Lagoa (-10 to -22m); Fetei- 579, 666, 675, 715, 719.
ras (-15 to -22m); Ponta da Galera (inter- MCM(HN) 7, 9.
tidal and -13 to -18m); Ponta Delgada; Comments: this species is closely
Cápelas (intertidal); Ilhéu de Vila related to specimens from Madeira and
Franca; Ponta da Pirámide (-13m)), Faial is also similar toAlvania oranica (Pallary,
(Horta, -3m; -7m; Monte da Guia, -20m, 1900) from Ceuta (Gofas, 1990). It
"Biagores" 1971), Terceira (Pedra occurs to a depthof35m, but is commo-
Furada, Angra do Heroísmo; Praia da nest in the first lOm. Although Gofas
Vitoria), Flores ('Tr. AHce" st. 703, 1896; raises the hypothesis of its existence at
Santa Cruz, -20m) and Formigas (west Madeira archipelago, its presence was
coast, -16m, "Biagores" 1971) (Gofas, not confirmed in the samples from the
1990: 112), Sao Miguel (Caloura and CANCAP expeditions (Hoenselaar
Ribeirinha) (Azevedo, 1991a: 22), Santa ANDGoud, 1998: 72).
mm
Maria (Vila do Porto, Ponta do Marvao) Dimensions: 1.8mm long, 1.1
(Azevedo, 1991b: 44), Sao Miguel (Ilhéu w^ide.
de Vila Franca) (Bullock, 1995: 16; Geographic distribution: endemic to
Knudsen, 1995: 140), Pico (intertidal) theAzores.
55
Iberus, 18 (2), 2000
Alvania beani (Hanley inThorpe, 1844)
ReferencestotheAzores:
RissoacalathusForbesandHanley, 1858:MacAndrew, 1856: 121.
Alvania(Turhona)reticulata(Montagu, 1803):Simroth, 1888.
Occurrence: Azores (-10 to -90m) collected at the Azores by the
(Mac Andrew, 1856: 121). Sao Miguel CANCAP expeditions, not a single
(PontaDelgada) (Simroth, 1888). specimen was found (Hoenselaar
Comrnents: this record needs to be AND GOUD, 1998).
confirmed. Its occurrence in the Azores Dimensions: 3.5mm long, 2.0mm
is possible and, if so, it Uves predomi- wide (FretterandGraham, 1978).
nantly at depths >50m and I have only Geographic distribution: Norway to
a few samples collected by scuba the Mediterranean, Azores (?) and
diving at these depths. However, in the Canary Islands (Fretter and Graham,
significant amount of samples 1978; RolAn, 1984).
Alvania cancellata (Da Costa, 1778)
ReferencestotheAzores:
RissoacrenulataMichaud, 1832:MacAndrew, 1856:148.
Rissoa(Alvania)cancellataDaCosta:Watson, 1886:592.
AlvanialaxaDautzenbergandFischer, 1896:62-63,pl. 19,figs. 10,11.
AlvaniacancellataDaCosta:Dautzenberg, 1889:49.
Alvaniacancellata(DaCosta, 1778):Nobre, 1924:80; 1930:57;Morton, 1967:36;Azevedo, 1990:59;
Gofas, 1990: 104; Azevedo andGofas, 1990: 85; Azevedo, 1991a: 21; 1991b: 44; Ávila, 1996: 27;
ÁvilaandAzevedo, 1997:326;HoenselaarandGoud, 1998: 73.
Occurrence: Azores (Mac Andrew, tidal) (Avila, 1996: 27), Formigas islets
1856: 148); Faial (-823 to -914m) (Ávila and Azevedo, 1997: 326) and
(Watson, 1886: 592), Faial (Horta, -15 to Azores (CANCAP expeditions) (Hoen-
-20m, Stn. 103, "Hirondelle", 1887), Pico selaarANDGoud, 1998: 73).
(-1287m) and Sao Miguel (Dautzen- DBUA 127, 168, 173, 176, 197, 240,
berg, 1889: 49),Azores (Nobre, 1924: 80; 274, 281, 341, 350, 379, 394, 395, 405, 408,
1930: 57), Sao Jorge (Velas) (Morton, 410, 411, 415, 421, 422, 438, 441, 446, 448,
1967: 36), Pico (Baía de Sao Pedro, Lajes 459, 489, 493, 496, 499, 500, 555, 558, 561,
do Pico) (Azevedo, 1990: 59), Flores 569, 570, 574, 579, 605, 608, 609, 614, 658,
(Santa Cruz) (Azevedo and Gofas, 659, 660, 661, 662, 665, 666, 667, 670, 672,
1990: 85), Sao Miguel (Ponta Delgada; 675, 677, 719.
Vila Franca do Campo, -lOm, -24m; Comrnents: itoccurs from low tide le-
Morro das Cápelas ("Bia^ores" 1971 velto a depthof45m (Saldanha, 1995),
expedition); Feteiras, -15 to -22m; Ponta but its presence at low depths is rare
da Galera, -13 to -18m, -20m; Lagoa, -10 (Graham, 1988; Gofas, 1990). Itis detri-
to -22m; Ponta da Pirámide, -13m), For- tivorous (Graham, 1988). The popula-
migas (east coast, -16m), Terceira (Ponta tions in the Azores are conspecific with
de Sao Diogo, Pedra Furada - Angra do those on European mainland, their pro-
Heroísmo), Flores (Santa Cruz, -20m) toconchs matching exactly (Knudsen,
and Pico (-1287m) (Gofas, 1990: 104), 1995). Gofas (1990) also states their
Sao Miguel (infralittoral of Ribeirinha) conspecificity with the populations of
(Azevedo, 1991a: 21), Santa Maria (Vila Madeira and the Canary Islands, be-
do Porto, Ilhéu da Vila) (Azevedo, cause of external similarities and the
1991b: 44), Sao Miguel (Ilhéu de Vila existence of a multispiral protoconch,
Franca) (Knudsen, 1995: 141), Pico (sub- denotingaplanktotrophicdevelopment.
56
ÁVILA: Theshallow-water Rissoidae oftheAzores andsome aspects oftheirecology
mm mm
Dimensions: 3.7 long, 2.4 1889, 1937; Gofas, 1990), British isles,
wide. Mediterranean, Canary islands and
Geographic distribution: Atlantic, Cape Vert Islands (Knudsen, 1995). Sao
Azores, English Channel and North Sea Tomé island (Fernandes and Rolan,
(Campbell, 1994), Madeira (Nobre, 1993).
Alvania cimex (Linnaeus, 1758)
ReferencestotheAzores:
RissoagranulataPhilippi, 1836:MacAndrew, 1856: 121.
Occurrence: Azores from shores of the specimen(s) identified by Mac
(dead) (MacAndrew, 1856: 121). Andrew. I agree with him and
Comments: Dautzenberg (1889), consider that this record needs to be
raised doubts about the specific status confirmed.
Alvaniaformicarum Gofas, 1989
ReferencestotheAzores:
AlvaniaformicarumGofas, 1989:40-41;HoenselaarandGoud, 1998:72.
Occurrence: Formigas and Ilhéu de specimens have been collected from 15
Sao Lourengo (Santa María) (Gofas, to43mdepth.
1989:40-41). Dimensions: 2.4mm long, 1.4mm
DBUA
332, 335, 338, 340, 341, 342, wide.
343, 345, 348, 350, 352, 353, 355, 359. Geographic distribution: restricted to
Comments: the zonation of this Formigas islets and Santa Maria
species is not known. However, living island.
Alvania internodula Hoenselaar and Goud, 1998
ReferencestotheAzores:
Alvaniasp.:ÁvilaandAzevedo, 1997:326.
AlvaniainternodulaHoenselaarandGoud, 1998:83.
Occurrence: Formigas (Ávila and internodula Hoenselaar and Goud, 1998.
Azevedo, 1997: 326). Azores (CANCAP Also, only the specimens in the DBUA
expeditions: Sta. 5033, 35m/l specimen; 336 and 338 lots were correctly assigned
Sta. 5039, 43m/2; Sta. 5040, 41-47m/25; to this new species, all other specimens
Sta. 5091, 33m/7; Sta. 5098, 40m/l; Sta. beingAlvaniaangioyiVanAartsen, 1982d.
5113, 45m/12; Sta. AZO.022, at shore/1) The shells ofthe young specimens ofAl-
(HoenselaarandGoud, 1998: 83). vania internodularesembleAlvaniaangioyi
DBUA336, 338. Van Aartsen, 1982d, but the adults are
Comments: in their check-list of the quitedifferent,withstrongerknobsinthe
shallow-watermarinemolluscsofFormi- whorlsandwithdeepersutures.
gas, Ávilaand Azevedo (1997) indica- Additionaldescription:Protoconchsculp-
tedthepresenceofanewspeciesofAlva- turedwith5-6marked spiralribs, thein-
nia in 6 lots of the DBUA collection: terstices covered with numerous very
DBUA
332, 335, 336, 338, 350, 355. Later smallnodules,notaligned. Inthesecond
work atthe SEM levelrevealed the exis- whorloftheteleoconch,theintermedíate
tenceofaspecies alreadydescribedasA. 3ribsaremoreprominentthantheothers.
57
Iberus, 18 (2), 2000
the same happening in the body whorl. smooth. Inside the outerlip there are8-9
Thecrossingsofspiralribsandcostaepro- faintdenticles (Fig. 8:A-J).
ducenodules, thatare strongerinthein- D¿míns/ons:2.3mmlong,1.3mmwide.
termedíate 3 ribs. The ribs located inthe Geographic distribution: restricted to
anteriorpartofthebodywhorl are quite theFormigasislets,Azores.
Alvania mediolittoralis Gofas, 1989
ReferencestotheAzores:
Alvaniamariae(D'Orbigny):Dautzenberg, 1889:49.
Rissoa(Alvania)reticnlataMontaguvar.mariaeD'Orbigny:Nobre, 1924:81.
Alvania(Tiirhona)reticulata (Montagu, 1803): Martins, 1980: 17(misidentification,A.M.F. Martins,
pers.comm).
Alvania mediolittoralis Gofas, 1989: Gofas, 1989: 39; Azevedo and Martins, 1989: 69; Azevedo,
1990: 59; Azevedo and Gofas 1990: 85; Gofas, 1990: 110-112; Azevedo, 1991a: 21; 1991b: 44;
Ávila, 1996:27;HoenselaarandGoud, 1998:91.
Occurrence: Sao Miguel and Pico (- Azores (CANCAP expeditions) (Hoen-
1287m) (Dautzenberg, 1889: 49), Sao selaarandGoud, 1998: 91).
Miguel (Ponta Delgada; Praia do Rosto DBUA 124, 188, 193, 197, 229, 240,
do Cao), Terceira, Pico and Graciosa 274, 442, 444, 445, 446, 448, 449, 450, 451,
(Nobre, 1924: 81; 1930: 57), Sao Miguel 452, 453, 455, 456, 457, 458, 459, 460, 461,
(Atalhada, Lagoa) (Martins, 1980: 17), 462, 471, 473, 474, 475, 476, 483, 486, 489,
Graciosa (mediolittoral of Porto Afonso 490, 492, 493, 496, 499, 500, 551, 553, 558,
and Santa Cruz; infralittoral of Baía da 560, 561, 564, 565, 566, 568, 570, 571, 574,
Folga) (Azevedo and Martins, 1989: 579, 614, 632, 659, 661, 662, 663, 665, 666,
69), Flores (Santa Cruz) (Azevedo and 667, 715, 719.
Gofas, 1990: 85), Pico (Baía de Sao Comments: common in sheltered
Pedro, Lajes do Pico) (Azevedo, 1990: places,especiallyunderrocks.Sometimes
59), Sao Miguel (Caloura, -4m; Vila presentinlargenumbersintheintertidal
Franca, -9m, -24m "Biagores" 1971 expe- zone,togetherwithFossarusambiguus(Lin-
dition; Ponta da Galera, íntertidal; naeus, 1758) and Cingula trifasciata
Cápelas, intertidal; Agua d'Alto, interti- (Adams, 1798)(GOFAS, 1990).Itissimilar
dal; Calheta - PontaDelgada, íntertidal), toAlvaniamanzonia(Nordsieck, 1972)from
Faial (Horta, -7m), Terceira (Praia da the Canary Islands and Selvagens, and
Vitoria; Cais da Silveira; Pedra Furada - resembles alsoAlvania leacocki (Watson,
AngradoHeroísmo);Flores(SantaCruz) 1873), fromMadeira (Gofas, 1989).
mm
(Gofas, 1989: 39; 1990: 110), Sao Miguel Dimensions: up to 2.7 long, 1.5
mm
(mediolittoral of Caloura; infralittoral of wide.
Caloura and Ribeirinha) (Azevedo, Geographicdistribution:AzoresandMa-
1991a: 21), Santa María (Vila do Porto, deiraarchipelago(CANCAPexpeditions,
Ponta do Marváo) (Azevedo, 1991b: 44), Sta. 1.D48, 0-22m/l specimen;Sta.l.K14,
IlhéudeVilaFranca (Bullock, 1995: 16), atshore/1andSta.1.K16,atshore/2)(Ho-
Pico(mediolittoral)(Ávila, 1996:27)and enselaarandGoud, 1998: 91).
AlvaniapouchetiDautzenberg, 1889
ReferencestotheAzores:
Alvania poucheti Dautzenberg, 1889: 49-50; Bullocket al, 1990: 45; Gofas, 1990: 108; Morton and
Britton, 1995: 70;Knudsen, 1995: 141;Ávila, 1996:27;ÁvilaandAzevedo, 1996: 106;Ávilaand
Azevedo, 1997:326;Ávilaetal, 1998:497;HoenselaarandGoud, 1998:99.
Alvaniapouchetivar.cinguliferaDautzenberg, 1889:50.
58
ÁVILA: Theshallow-water Rissoidae oftheAzores andsome aspects oftheir ecology
Occurrence: Sao Miguel (Dautzen- (intertidal)(Ávila, 1996:27), Pico(Ávila
BERG, 1889: 49-50), Sao Miguel (Ponta da ANDAzEVEDO, 1996: 106),Formigasislets
Galera;Queimada, Aguad'Alto; Mostei- (ÁvilaANDAzevedo, 1997: 326), Flores
ros;IlhéudeVilaFranca)(Bullocketal., (Ávila et al., 1998: 497) and Azores
1990: 45), Sao Miguel (Cápelas, -24m (CANCAP expeditions) (Hoenselaar
("Biagores" 1971 expedition);Feteiras,-15 ANDGoud, 1998: 99).
to -22m; Ponta Delgada, -10 to -20m; DBUA119, 173, 240, 350, 352, 353, 355,
Lagoa; Ilhéu de Vila Franca, -Im; Ponta 447,465,493,499,500,556,563,570,631,666.
da Pirámide, -13m; Calheta, Ponta MCM(HN)3, 11, 107, 108.
Delgada; Ponta da Galera, -13 to -18m), Comments: usually associated with
Faial(Horta,-17and-20m),Terceira(Praia brownalgae. Itmay occur at20mdepth,
da Vitoria; Angra do Heroísmo, Pedra butis commonestinthefirst lOm.
Furada) (Gofas, 1990: 108), Sao Miguel Dimensions: up to 2.2mm long,
(offVilaFrancadoCampo)(Mortonand 1.3mmwide.
Britton, 1995: 70), Sao Miguel (Ilhéu de Geographic distribution: endemic to
Vila Franca) (Knudsen, 1995: 141), Pico theAzores.
Alvania sleursi (Amati, 1987)
ReferencestotheAzores:
(?)Rissoa(Alvania)hispidulaMonterosato:Watson, 1886:593(misidentification).
AlvaniahiñaMonterosato:DautzenbergandFischer, 1896:456(misidentification).
ManzoniasleursiAmati, 1987:25-30.
Alvania sleursi (Amati, 1987): Gofas, 1990: 107; Knudsen, 1995: 142; Ávila, 1996: 27; Ávila and
Azevedo, 1996: 106;ÁvilaandAzevedo, 1997:326.
Occurrence: Faial (-823 to -914 m) DBUA 173, 335, 340, 341, 342, 343,
(Watson, 1886: 593), Banco Princesa 350, 352, 353, 355, 446, 448, 458, 459, 493,
Alice (st. 46, -1385 m) (Dautzenberg 496,499, 500, 666, 667, 719.
AND Fischer, 1896: 456), Sao Miguel MCM(HN)40.
(Ponta da Galera, -7 to -8m, -13 to -18m Comments: occurs from the intertidal
and -20m; Vila Franca, -24m; Morro das to 45m depth, being more abundant on
Cápelas, -15 to-20m; Lagoa, -10 to -22m; rockyshores,between-10to-20m.Hoen-
Feteiras, -15 to-22m; Ponta daPirámide, selaarandGoud(1998)reportedthisspe-
-13m; Ilhéu de Vila Franca, -Im), Pico (- cies to Selvagens archipelago (CANCAP
1287m), Terceira (Angra do Heroísmo, expeditions,Sta.3070,645mdepth/8speci-
Pedra Furada; Praia da Vitoria), Flores mens;Sta.3072,830m/3;Sta.3087,322m/8,
(SantaCruz, -40m) (Gofas, 1990: 107), Il- withallspecimensstronmglmyeroded).mm
héudeVilaFranca(Knudsen, 1995: 142), Dimensions:upto2.5 long,1.6
Pico (intertidal) (Ávila, 1996: 27), Pico wide.
(Ávila and Azevedo, 1996: 106) and Geographicdistribution:AzoresandSel-
Formigas islets (Ávila and Azevedo, vagens archipelago (Hoenselaarand
1997: 326). Goud, 1998: 103).
Alvania tarsodes (V^atson, 1886)
ReferencestotheAzores:
Rissoa(Alvania)tarsodesWatson, 1886:595,pl.XLIV,fig.2.
Alvaniatarsodes(Watson, 1886):BouchetandWarén,1993:642;HoenselaarandGoud, 1998: 106.
Occurrence:Azores,from35mdepthto Comments: although first reported to
620m(HoenselaarANDGoud,1998:106). be a bathyal species (480-1385m depth.
59
Iberus, 18 (2), 2000
BOUCHET AND WARÉN, 1993), HOENSE- 52m/4; Sta. 5100, 55m/l and Sta. 5113,
LAARAND GouD (1998) have found spe- 45m/l).
cimens in some shallow samples of the Dimensions: 2.2mm long, 1.3mm
CANCAP expeditions (Sta. 5033, 35m/3 wide (Watson, 1886).
specimens; Sta. 5039, 43m/8; Sta. 5040, Geographic distrihution: restricted to
41-47m/8; Sta. 5050, 55m/3; Sta. 5096, theAzores.
Botryphaílus Ponder, 1990
Botryphallus ovummuscae (Gofas, 1990)
ReferencestotheAzores:
PermgiellanítidaBrusina:Dautzenberg,1889:53.
Cingula(Peringiella)nítida(Brusina)Monterosato:Martins, 1980:5.
"Peringiella"sp.:AzevedoandGofas, 1990:85.
"Peringiella"ovummuscae(Gofas, 1990):Gofas, 1990: 119-121,fig. 11.
Botryphallusovummuscae(Gofas, 1990):Ávila,1996:27;1998:466;ÁvilaandAzevedo, 1996: 106.
Occurrence:Faial(-15to-20m)andSao DBUA 209, 493, 499, 500, 659, 661,
Miguel (Dautzenberg, 1889, p. 53), Ter- 662, 665, 666, 715.
ceira(PogadosFrades,Silveira;Caminho Comments: according to Gofas
deBaixo,SaoMateus)eSaoMiguel(Agua (1990), there are related species in the
d'Alto; Pópulo;Atalhada, Lagoa) (Mar- Straits of Gibraltar (Peringiella epidaurica
tins, 1980, pp. 9-16), Flores (Santa Cruz, Brusina, 1886), at Madeira and also on
mediolittoral)(AzevedoandGofas, 1990: the Canary Islands (in this last archipe-
85), SaoMiguel (PontadaGalera,interti- lago there are two species similar to the
dal; Calheta, Ponta Delgada), Terceira Azoreanone).
mm
(Porto Martins), Flores (Santa Cruz, up- Dimensions: up to 1.3 long, 0.7
mm
perintertidalzone), (Gofas, 1990,p. 120), wide.
Pico(intertidal)(Ávila, 1996:27;1998:466) Geographic distrihution: endemic to
andPico(ÁvilaandAzevedo, 1996: 106). theAzores.
Cingula Fleming, 1828
Cingula ordinaria Smith
ReferencestotheAzores:
CingulaordinariaSmith:Chapman, 1955:803.
Occurrence: Faial (Feteira, mid-tide) represents Cingula trifasciata (J. Adams,
(Chapman, 1955: 803). 1800), the only representative of this
Comments: this species was pro- genus that lives at theAzores Archipe-
bably misidentified. Most probably, it lago.
Cingula trifasciata Adams, 1800)
(J.
ReferencestotheAzores:
Rissoa(Cingula)cingillusMontagu, 1803:MacAndrew, 1856: 148.
CingulacingillusMontagu,1803:Dautzenberg, 1889:52;Knudsen, 1995: 143.
Rissoa(Cingula)cingillusMontagu, 1803:Nobre, 1924:80;1930:57.
Cingula(Cingula)cingillus(Montagu, 1803):Martins, 1980:5;LemosandViegas, 1987:65.
Cingulatrifasciata(Adams, 1798):AzevedoandGofas, 1990:85.
60