The Seismic Design Handbook

815 Pages·2001·3.48 MB·English

by  Bruce A. Bolt D.Sc (auth.)

THE SEISMIC DESIGN HANDBOOK
Second Edition
THE SEISMIC DESIGN HANDBOOK
Second Edition
edited by
Farzad Naeim, Ph.D., S.E.
Vice President and Director of Research and Development
John A. Martin Associates, Inc., U.S.A.
Volume 1
CODECOUNme
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The seismic design handbook I edited by Farzad Naeim.-2"d ed.
p.cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 978-1-4613-5681-3 ISBN 978-1-4615-1693-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4615-1693-4
I. Earthquake resistant design-Handbooks, manuals, etc. 2. Buildings-Earthquake
effects-Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Naeim, Farzad.
Additional material to this book can be downloaded from http://extras.springer.com
T A658.44 .S395 200 I
624.1 '762-dc21 00-054609
Copyright© 2001 by Springer Science+Business Media New York
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2001
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 2nd edition 2001
Second Printing 2003
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a
retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical, photo
copying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the
publisher, Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Printed on acid-free paper.
"Among mortals second thoughts are wisest. "
Euripides,
(480-406B.c.)
"The change of motion is proportional to the
motive force impressed; and is made in the
direction of the right line in which the force is
impressed. "
Isaac Newton,
The Principia: Mathematical PrinciplesofNatural Philosophy(1687A.D.)
Contents
Contributors IX
Acknowledgements
Preface
1 THENATUREOFEARTHQUAKE GROUNDMOTION 1
BRUCEA. BOLT, D.Sc.
2 EARTHQUAKE GROUND MOTION AND
RESPONSESPECTRA 47
BIJANMOHRAZ, PH.D., P.E. AND FAHIMSADEK, PH.D.
3 GEOTECHNICALDESIGNCONSIDERATIONS 125
MARSHALLLEW, PH.D., G.E.
4 DYNAMIC RESPONSEOFSTRUCTURES 183
JAMESC. ANDERSON, PH.D.
5 LINEARSTATICSEISMIC LATERALFORCE
PROCEDURES 247
ROGERM. DIJULIOJR., PH.D., P.E.
6 ARCHITECTURALCONSIDERATIONS 275
CHRISTOPHERARNOLD, FAlA, RillA
7 DESIGN FORDRIFT AND LATERALSTABILITY 327
FARZADNAEIM, PH. D., S.E.
8 SEISMIC DESIGN OFFLOORDIAPHRAGMS 373
FARZADNAEIM, PH.D., S.E. ANDR. RAOBOPPANA, PH.D., S.E.
Vlll
9 SEISMIC DESIGN OFSTEELSTRUCTURES 409
CHIA-MINGUANG, PH.D.,MICHELBRUNEAU, PH.D., P.ENG.
ANDREWS. WHITIAKER, PH.D., S.E., AND
KEY-CHYUANTSAI, PH.D., S.E.
10 SEISMICDESIGN OFREINFORCEDCONCRETE
STRUCTURES 463
ARNALDOT. DERECHO, PH.D. ANDM. REZAKIANOUSH, PH.D.
11 SEISMIC DESIGNOFWOOD ANDMASONRY
BUILDINGS 563
JOHNG. SHIPP,S.E., FASCE ANDGARYC. HART, PH.D., P.E.
12 SEISMIC UPGRADINGOFEXISTING STRUCTURES 623
RONALDO. HAMBURGER,S.E. ANDCRAIGA. COLE, S.E.
13 DESIGNOFNONSTRUCTURALSYSTEMS AND
COMPONENTS 681
JOHND. GILLENGERTEN,S.E.
14 DESIGNOFSTRUCTURES WITHSEISMIC ISOLATION 723
RONALDLMAYES, PH.D. AND FARZADNAEIM, PH.D.,S.E.
15 PERFORMANCEBASEDSEISMIC ENGINEERING 757
FARZADNAEIM, PH.D., S.E., HUSSAINBHATIA, PH.D., P.E.
ANDROYM. LOBO, PH.D., P.E.
16 COMPUTERAPPLICATIONS INSEISMIC DESIGN 793
FARZADNAEIM, PH.D.,S.E., ROYM. LOBO, PH.D., P.E.
AND HUSSAINBHATIA, PH.D., P.E.
APPENDIX 815
INDEX 821
Contributors
JamesC.Anderson,Ph.D.
ProfessorofCivilEngineering,UniversityofSouthernCalifornia,LosAngeles,California
(DynamicResponseofStructures)
ChristopherArnold,AlA
President,BuildingSystemsDevelopment,Inc.,SanMateo,California
(ArchitecturalConsiderations)
HussainBhatia,Ph.D.,P.E.
SeniorResearchEngineer,JohnA. Martin& Associates,Inc.,LosAngeles,California
(PerformanceBasedSeismicEngineering; ComputerApplicationsinSeismicDesign)
BruceA. Bolt,Ph.D.
ProfessorEmeritusofSeismology,UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,California
(TheNatureofEanhquakeGroundMotions)
RaoBoppana,Ph.D.,S.E.
President,Satoand BoppanaConsultingEngineers,LosAngeles,California
(SeismicDesignofFloorDiaphragms)
MichelBruneau,Ph.D.,P.Eng.
ProfessorofCivilEngineering,StateUniversityofNew YorkatBuffalo,NewYork
(SeismicDesignofSteelStructures)
CraigA. Cole,S.E.
ProjectManager,EQEInternational,Inc.,Oakland,California
(Seismic UpgradingofExistingStructures)
JohnG.Gillengerten,S.E.
SeniorProjectManager,John A. Martin& Associates,Inc.,LosAngeles,California
(DesignofNonstructuralSystemsandComponents)
ArnaldoT.Derecho,Ph.D.
ConsultingStructuralEngineer,MountProspect,Illinois
(SeismicDesignofReinforcedConcreteStructures)
RogerM.Dijulio,Jr.,Ph.D.,P.E.
ProfessorofEngineering,CaliforniaStateUniversity, Northridge,California
(LinearStaticLateralForceProcedures)
Ronald O.Hamburger,S.E.
SeniorVicePresident,EQEInternational,Inc.,Oakland,California
(Seismic UpgradingofExistingStructures)
Gary C.Hart,Ph.D.,P.E.
ProfessorofCivilEngineering,UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,California
(SeismicDesignofWoodandMasonryStructures)
x
Contributors (continued)
M. Reza Kianoush,Ph.D.
Professor,RyersonPolytechnicUniversity,Toronto,Ontario,Canada
(SeismicDesignofReinforcedConcreteStructures)
Marshall Lew,Ph.D.,G.E.
CorporateConsultant,Law/Crandall,Inc.,LosAngeles,California
(GeotechnicalConsiderations)
Roy F.Lobo,Ph.D.,P.E.
SeniorResearch Engineer,JohnA. Martin& Associates,Inc.,LosAngeles,California
(PerformanceBasedSeismicEngineering; ComputerApplicationsinSeismicDesign)
Ronald M. Mayes,Ph.D.
EngineeringConsultant,Berkeley,California
(Design ofStructures withSeismicIsolation)
BijanMohraz,Ph.D.
ProfessorofCivilEngineering,SouthernMethodistUniversity,Dallas,Texas
(EarthquakeGroundMotionandResponseSpectra)
FarzadNaeim,Ph.D.,S.E.
VicePresidentIDirectorofResearchandDevelopment,JohnA. Martin&Associates,Inc.,LosAngeles,California
(Designfor Driftand Lateral Stability; Seismic Design ofFloor Diaphragms; Design ofStructures with Seismic
Isolation; PerformanceBasedSeismicEngineering; ComputerApplicationsinSeismicDesign)
John G.Shipp,S.E.,FASCE
ManagerDesignServicesandSeniorTechnicalManager,EQEEngineeringand Design,CostaMesa,California
(SeismicDesignofWoodandMasonryStructures)
Key-Chyuan Tsai,Ph.D.,S.E.
ProfessorofCivilEngineering, NationalTaiwanUniversity,Taipei,Taiwan
(SeismicDesignofSteelStructures)
Chia-MingUang,Ph.D
ProfessorofStructuralEngineering,UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego,California
(SeismicDesignofSteelStructures)
Andrew S. Whittaker,Ph.D.,S.E.
AssociateProfessorofCivilEngineering,StateUniversityofNewYorkatBuffalo,NewYork
(SeismicDesignofSteelStructures)
Acknowledgements
The editor gratefully acknowledges the efforts ofcontributors in preparing excellent manuscripts.
Thanks are also due to the management and staff at John A. Martin and Associates, Inc., especially
Jack and Trailer Martin, who have always graciously understood and accommodated my frequent
shifts ofemphasis from everyday office practice to writing textbooks and technical articles. Ifit had
notbeenfor theirencouragementand support, this projectwould have notbeencompleted.
The production of this edition of the handbook was made possible by the heroic efforts of two
young and very talented persons. Mark Day patiently and diligently managed the digital typesetting
and repeated content revisions with his usual grace, smile, and dedication. Hesaam Aslani on his
short stay with our firm on his way to graduate studies at the Stanford University prepared early
camera-ready versions ofmost ofthe chapters and checked mathematical expressions and numerical
examples.
The International Conference ofBuilding Officials (ICBO) and particularly MarkJohnson ofthat
organization were aconstant source ofencouragement and support. It is a distinct honor to have this
handbookendorsed byboth ICBO and theNationalCouncil ofStructural Engineers Associations.
The editor is indebted to the readers of the first edition for their very positive and encouraging
feedback andfor theirconstantreminders oftheirdesire toseeasecondedition ofthe handbook.
Last, but not least, the editor is grateful to his life-partner and wife, Fariba, who patiently
understood the need for his extended hours of work, and his children Mana and Mahan who
accommodatedadaddy who oftencould not playbecausehe had alotofwork to do.
Preface
This handbook contains up-to-date existing structures, computer applications, and
infonnation on planning, analysis, and design seismicdesignofwoodstructures.
of earthquake-resistant building structures. Its Anew and very usefulfeature ofthis edition
intention is to provide engineers, architects, is the inclusion of a companion CD-ROM disc
developers, and students of structural containing the complete digital version of the
engineering and architecture with authoritative, handbook itself and the following very
yet practical, design infonnation. It represents important publications:
an attempt to bridge the persisting gap between l. UBC-IBC(1997-2000) Structural
advances in the theories and concepts of ComparisonsandCross References, ICBO,
earthquake-resistant design and their 2000.
implementation in seismic design practice. 2. NEHRPGuidelinesfor theSeismic
The distinguished panel of contributors is Rehabilitation ofBuildings, FEMA-273,
composed of 22 experts from industry and Federal EmergencyManagementAgency,
universities, recognizedfortheirknowledgeand 1997.
extensive practical experience in their fields. 3. NEHRP Commentary on theGuidelinesfor
They have aimed to present clearly and theSeismic Rehabilitation ofBuildings,
concisely the basic principles and procedures FEMA-274, FederalEmergency
pertinent to each subject and to illustrate with ManagementAgency, 1997.
practical examples the application of these 4. NEHRPRecommendedProvisionsfor
principles and procedures in seismic design Seismic Regulationsfor New Buildingsand
practice. Where applicable, the provisions of OlderStructures, Part1- Provisions,
various seismic design standards such as mc FEMA-302, FederalEmergency
2000, UBC-97, FEMA-273/274 and ATC-40 Management Agency, 1997.
are explained and their differences are 5. NEHRP RecommendedProvisionsfor
highlighted. Seismic Regulationsfor New Buildingsand
Mostofthechapters have been eithertotally OlderStructures, Part2- Commentary,
re-written or substantially revised to reflect the FEMA-303, Federal Emergency
recent advances in the field. In addition, a ManagementAgency, 1997.
number of new chapters have been added to
cover subjects such as perfonnance based One should realize that seismic design is
seismic engineering, seismic upgrading of still as muchanartas itisa science. Therefore,