the sexual person Moral Traditions Series James F. Keenan, SJ, Series Editor AmericanProtestantEthicsandtheLegacyofH.RichardNiebuhr WilliamWerpehowski AquinasandEmpowerment:ClassicalEthicsforOrdinaryLives G.SimonHarak,SJ,Editor Aquinas,Feminism,andtheCommonGood SusanneM.DeCrane TheBanalityofGoodandEvil:MoralLessonsfromtheShoahandJewishTradition DavidR.Blumenthal BridgingtheSacredandtheSecular:SelectedWritingsofJohnCourtneyMurray J.LeonHooper,SJ,Editor ACalltoFidelity:OntheMoralTheologyofCharlesE.Curran JamesJ.Walter,TimothyE.O’Connell,andThomasA.Shannon,Editors CatholicMoralTheologyintheUnitedStates:AHistory CharlesE.Curran TheCatholicMoralTraditionToday:ASynthesis CharlesE.Curran CatholicSocialTeaching,1891–Present:AHistorical,Theological,andEthicalAnalysis CharlesE.Curran TheChristianCaseforVirtueEthics JosephJ.KotvaJr. TheContextofCasuistry JamesF.Keenan,SJ,andThomasA.Shannon,Editors ForewordbyAlbertR.Jonsen TheCriticalCalling:ReflectionsonMoralDilemmasSinceVaticanII RichardA.McCormick,SJ ForewordbyLisaSowleCahill DefendingProbabilism:TheMoralTheologyofJuanCaramuel JuliaA.Fleming DemocracyonPurpose:JusticeandtheRealityofGod FranklinI.Gamwell EthicsandEconomicsofAssistedReproduction:TheCostofLonging MauraA.Ryan TheEthicsofAquinas StephenJ.Pope,Editor TheEvolutionofAltruismandtheOrderingofLove StephenJ.Pope TheFellowshipofLife:VirtueEthicsandOrthodoxChristianity JosephWoodill FeministEthicsandNaturalLaw:TheEndoftheAnathemas CristinaL.H.Traina TheGlobalFaceofPublicFaith:Politics,HumanRights,andChristianEthics DavidHollenbach,SJ TheGroundBeneaththeCross:TheTheologyofIgnacioEllacur´ıa KevinF.Burke,SJ Heroes,Saints,andOrdinaryMorality AndrewMichaelFlescher IntroductiontoJewishandCatholicBioethics:AComparativeAnalysis AaronL.Mackler JewishandCatholicBioethics:AnEcumenicalDialogue EdmundD.PellegrinoandAlanI.Faden,Editors JohnCuthbertFord,SJ:MoralTheologianattheEndoftheManualistEra EricMarceloO.Genilo,SJ JohnPaulIIandtheLegacyofDignitatisHumanae Herm´ınioRico,SJ JosefFuchsonNaturalLaw MarkGraham Love,HumanandDivine:TheHeartofChristianEthics EdwardCollinsVacek,SJ LoyalDissent:MemoirofaCatholicTheologian CharlesE.Curran MedicineandtheEthicsofCare DianaFritzCatesandPaulLauritzen,Editors TheMoralTheologyofPopeJohnPaulII CharlesE.Curran TheOriginsofMoralTheologyintheUnitedStates:ThreeDifferentApproaches CharlesE.Curran OvercomingOurEvil:HumanNatureandSpiritualExercisesinXunziandAugustine AaronStalnaker PropheticandPublic:TheSocialWitnessofU.S.Catholicism KristinHeyer TheSexualPerson:TowardaRenewedCatholicAnthropology ToddA.SalzmanandMichaelG.Lawler ShapingtheMoralLife:AnApproachtoMoralTheology KlausDemmer,MSC JamesF.Keenan,SJ,Editor TheologicalBioethics:Participation,Justice,andChange LisaSowleCahill TheologyforaLiberatingChurch:TheNewPraxisofFreedom AlfredT.Hennelly,SJ UnitedStatesWelfarePolicy:ACatholicResponse ThomasJ.Massaro,SJ WhoCountasPersons?HumanIdentityandtheEthicsofKilling JohnF.Kavanaugh,SJ More praise for The Sexual Person ‘‘ThissuperbvolumecourageouslyexploresCatholicteachingonsexualethics.The authors’explorationofthebiological,relational,andspiritualdimensionsofhuman sexualityengagesCatholicteachingrespectfully,critically,andcreatively.Thebook isasignificantcontributiontobothsexualethicsandmoraltheologygenerally.’’ —PaulLauritzen,director,PrograminAppliedEthics, JohnCarrollUniversity ‘‘Thisbookisamuch-neededcontributiontothecontemporaryCatholicdiscussion of sexual ethics. The authors utilize the most recent sociological and psychological datatosupplementtheircarefulparsingoftheCatholictheologyofsex,gender,and embodiment. It is a work that manages to be highly theoretical while addressing everydayconcernsaboutpremaritalsex,contraception,homosexuality,divorce,and reproductivetechnology. SalzmanandLawlerembracethe modeloftheologyasdialogue,andasaresult, theirtreatmentofbothtraditionalistandrevisionistviewsabouthumansexualityis constructive and helpful. They succeed in moving a seemingly stalled conversation forward.’’ —AlineKalbian,associateprofessor,DepartmentofReligion, FloridaStateUniversity ‘‘A bold and brave book! Tightly argued and well documented, this book lays out anunderstandingofhumansexualitythatexpressestheprofoundworkthattheolo- gians do on behalf of the Church in order to find ever better understandings of whattheChurch teachesinlightof the witnessofscripture,the tradition,and our understandingofhumanexperience.’’ —RichardM.Gula,SS,TheFranciscanSchoolofTheology, GraduateTheologicalUnion the sexual person TOWARD A RENEWED CATHOLIC ANTHROPOLOGY Todd A. Salzman and Michael G. Lawler Georgetown University Press / Washington, D.C. GeorgetownUniversityPress,Washington,D.C.www.press.georgetown.edu (cid:2)2008byGeorgetownUniversityPress.Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybe reproducedorutilizedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,including photocopyingandrecording,orbyanyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem,without permissioninwritingfromthepublisher. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Salzman,ToddA. Thesexualperson:towardarenewedCatholicanthropology/ToddA. SalzmanandMichaelG.Lawler. p. cm.—(Moraltraditionsseries) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN-13:978–1-58901–207–3(cloth:alk.paper) ISBN-13:978–1-58901–208–0(pbk.:alk.paper) 1.Sex—Religiousaspects—CatholicChurch. 2.Catholic Church—Doctrines. I.Lawler,MichaelG. II.Title. BX1795.S48S25 2008 241(cid:2).66088282—dc22 2007046198 (cid:3)(cid:3) Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepapermeetingtherequirementsoftheAmerican NationalStandardforPermanenceinPaperforPrintedLibraryMaterials. 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 Firstprinting PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Toourwives,KatySalzmanandSueLawler,andtothepeopleof OldParish,CountyWaterford,Ireland: Bamhaithlinn a´rmbu´ıochasaghabha´ıldomhuintir ant-Sean Phobaldonf´eilechinea´ltaagusdonchairdeasad’fhoghlaimear WeexpressourgratitudetothepeopleofOldParishfortheir kindhospitalityandfriendship Contents ForewordbyCharlesE.Curran xi Prologue 1 One SexualMoralityintheCatholicTradition:ABriefHistory 6 Historicity 6 SexualityandSexualEthicsinAncientGreeceandRome 9 SexualityandSexualEthicsintheCatholicTradition 11 ReadingSacredScripture 12 TheFathersoftheChurch 25 ThePenitentials 32 ScholasticDoctrine 35 TheModernPeriod 37 Conclusion 46 Two NaturalLawandSexualAnthropology:Catholic Traditionalists 48 ‘‘Nature’’Defined 48 TheRevisionofCatholicMoralTheology 55 NaturalLawandSexualAnthropology 57 TraditionalistsandSexualAnthropology 57 Conclusion 91 Three NaturalLawandSexualAnthropology:CatholicRevisionists 93 RevisionistCritiquesofTraditionalistAnthropologies 93 KarlRahner:TranscendentalFreedom 95 RevisionistsandSexualAnthropology 102 Conclusion 123 Four UnitiveSexualMorality:ARevisedFoundationalPrinciple andAnthropology 124 GaudiumetspesandaFoundationalSexualPrinciple 124 ix
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