SERlE ORIENTALE ROMA XCIX / THE SEKODDESATIKA - - • BY NAROPA (PARAMARTHASAlylGRAHA) Critical Edition of the Sanskrit Text by Francesco Sferra Critical Edition of the Tibetan Translation by Stefania Merzagora ISTITUTO ITALIANO PER L'AFRICA E L'ORIENTE 2006 R'OME ORIENTAL SERIES I. Tucci G., TJt.e Tombs of the Tibetan Kings. II. PETECH L., Northern India According to the Shui~ching-chu. III. F'RAUWALLNER E., On the Date of the Buddhist Master of the Law Vasubandhu. IV. RocK J.F., The 1Na-2khi Niiga Cult and Rel~ted Ceremonies. ~art I and II. v. Conferenze, Vol. I. Containing ;Lectures delivered at IsMEO by G. CoEDES, J.L. DUYVENDAK, C. HENTZE, P.H.·Porr. VI. CONZE E., Abhisamayiilankara. Introduction and Translation from the Original Text, with Sanskrit-Tibetan indexes. VII. Conferenze, Vol. II. Containing Lectures delivered at IsMEO by H. CORBIN, N. EGAMI, M. ELIADE, J. FILLIOZAT, P. HUMBERTCLAUDE, J. MASUI, E.H. DE TSCHARNER. VIII. FRAUWALLNER E·., The Earliest Vinaya and the Beginnings of Buddhist Literature. IX, 1-2 Tucci G., Minor Buddhist Texts. X, 1 Tucci G., Preliminary Report on Two Scientific Expeditions in Nepal. X,2 GNou R., Nepalese I~criptions in Gupta Characters. Part I, Text and Plates. X, 3 PETECH L., Mediaeval History of Nepal (c. 750-1480). XI. GNOLI R., The Aesthetic Experience According tu Abhinavagupta. XII. RocK J.F., The Amnye Ma-chhen Range and Adjacent Regions. XIII. CONZE E., Vajracchedikii Prajniipiiramita. XIV. Le symbolisme cosmique des monuments religieux. Conferences parR. BLOCH, J. DANIELOU, M. ELIADE, M. GRIAULE, C. HENTZE, C. LEVI-STRAUSS, H.C. PUECH, G. TUCCI. XV. WYLIE T.V., A Place Name Index to George N. Roerlch's Translation of the Blue Annals. XVI. FERRARI A., mK'yen brtse's Guide to the Holy Places of Central Tibet. XVII. Orientalia Romana. I, Essays and Lectures, by E. BENZ, H. CORBIN, A. GODARD, L. HAMBIS, V. MINORSKY, S.P. TOLSTOY. XVIII. RoERICH G., Le parler de l'Amdo. Etude d'un dialecte archaYque du Tibet. XIX. VAN GULIK R.H., Chinese Pictorial.Arts as Viewed by the Connoisseur. XX. MAHLER J.G., The Westerners among the Figurines of the T'ang Dynasty of China. XXI. Un editto ·bilingue greco-aramaico di Asoka. Testa, traduzione e note a cura di G. PUGLIESE CARRATELLI e di G. LEVI DELLA VIDA, con prefazione di G. Tucci e introduzione di U. SCERRATO. XXII. LEE P.H., Studies in the Saenaennorae: Old Korean Poetry. XXIII. GNOLI R., The Pramiil}aviirttikam of Dharmakfrti. The First Chapter with Autocommentary. Text and critical notes. XXIV. TUCCI G., Deb t'er dmar po gsar ma. Tibetan Chronicles, by bSod nams grags pa, vol. I. Tibetan Text; Emendations to the Text, English Translation and an Appendix containing two Minor Chronicles. · XXV. WYLIE T.V., The Geography of Tibet According to the 'Dzam-gling-rgyas-bshad. XXVI. CoNZE E., The Gilgit Manuscript of the A~Jiidasasiihasrikiiprajnaparamitii. Chapters 55 to 70 Corresponding to the 5th Abhisamaya. Text and English translation (Literary and Historical Documents from Pakistan, 1). XXVII. GNOLI R., Udbhii(a's Commentary on the Kiivyiila'!lkiira of Bhiimaha. Sanskrit Fragments from Pakistan. Edited with critical notes (Literary and Historical Documents from Pakistan, 2) . XXVIII, 1-2 .R OCK J.F., A 1Na-2Khi- English Encyclopedic Dictionary. XXIX. A Bilingual Graeco-Aramaic Edict of Afuka. Text, Translation and Notes by G. PUGLIESE CARRATELI.,I and G. GARBINI, Foreword by G. TUCCI, Introduction by U. SCERRATO. XXX. GNOLI G., Le iscrizioni Giudeo-Persiane del Gar (Afghanistan). a XXXI. AUBOYER J., Introduction ('etude de ['art de l'/nde. XXXII. ScARCIA G., $ifat-Nama-yi Darvfs Mu!Jammad !fiin-i Gazf. Cronaca di una crociata musul- mana contra i Kafiri di Lagmiin nell'anno·1582. · XXXIII. TAKASAKI J., A Study on the Ratnagotravibhtiga (Uttaratantra). Being a Treatise on the Tathagatagarbha Theory of Mahayana Buddhism. XXXIV. RUEGG D.S., The Life of Bu ston Rin po che. With the Tibetan Text of the Bu ston rNam tht;~r. XXXV. SoPER A. C., Chinese, Korean and Japanese Bronzes. A catalogue· of the Auriti Collection donated to IsMEO and preserved in the Museo Nazionale d' Arte Orientale in Rome. XXXVI. Orientalia Romana. 2, Essays and Lectures by V.S. AGRAWALA, P. BEONIO-BROCCHIERI, P. CORRADINI, L. LANCIOTII, N; NORBU. XXXVII. PENSA C., L'Abhisamayl7laf!lkliravrtti di Arya-vimuktisena. Primo Abhisamaya. Testo e note critiche. XXXVIII. BOYCE M., The Letter of Tansar (Literary and Historical Texts from Iran, I). XXXIX. Orientalia Romana. 3, Ghalib. Two Essays by AHMED ALI am! A. BAUSANI. XL. AHMAD Z., Sino-Tibetan Relations in the. Seventeenth Century. XLI. MoLE G., The T'u-yii-hun from the .Northern Wei to the Time of the Five Dynasties. XLII. WYLIE T.V., A Tibetan Religious Geography of Nepal. XLIII. Tuccr G., Minor Buddhist Texts. Part III: Third Bhiivanlikrama. XLIV. Orientalia Romana. 4, Essays by ·w. HEISSIG, A. TAMBURELLO, R. BEVIGLIA, L.P. MISHRA. XLV. PETECH L., Aristocracy and Government in Tibet (1728-1959). XLVI. CONZE E., The Gilgit Manuscript of the A~flidasasahasrikliprajiilipliramitli. Chapters 70 to 82 Corresponding to the 6th, 7th an 8th Abhisamayas. XLVII. RICHARDSON H.E., Ch 'ing Dynasty inscriptions at Lhasa. XLVIII. The Tlirikh~e Sistlin. Translated by MILTON GOJ,-D (Literary and Historical Texts from Iran, 2). XLIX, 1-2 GNOLI R., The Gilgit Manuscript of the ~alighabhedavastu. L. GNOLI R., The Gilgit Manuscript of the Sayanlisanavastu and the Adhikara~Javastu. Ll. PETECH L., The Kingdom of Ladakh c. 950-I842 AD. LII. Orientalia Romana. 5, Iranian Studies. Edited by G. GNOLI, Essays and Lectures by J. DUCHESNE-GUILLEMIN, J. KELLENS, P. LECOQ, G. WIDENGREN, I. GERSHEVITCH, PH. GIGNOUX, W. SUNDERMANN, G. GNOLI. LIV. PETECH L., Mediaeval History of Nepal (c. 750-1482). Second, thoroughly revised edition. LV. GNOLI R., Ricardo di Giuseppe Tucci. Con contributi di L. PETECH, F. ScrALPI, G. GALLUPPI VALLAURI. LVI, 1-3 Orientalia /osephi Tucci memoriae dicata. Edenda curaverunt G. GNOLI et L. LANCIOTII. LVII. - · Orientalia Romana. 6, The First European Colloquium of Iranology (Rome, June 18th-20th, 1983). Edited by G. GNOLI. LVIII. GNOLI R., Il commento di Abhinavagupta alia Parlitrif!!sika (Paratriqtsikatattvavivara~am). Traduzione e Testo. LIX. FORTE A., On the Significance of the Mingtang and Buddhist Utopias in the History of the Astronomical Clock. LX. PETECH L., Selected Papers on Asian History. LXI. Galis ti se'i dKar c'ag. A Bon-po Story of the Sacred Mountain Ti-se and the Blue Lake Ma-pali. Edited by NAMKHAI No:RBU. Revised, collated and completed by K PRATS. LXII. GNOLI G., The Idea of Iran. An Essay on It~ Origin. LXIII. Oman Studies. Papers on the Archaeology and. History of Oman. Edited by P.M. CosTA and M. Tosr. LXIV. Atti del Convegno sul tema: Mircea Eliade e le religioni asiatiche. A cura di G. GNOLI. The LXV. PETECH L., Central Tibet and the Mongols. Yiian - Sa-skya Period of Tibetan History. LXVI, 1-2 South Asian Archaeology I987. Ed. M. TADDEI, with the assistance of P. CALLI~!. LXVII, 1-2 Proceedings of the First European Conference of Iranian Studies Held in Turin, September 7th-lith 1987 by the Societas Iranologica Europaea, Edited by G. GNOLI and A. PANAINO. LXVIII, 1-2 PANAINO A., Tistrya. Part I: The Avestan Hymn to Sirius. Part II: The Iranian Myth of the Star Sirius. LXIX. EMMERICK R.E. and E.G. PULLEYBLANK, A Chinese Text in Central Asian Brahmi Script. LXX, I Arabia Antiqua. Early Origins of South Arabian States. Edited by Ch.J. RoBIN, with the collaboration .of I. GAJDA. LXX,2 Arabia Antiqua. Hellenistic Centres around Arabia. Edited by A. INVERNIZZI and J.F. SALLES. LXXI. TORELLA R., The isvarapratyabhijnliklirikii of Utpaladeva with the _Author's Vrtti. LXXII. OROFINO G., Sekoddesa. A Critical Edition of the Tibetan Translations. . LXXIII. 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Inscriptions from the Tabo Main Temple. Texts and translations. Edited by L. PETECH and CH. LUCZANITS. LXXXIV, 1-2 MACKENZIE D.N., Iranica Diversa. Edited by e.G. CERETI and L. PAUL. LXXXV. SFERRA F., The $a¢a1igayoga by Anupamaraqita. With Ravisrfjnlina's Gurzabhara1Jfnlima ~a¢a1igayogafippa1Jf. LXXXVI. CICUZZA C., The Laghutantraflkli by Vajrapfi!zi. LXXXVII. Tabo Studies II. Manuscripts, Texts, Inscriptions, and the Arts. Edited by CA. SCHERRER SCHAUB and B. STEINKELLNER. LXXXVIII. PIRAS A., Hiidoxt Nask 2. Il racconto zoroastriano della sorte dell'anima. LXXXIX, 1-2 SUNDERMANN W., Manichaica Iranica. Ausgewiihlte Schriften. Edited by CH. RECK, D. WEBER, C. LEURINI and A. PANAINO. XC, 1-3 South Asian Archaeology 1997. Edited by M. TADDEI and G. DE MARCO. XCI. GIGNOUX PH., Man and. Cosmos in Ancient Iran. XCII, 1-2 - .Le parolee i marmi. Studi in onore di Raniero Gnoli nel suo 70° compleanno. A cura di R. TORELLA. XCIII. Essays on the Late Prehistory of the Arabian Peninsula. Edited by S. CLEUZIOU, M. Tosi and J. ZARINS. XCIV. PANAINO A., The List of Names of Ahura Mazda (Yast I) and Vayu (Ya!t XV). XCV. Guide to the rDzing phyi Monastery. Edited and Translated by F: VENTURI. ·xcvi. DE MEISS., Eclipses. An Astronomical Introduction for Humanists. XCVII. Orientalia Romana. 7, Varia1ranica. Edited by C.G. CERETI, B. MELASECCHI and FARROKH VAJIFDAR. XCVIII. Orientalia Romana. 8, Middle Iranian Lexicography. Edited by C.G. CERETI and M. MAGGI. XCIX. SFERRA F. and S. MERZAGORA, The Sekoddesaflkli by Nliropa (Paramarthasa'!lgraha). ISBN 88-85320-37-6 € 52,00 Distributed by Herder, lntern~tional Book Centre, 120, Piazza Montecitorio, 00186 Rome, ltal~. Published with grants f~om the Dipartimento di Studi-Asiatici Universita di Napoli "L'Orientale" Layout: Francesco Sferra ISBN 88-85320-37-6 TU1TI I DIRITTI RISERVATI Printed in_ Italy - Stampato in ltalia Finito di stampare nel mese di marzo 2006 Grafica Crista! S.r.l., via Raffaele Paolucci, 12/14-00152 Roma To Raniero Gnoli CONTENTS Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 1. THE SANSKRIT TEXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2. THE TIBETAN TRANSLATION............................... 22 NOTE TO THE EDITION ............, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 SANSKRIT SOURCES OF THE SU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 INDEX OF PARALLEL TEXTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 37 . ABBREVIATIONS AND-BIBLIOGRAPHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 1. SIGLA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 2. SANsKRIT AND TmETAN SouRcEs OF THE 41 SEKODDESA!lKA. • • • • • • • • • • 3. PRIMARY SoURcES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 4. STUDIES AND TRANSLATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 5. S_YMBOLS AND IN THE TEXT AND IN THE APPARATUS... 56 A~BREVIATIONS SANSKRIT TEXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 2. THE INITIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 3. THE SIXFOLD YoGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109 3.1 The Sixfold Yoga-According toGS 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 109 3.1.1 Corrimentary on GS 18.139cd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 3.1.2 Commentary on GS 18.142 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112 3.1.3 Commentary on GS 18.143-146 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 3.1.4 Commentary on GS 18.147-148ab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 3.1.5 Commentary on GS 18.148cd-149ab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 115 3-.1.6 Commentary on GS 18.149cd-151 ......... ·. . . . . . . . 115 3.1.7_ Commentary on GS 18.152 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 3.1.8 Commentary on GS 18.153 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 3.1.9 Commentary on GS 18.154 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117 3.1.10 Commentary on GS 18.155-157 .... , . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 3.2 The Sixfold Yoga According to the LKCT and the VP . . . . . . . . 118 3.3 The Sixfold Yoga According to Vajrapfu:ti . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123 3.4 The Sixfold Yoga According to the SU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 3.4.1 Pratyiihiira and Dhyiina·.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 3.4.2 Priif}iiyiima and the Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146 4. THE DEATH-SIGNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 4.1 The Sun Death-Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157 4.2 The Moon Death-Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 160 5. THE DELIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 6. THE MuDRA.s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 169 6.1 The Fourth Body. Commentary on KCUT 21 I Pif}{/Tkramasiidhana 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172 6.2 Commentary on Stanza 93 (Continuation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177 7. THE PASSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 187 7.1 Interpretations of the word ak~ara . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193 8. THE CAUSE-EFFECT RELATIONSHIP .................... •.. . . . . 197 9. THE Six SuPRAMUNDANE BEINGs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203 10. THE Six FAMILIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 11. CONCLUSION . . . . • . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207 TIBETAN TRANSLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209 1. INTRODUCTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211 2. THE INITIATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227 3. THE SIXFOLD YoGA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 3.1 The Sixfold Yoga According toGS 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275 3.1.1 Commentary on GS 18.139cd . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 3.1.2 Commentary on GS 18.142 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278 3.1.3 Commentary on GS 18.143-146 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279 3.1.4 Commentary on GS 18.147-148ab.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281 3.1.5 Commentary on GS 18.148cd-149ab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 3.1.6 Commentary on GS 18.149cd-151 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282 3.1.7 Commentary on GS 18.152.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 3.1.8 Commentary on GS 18.153 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 3.1.9 Commentary on GS 18.154 ................ : . . . . . . 283 3.1.10 Commentary on GS 18.155-157 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285 3.2 The Sixfold Yoga According to the LKCT and the VP . . . . . 286 3.3 The Sixfold Yoga According to Vajrapfu)i. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294 3.4 The Sixfold Yoga According to the SU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 3.4.1 Pratyiihiira and Dhyiina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313 3.4.2 Priif}iiyiima and the Channels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 4. THE DEATH-SIGNS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 · 4.1 The Sun Death-Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 4.2 The Moon Death-Signs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341 5. THE DELIGHTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347 6. THE MuDIMs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353 6.1 The Fourth Body. Commentary on KCUT 21 I Pif}{/Tkramasiidhana 1 ....... ·. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357 6.2 Commentary on Stanza 93 (Continuation) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 364 8