The Seth MacFarlane Collection of the Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan Archive

233 Pages·2017·0.7 MB·English

The Seth MacFarlane Collection of the Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan
Archive
A Finding Aid to the Collection in the Library of Congress
Manuscript Division, Library of Congress
Washington, D.C.
2017
Revised 2017 May
Contact information:
http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/mss.contact
Additional search options available at:
http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/eadmss.ms013113
LC Online Catalog record:
http://lccn.loc.gov/mm2011085590
Prepared by Connie L. Cartledge, Karen Linn Femia, Melinda K. Friend, Laura J. Kells, Kathleen O'Neill,
and Karen Stuart, with the assistance of Thomas Bigley, Maria Farmer, Rosa Hernandez, Sherralyn
McCoy, Brian McGuire, Jewel McPherson, Dan Oleksiw, Kimberly Owens, Tammi Taylor, and Prints and
Photographs Division staff who processed the photographs and visual materials
Collection Summary
Title: The Seth MacFarlane Collection of the Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan Archive
Span Dates: 1860-2004
Bulk Dates: (bulk 1962-1997)
ID No.: MSS85590
Creator: Sagan, Carl, 1934-1996
Creator: Druyan, Ann, 1949-
Extent: 595,000 items ; 1,705 containers plus 1 classified, 38 oversize, and 19,163 digital files (242.6 MB) ; 690.6 linear
feet ; 1 microfilm reel
Language: Collection material in English, Russian, and German
Location: Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.
Summary: Astronomer, author, and educator (Carl Sagan). Author and television producer (Ann Druyan).
Correspondence, memoranda, scripts, notes, subject files, course files, articles, book drafts and resource material, reports,
organization files, biographical material, clippings, printed matter, slides and transparencies, photographs and negatives,
electronic files, and other material documenting Sagan's career as a scientist and educator and the collaboration of Sagan
and Druyan on articles, books, television shows, movies, and other projects.
Selected Search Terms
The following terms have been used to index the description of this collection in the Library's online catalog. They are
grouped by name of person or organization, by subject or location, and by occupation and listed alphabetically therein.
People
Abell, George O. (George Ogden), 1927-1983--Correspondence.
Ackerman, Diane, 1948- --Correspondence.
Agel, Jerome--Correspondence.
Asimov, Isaac, 1920-1992--Correspondence.
Chyba, Christopher F.--Correspondence.
Clarke, Arthur C. (Arthur Charles), 1917-2008--Correspondence.
Drake, Frank D.--Correspondence.
Druyan, Ann, 1949- Seth MacFarlane collection of the Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan archive. 1860-2004.
Ferris, Timothy--Correspondence.
Friedman, Louis--Correspondence.
Gore, Albert, 1948- --Correspondence.
Grinspoon, David Harry--Correspondence.
Grinspoon, Lester, 1928- --Correspondence.
Haines-Stiles, Geoffrey--Correspondence.
Hart, Gary, 1936-
Khare, Bishun N. (Bishun Narain), 1933-2013--Correspondence.
Lederberg, Joshua--Correspondence.
Lee, Gentry--Correspondence.
Lomberg, Jon, 1948- --Correspondence.
MacFarlane, Seth, 1973- Seth MacFarlane collection of the Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan archive. 1860-2004.
Malone, Adrian--Correspondence.
Marov, Mikhail I͡Akovlevich--Correspondence.
Mondale, Walter F., 1928-
Morrison, David, 1940- --Correspondence.
Murray, Bruce C.--Correspondence.
Mutch, Thomas A., 1931- --Correspondence.
Obst, Lynda Rosen--Correspondence.
Pollack, James B.--Correspondence.
Sagan, Carl, 1934-1996.
Sagan, Carl, 1934-1996. Contact : a novel. 1985.
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Sagan, Carl, 1934-1996. Cosmos. 1980.
Sagan, Carl, 1934-1996. Dragons of Eden : speculations on the evolution of human intelligence. 1977.
Sagan, Carl, 1934-1996. Pale blue dot : a vision of the human future in space. 1994.
Sagan, Carl, 1934-1996. Path where no man thought : nuclear winter and the end of the arms race. 1990.
Sagan, Carl, 1934-1996. Shadows of forgotten ancestors : a search for who we are. 1992.
Sagdeev, R. Z. (Renad Zinnurovich), 1941- --Correspondence.
Soter, Steven--Correspondence.
Squyres, Steven W.--Correspondence.
Teller, Edward, 1908-2003--Correspondence.
Terzian, Yervant, 1939- --Correspondence.
Thompson, W. Reid (William Reid), 1952- --Correspondence.
Toon, O. B.--Correspondence.
Turco, Richard P., 1943- --Correspondence.
Tyson, Neil deGrasse--Correspondence.
Veverka, Joseph--Correspondence.
Wirth, Timothy E.--Correspondence.
Organizations
American Association for the Advancement of Science.
American Astronomical Society.
American Geophysical Union.
Carl Sagan Productions.
Conference on the Long-Term Worldwide Biological Consequences of Nuclear War (1983 : Cambridge, Mass.)
Cornell University--Faculty.
Cornell University. Center for Radiophysics and Space Research.
Cornell University. Laboratory for Planetary Studies.
Galileo Project.
GCA Corporation.
Harvard University--Faculty.
International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life.
Planetary Society.
Project Apollo (U.S.)
Project Mariner (U.S.)
Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory.
United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
University of California, Berkeley.
University of Chicago.
Viking Mars Program (U.S.)
Voyager Project.
Subjects
Abortion.
Antinuclear movement.
Astronautics.
Astronauts--Training of.
Astronomy--Societies, etc.
Astronomy.
Biology.
Climatic changes.
Creationism.
Drug control--United States.
Environmental policy--United States.
Evolution (Biology)
Exobiology.
Inner planets--Exploration.
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Interplanetary voyages.
Interstellar communication.
Nuclear warfare--Environmental aspects.
Nuclear weapons--Nevada--Testing.
Nuclear weapons.
Nuclear winter.
Outer planets--Exploration.
Outer space--Exploration.
Pioneer Project.
Planetary science--Societies, etc.
Planetary science.
Planets--Atmospheres.
Planets--Exploration.
Presidents--United States--Election--1984.
Satellites.
Science--Popular works.
Science--Societies, etc.
Science--Study and teaching.
Science.
Space flight.
Space sciences.
Strategic Defense Initiative.
Unidentified flying objects.
Places
Jupiter (Planet)--Exploration.
Mars (Planet)--Exploration.
Mars (Planet)--Surface.
Nevada Test Site (Nev.)
Saturn (Planet)--Exploration.
Titan (Satellite)
United States--Politics and government--20th century.
United States--Social conditions--20th century.
United States--Social policy--20th century.
Uranus (Planet)--Exploration.
Venus (Planet)--Exploration.
Titles
Cosmos (Television program)
Finding Our Place in the Cosmos: From Galileo to Sagan and Beyond
Murmurs of Earth : the Voyager interstellar record.
Planetary report.
Occupations
Astronomers.
Authors.
Educators.
Television producers.
Administrative Information
Provenance
The papers of Carl Sagan, astronomer, author, and educator, and Ann Druyan, author and television producer, were
purchased by Seth MacFarlane for the Library of Congress in 2012.
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Processing History
The papers of Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan were processed in 2013. The finding aid was revised in 2017 to include a
description of the Digital Files and to indicate the expiration of restrictions for the television and book files relating to
“Nucleus.”
Transfers
Items have been transferred from the Manuscript Division to other custodial divisions of the Library. Sound recordings,
films, videotapes, and videodiscs have been transferred to the Motion Picture, Broadcasting, and Recorded Sound Division.
Books and technical reports have been transferred to the Science and Technology Division, and some books have been
made available as part of the Manuscript Division Reading Room reference collection. One comic book, “Man with Head
of Saturn,” has been transferred to the Serial & Government Publications Division. All transfers are identified in these
divisions as part of the Seth MacFarlane Collection of the Carl Sagan and Druyan Archive.
Copyright Status
Copyright in the unpublished writings of Carl Sagan and Ann Druyan in these papers and in other collections in the custody
of the Library of Congress is reserved. Consult reference staff in the Manuscript Division for further information.
Access and Restrictions
Restrictions apply governing the use, photoduplication, or publication of items in this collection. Consult reference staff in
the Manuscript Division for information concerning these restrictions. In addition, many collections are stored off-site and
advance notice is needed to retrieve these items for research use.
Security Classified Documents
Government regulations control the use of security classified items in this collection. Manuscript Division staff can furnish
information concerning access to and use of classified material.
Digital Format
Digital files were received as part of the papers of Seth MacFarlane Collection of the Carl Sagan and Druyan Archive.
Consult reference staff in the Manuscript Division for more information.
Microfilm
Microfilm on one reel was received as part of the papers of the Seth MacFarlane Collection of the Carl Sagan and Druyan
Archive and is listed and described in this finding aid. This microfilm is not available for interlibrary loan.
Online Content
Part of the papers of Seth MacFarlane Collection of the Carl Sagan and Druyan Archive are available on the Library of
Congress Web site at http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.mss/collmss.ms000030.
Preferred Citation
Researchers wishing to cite this collection should include the following information: Container, reel, or digital ID number,
Seth MacFarlane Collection of the Carl Sagan and Druyan Archive, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress,
Washington, D.C.
Biographical Note
Carl Sagan
Date Event
1934, Nov. 9 Born, New York, N.Y.
1954 A.B., University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.
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1955 B.S., University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.
1956 M.S., University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.
1957 Married Lynn Alexander (divorced 1963)
1960 Ph. D., University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.
1960-1962 Miller Fellow, University of California, Berkeley, Calif.
1962-1968 Assistant professor, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.
Astrophysicist, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, Mass.
1966 Published with I. S. Shklovskii Intelligent Life in the Universe. San Francisco: Holden-Day
1968 Married Linda Salzman (divorced 1981)
1968-1970 Associate professor of astronomy and space sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
Research associate, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
1968-1974 Vice chairman, working group on Moon and Planets, Space Organization, International Council of
Scientific Unions
1968-1996 Professor of astronomy and space sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
Director, Laboratory for Planetary Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
1967-1972 Lecturer, Apollo flight crews, National Aeronautics and Space Agency
1971 Chairman and United States delegate, Joint Conference on United States and Soviet Academies of
Science on Communications with Extraterrestrial Intelligence
1972 Awarded NASA Medal for Exceptional Scientific Achievement for the Mariner 9 mission to Mars
1973 Editor, Communication with Extraterrestrial Intelligence (CETI). Cambridge: MIT Press
Published The Cosmic Connection; An Extraterrestrial Perspective. Garden City, N.Y.: Anchor
Press
1972-1981 Associate director, Center for Radiophysics and Space Research, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
1976-1996 David Duncan professor, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.
1977 Published Dragons of Eden: Speculations on the Evolution of Human Intelligence. New York:
Random House; awarded Pulitzer Prize
Awarded NASA Medal for Distinguished Public Service
1978-1985 President of the CETI Foundation
1979-1990s President of the Planetary Society
1980 Premier of Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, a television series for the Public Broadcasting Service
that Sagan hosted
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1981 Married Ann Druyan
Awarded NASA Medal for Distinguished Public Service
1986-1990s Visiting scientist, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.
1990 Awarded Oersted Medal, American Association of Physics Teachers
1994 Received Public Welfare Medal, National Academy of Sciences
1996, Dec. 20 Died, Seattle, Washington
Ann Druyan
Date Event
1949, June 13 Born, Queens, N.Y.
1967-1971 Attended New York University, New York, N.Y.
1977 Published A Famous Broken Heart: A Fantasy Novel. New York: Stonehill Publishing Co.
Served as creative director of the Voyager Interstellar Record Project
1978 Published with Carl Sagan Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar Record. New York:
Random House
1980 Premier of Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, the television series that she co-wrote with Sagan and
Steven Soter
1981 Married Carl Sagan
1985 Published with Carl Sagan Comet. New York: Random House
1986 Writer and producer of “Confessions of a Weaponeer,” an episode of NOVA for the Public
Broadcasting Service network
1992 Published with Carl Sagan Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors: A Search for Who We Are. New
York: Random House
1997 Premier of Contact, a motion picture in which she served as co-producer and co-creator, based on
a story co-written with Sagan
2002 Co-writer for the documentary “The Search for Life: Are We Alone?”
2006 Edited, The Varieties of Scientific Experience: A Personal View for the Search for God. New
York: Penguin Press
2012- Writer and producer of a new television series Cosmos to premier on Fox in 2014
Scope and Content Note
The papers of Carl Edward Sagan (1934-1996) and Ann Marcia Druyan (1949- ) span the years 1860-2004 with the
majority concentrated between 1962 and 1997. The bulk of the collection documents Sagan's career as an astronomer,
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astrobiologist, science educator, television personality, and author. The papers chronicle his work as a professor at Harvard
University and Cornell University, as a consultant and adviser to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(NASA), and as a popularizer of science through the television series Cosmos: A Personal Voyage, and as an author of
numerous articles and best-selling books. The collection also documents the collaboration of Sagan and Druyan, author,
producer, and wife of Sagan, on television programs, films, articles, books, the Voyager interstellar record, and their
activities in opposition to nuclear weapons. The papers are in English, Russian, and German and are organized into the
following series: Correspondence , Academic File , National Aeronautics and Space Administration File , Television and
Film File , Subject File , Anti-Nuclear Activism File , The Planetary Society , Organizations File , Writings File , Speech
and Engagement File , Miscellany , Photographs and Visual Materials , Artifacts , Classified , Oversize , and Digital Files .
The Correspondence series, 1952-1998, documents Sagan's activities and interests primarily from his time at Harvard
University until his untimely death in 1996 and includes some correspondence of Druyan dating chiefly from 1976-1998.
The Correspondence is organized into five categories: alphabetical file, chronological file, fan mail, “fissured ceramics,”
general, and get-well letters. The alphabetical file contains incoming and outgoing letters with friends, colleagues,
scientists, politicians, government officials, entertainers, authors, journalists, publishers, students and former students of
Sagan, and a few family letters. Arranged in four sets, the alphabetical file consists chiefly of correspondents that the Sagan
staff considered well known and individuals that Sagan and Druyan knew personally. The general correspondence includes
letters from colleagues, scientists, politicians, government officials, acquaintances, and the public. Filing in the alphabetical
and general correspondence was inconsistent; some names appear in both files. Interfiled in the alphabetical file are
newspaper clippings and magazine articles about correspondents, copies of their writings, and other material relating to
them.
The alphabetical file and general correspondence relate chiefly to discussions about scientific findings and ideas as well as
scientific projects and proposals (including NASA projects such as the Viking and Voyager missions), and requests to
involve Sagan and Druyan in speech and writing projects, political causes, entertainment ventures, and other proposals.
Also included are letters documenting Sagan and Druyan's activities surrounding their opposition to nuclear weapons and
weapons testing.
Correspondence in the chronological file is organized into incoming and outgoing mail. The incoming correspondence
consists chiefly of letters that were not filed by Sagan's staff. Most of the outgoing correspondence documents the daily
output of letters sent by him. Sometimes a copy of an incoming letter is included (the original is located in the alphabetical
or general correspondence) with an outgoing response. The outgoing chronological file is organized into four groups:
confidential, Cornell University, general, and personal. The confidential letters relate primarily to financial and legal issues
about writing projects, Cosmos, Carl Sagan Productions, and a few personal legal matters. The personal outgoing responses
contain letters to family and friends up to Sagan's death in 1996.
Fan mail in the Correspondence series consists primarily of responses to Sagan's writings and television appearances,
including some for Cosmos. The majority of fan mail for Cosmos is located in the Television and Film series. The
Correspondence series also contains a file of what Sagan considered crank mail, which he called “fissured ceramics.”
Following a systematic sample taken by Library staff of the “fissured ceramic” mail, ten percent of that correspondence was
retained. Only a portion of the crank mail was received by the Library; a note found with the collection indicated that some
crank mail was disposed of by Sagan's staff.
The Academic File , 1952-1996, documents Sagan's endeavors as a student, university fellow in astronomy, and as a
professor. Most of the papers document Sagan's tenure as a professor of astronomy and space sciences at Cornell
University, 1968-1996; the director of its Laboratory for Planetary Studies, 1968-1996; and associate director of the Center
for Radiophysics and Space Research, 1972-1981. The Cornell files contain lecture notes, class assignments, and resource
material for various astronomy classes including Sagan's critical thinking class, Astronomy 490.
Grants and proposals comprise the bulk of the Academic File . They document Sagan's efforts to gain financial support for
his research and the budgetary reporting and supporting documentation required when grants were obtained. Topics
featured are comparative planetology, exobiology, satellites and planetary atmospheres, and NASA projects relating to
Galileo, Mariner 9, Viking, and Voyager. The Cornell files include faculty, staff, and student materials that overlap with the
Correspondence series. A subject file in the Cornell files further chronicles Sagan's activities and interests while a professor
there.
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The Academic File also treats Sagan's career at Harvard University, his work as a consultant for the GCA Corporation, and
as a staff member of the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory. The latter are filed with the Harvard papers. Also in the
Academic File are notes, notebooks, and student papers from Sagan's graduate and undergraduate work at the University of
Chicago, 1954-1960, his fellowship at the University of California, Berkeley, 1960-1962, and class papers from Sagan's
Harvard students, David Morrison and James B. Pollack, with whom he later collaborated on many scientific papers and
projects.
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration File , 1954-1996, pertains to Sagan's work as an adviser and consultant
to NASA, including on the Mariner 9 and Viking missions. The Viking landers were the first spacecrafts to land
successfully on Mars. The files document Sagan's service as a member of the team to select a landing site for the Viking
missions and his role as a member of the imaging team that designed the system to photograph the planet's surface. Also
featured are files pertaining to Sagan's proposed biology briefing for the Apollo astronauts in 1967, and his contributions to
the Voyager mission to the outer solar system, the Galileo mission to Jupiter, and as a designer of interstellar messages for
Pioneer 10 and Pioneer 11. Files relating to the Voyager interstellar record, audio records designed by Sagan, Druyan,
Timothy Ferris (writer), Frank D. Drake (astronomer), Jon Lomberg (artist), and Linda Salzman (artist and wife of Sagan at
the time), are located in the Writings File series under the book entitled Murmurs of Earth: The Voyager Interstellar
Record.
The Television and Film File , 1945-2000, documents the thirteen-part series Cosmos (written by Sagan, Druyan and
Steven Soter) that first aired in late 1980. As host of the awarding-winning program, Sagan attracted wide public
recognition and a large volume of fan mail. The Cosmos files include correspondence and production files (treatment, script
drafts, storyboards, episode files, files on art and special effects, research, and location filming) as well as publicity and
press material. The book Cosmos is filed under books in the Writings File . Another project featured in the series is the
movie Contact that premiered in 1997. The files include Sagan and Druyan's treatment for the movie in 1980, transcripts of
story and script meetings in 1994, various versions of the film script from 1993-1997, and discussions of the artwork and
graphics for the film.
The Television and Film File also features files pertaining to Carl Sagan Productions, a corporation formed by Sagan and
Gentry Lee to promote the popularization of science. Also chronicled in the series is the television project “Nucleus,” an
unfinished writing collaboration by Sagan, Druyan, and Steven Soter about the nuclear arms race. The “Nucleus” files
chronicle the effort to get the show funded and produced and contain treatment and episode files, advisory board minutes,
and a large amount of resource material. Sagan's appearances on The Tonight Show are represented in the alphabetical file
of the Correspondence series and by date of appearance in the Speech and Engagement File .
The Subject File , circa 1860-1998, mainly documents scientific topics but also treats political and social issues. Topics
featured include creationism/evolution, Mars, Titan, drug policy, nuclear war and nuclear winter (the effect of a nuclear
exchange between countries on the global climate), unidentified flying objects, and the environment. An extensive press
file, consisting chiefly of newspaper and magazine clippings, chronicles Sagan's research and writing projects, television
appearances, and public profiles. The nuclear files in the Subject File overlap with the Anti-Nuclear Activism File .
Papers in the Anti-Nuclear Activism File , 1943-1992, pertain to Sagan and Druyan's opposition to nuclear weapons,
weapons testing, and the Strategic Defense Initiative proposed by President Ronald Reagan. The series contains the
correspondence, transcripts, and drafts relating to the Conference on the Long-Term Worldwide Biological Consequences
of Nuclear War held in Cambridge, Massachusetts, in 1983. At the conference Sagan and his colleagues, Richard P. Turco,
O. B. Toon, Thomas P. Ackerman, and James B. Pollack, discussed publicly for the first time their paper about nuclear
winter. They suggested that after “a major nuclear exchange, smoke and dust may darken the earth for weeks and cause a
prolonged period of sub-freezing temperatures.” The “TTAPS” paper, named for the initials of the authors, was later
published in Science in December 1983. Nuclear winter became a controversial topic on which Sagan wrote and lectured.
Documented in the files is Sagan's debate before Congress in 1984 with Edward Teller, one of the inventors of the
hydrogen bomb. Also chronicled is the couple's civil disobedience at the Nevada test site in 1986 and 1987 and their
involvement in the 1984 presidential campaign supporting Gary Hart and later Walter F. Mondale.
Files in The Planetary Society , 1907-1997, document Sagan's activities as a co-founder and president of the organization.
The Planetary Society was created in 1979 as a space-interest group to promote space exploration and the search for
extraterrestrial life. The series contains many files relating to the exploration of Mars and The Planetary Report, the
society's publication of which Sagan was a frequent contributor.
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The Organizations File , 1958-1997, reflects Sagan's contributions as a member and leader of scientific and astronomical
organizations such as the American Astronomical Society, American Geophysical Union, American Association for the
Advancement of Science, and International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life. Also reflected in this file are Sagan's
endeavors as an advisor to a number of groups and institutions. The Organizations File includes correspondence relating to
the National Academy of Sciences vote in 1992 refusing Sagan membership because some members felt too much of his
work focused on the popularizing of science. The series overlaps with the Speech and Engagement File because some
speeches and related papers are filed with the organization sponsoring an event.
The Writings File , 1883-1996, constituting almost one third of the collection, documents the prolific output of Sagan and
Druyan through articles, scientific papers and abstracts, books, letters to editors, reviews, forewords and introductions, and
the editing of the planetary research journal Icarus. The Writings File chronicles Sagan's life long search for extraterrestrial
life and his study of planetary surfaces and atmospheres. Represented are Sagan's articles examining the temperatures of
Venus, his exploration of Mars, research about the red haze surrounding Titan, and his study of the environmental impact of
nuclear war and nuclear weapons policies. Also included are articles written for Parade magazine by Sagan and Druyan
about space exploration, the importance of science, unidentified flying objects, abortion, nuclear war, and the environment.
Book files in the Writings File series include correspondence, drafts, transcripts of audiotapes, and resource material. Titles
featured are The Dragons of Eden (a Pulitzer Prize winner), Shadows of Forgotten Ancestors, Cosmos, A Path Where No
Man Thought, Contact (Sagan's only novel), Pale Blue Dot, and “Nucleus,” an unpublished book about the nuclear arms
race. Also featured in the Writings File is Sagan and Druyan's correspondence with editors about writing projects.
The Speech and Engagement File , 1960-1996, consists chiefly of correspondence and memoranda about travel
arrangements, travel itineraries and schedules, and notes and resource material. Sagan liked to speak extemporaneously.
Therefore, only a few complete speeches and speech drafts appear in the files.
The Miscellany series, 1911-2004, contains family papers, a school and childhood file, a biographical file, awards and
honors, material relating to Sagan's death, and manuscripts of historical interest that he purchased or collected. The
biographical files include successive drafts of Sagan's vitae, his submissions to biographical directories, and writings about
him. Also in the Miscellany is an “ideas riding” file, containing Sagan and Druyan's ideas for future projects, whether
scientific, literary, or a video game.
The Photographs and Visual Materials , 1967-1994, contain portraits of Sagan, family photographs, and visual materials
relating to Sagan and Druyan's lectures and publications, NASA missions, Cosmos (the television program), and other
topics of interest to Sagan and Druyan. Many of the photograph and slides are copies of NASA photographs. The Artifacts
series, 1934-1992, consists mainly of mementos reflective of Sagan's career and interests.
The Digital Files in this collection were created from 1987 to 1997 and consist chiefly of word processing files received on
three inch floppy disks. Sagan dictated his thoughts for letters, books, articles, and other projects into a tape recorder, and
the tapes were typed by his staff. A list of the Digital Files, arranged by type of material and by digital ID, was compiled by
Library of Congress staff. Library staff arranged the files according to the predominant category that the file represented.
The bulk of the Digital Files are comprised of outgoing correspondence and writings that are duplicated in the analog
portion of the collection. The writings consist chiefly of drafts of Sagan and Druyan's books and articles. Correspondence in
the Digital Files are usually labeled by name of correspondent or a correspondent's initials. Numbers after a correspondent's
name usually indicates the month and day the letter was written. The Library also received five and a quarter inch disks and
eight inch disks as part of the Sagan Druyan collection that are currently not accessible.
Correspondents include George O. Abell, Diane Ackerman, Jerome Agel, Isaac Asimov, Christopher F. Chyba, Arthur C.
Clarke, Frank D. Drake, Timothy Ferris, Louis Friedman, Albert Gore (1948- ), David Harry Grinspoon, Lester Grinspoon,
Geoffrey Haines-Stiles, Bishun N. Khare, Joshua Lederberg, Gentry Lee, Jon Lomberg, Adrian Malone, Mikhail
I͡Akovlevich Marov, David Morrison, Bruce C. Murray, Thomas A. Mutch, Lynda Rosen Obst, James B. Pollack, R. Z.
Sagdeev, Steven Soter, Steven W. Squyres, Yervant Terzian, W. Reid Thompson, O. B. Toon, Richard P. Turco, Neil
deGrasse Tyson, Joseph Veverka, and Timothy E. Wirth.
Arrangement of the Papers
The collection is arranged in sixteen series:
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