The Second World War An Illustrated History of WWII - Victory Vol.9 (May 1945 - April 1946)

828 Pages·2000·126.04 MB·English

by  J. A. Hammerton

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An WWII
Illustrated History of
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Volume IX: May 1945 - April 1946,
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THE WAR
ILLUSTRATED
FIELD-MARSHAL THE VISCOU^r^ ALEXANDER OF TUNIS, G.C.B., D.S.O.
WWeesstteerrnn AAuu^s.ttnrai^o?nn'MMa"y''o2,^1"9"45",^"m"a^dfe-tMheediftiresrtrmaanejaonr,stuhrereGnederrmaofntahremiWeasrinatItCa^leyrta^nLd
Fteniit 10 Vol. 9
WAR
THE
llustrated
I
Complete Record of the Conflict
by Land and Sea and in the Air.
Edited by
SIR JOHN HAMMERTON
Volume Nine
J
The NINTH VOLUME of THE IVAR ILLUSTRATED
contains the issues numbered 206 lo 230. covering the period
May 1943 to April 1946. Through swift crescendo of stirring
events to the climax of total Victory it carries on the story of six
years of fighting told phase by phase in preceding volumes.
The link-up of the Allies from West and East in the heart
of Germany was speedily followed by the Russian capture of
Berlin, the capitulation of German armed forces, and the final
passing from the stage of Adolf Hitter himself, of Goebbels and
Himmler. The capture of Goering, Ribhentrop and other of
(he Nazi war criminals led to the opening, at Nuremberg, of the
greatest crime trial in world history. Allied triumph in Italy
was proclaimed only a few days after the ignominious downfall,
and execution by his own countrymen, of Bentto Mussolini. Then
came those memorable celebrations at Home and elsewhere which
crowned the dramatic last days of War in the West.
On the Pacific front we recorded one victory after another.
British prowess in Burma secured the reoccupation of Rangoon.
Australians cleared the Japanese from New Guinea. American
feats of island-hopping culminated in %2-days' battle for Okinawa,
springboard for the invasion ofJapan, whose mainland was being
subjected to Allied air attacks growing rapidlyin intensity. Then,
changing the whole conception of warfare, came the dropping
of the two atomic bombs, thefirst on Hiroshima, and the second on
Nagasaki, followed in a few days by the capitulation of Japan
and, in due course, the release and repatriation of large numbers
of Far Eastern prisoners of war.
In the realm of politics came the death of Frci;ik^in Delano
Roosevelt and the accession to the American presidency of Harry
S. Truman. A general election in Britain resulted in a change of
Government during the last of the " Big Three " conferences {at
Potsdam). Buoying up with bright hope all peoples of good will
there gathered—together at San Francisco the " architects of the
"
belter world and there came into being the United Nations
Organization, whose First General Assembly was held at West-
minster in London whilst Britain was striving mightily to swing her
productive efforts once more into the channels of Peace. It is
on that high note of optimism that we close this penultimate
volume oj THE WAR ILLUSTRATED.
Published 2000
Cover Design ti 2000
Trident Press International
ISBN 1-58279-108-2 Single Edition
ISBN 1-58279-023-X Special Combined Edition*
•ContainsVolume9& 10Unabridged
Printedin Croatia
1
Abbeville Atrocitiei
General Index to Volume Nine
'T*His Index is designed to give ready reference to the whole of the litevary and pictorial
*• contents of The War Illustrated. Individual subjects and people of importance are
indexed under their own headings, while references are included to general subjects such as
Atomic Bomb: Commandos; Food. Page tiumbers in italics indicate illustrations.
Abbeville, boom defence tug, Air Force, German, wound Air Sea Rescue, on Baroda Ancylus, M. A. C, 46 Army, British, camouflage for
Abbot3s4\Langley, timber houses uIpn.t3e4r9national, Macmillan airfideeldv,el4o4p3ment, 316 AnderNsoo.n,10,E.5W5.6, and Wireless Naanvdy.Du6t5c3h harvest, 308
at. 66\ on.764 Macmillan on, 630 Anderson, Rt. Hon. Sir John, future, 708
Abercorn, Dukeand Duchessof, Japanese, disintegration, Air Services, British, proposed ^nd atomic bomb, 278 Navy's help for, 35B
248 124 nationalization, 481 Anderson, Lt.Gen. Sir Kenneth, in Palestine, 537
Abercrombie, Sir Patrick, 382 R—oyal, arrive in Java, 505 Air Transport, and, Burma 447 police work, 516
AABbSuDksu,maof(Uc.rSu.isNera)vys.un/k7./ 582 . ianndBanBgaktaovki,an394refugees, Air Tcraamnpasipgonr,t 1A6u3xiliary, closes AndreTeovr,gau,Pt5e7. Nikolai, at ——Chipnoesste-,waCrOo.rgaandidzraetsisoens,, 4/467J
Achilles, H.M.N.Z.S., 206 — 669 down, 543 Andrus, Col. Burton C, 347 German, troops return
Active, H.M.S., Wagner sur- Beach Squadron, 526 AirTravel, newtrailsfor,733 Angel, Dr. Eduardo Zuleta, home, 555. 569
renders in, 556 bomb Krupps, 16-17 Air War, Macmillan's survey, at banquet, 624 — " undefeated." 67
Ada. P/O Bruce. 315 in Burma, 580. 581 28, 60. 92 and U.N.O., 532, 629 Japanese, demobilization
AAddaaimr,, MGaejn..GSeinr.RSoinralAdl.la4n.34288 — —-^cDoamnpiasshsemsemfoorri,a3l4.03/6 Aitaper,adUa.rS.in,la4n4d4,at,441536 A——nwiamralesf,forlta.bo4r8a8t,or4y89use, 446 — orredpearterdia,ti3o3n4, 326
AddisSoenc,.2V8i7scount. Dominions dem1o9b1ilization centres, AAiixt-klean-.ChHaopne.lleM,ax1.48ofA.A.F.,502 Annwaanr,meHm.oMr.iSa.l.fo3r9.1414 —•R—usDseimanp,seByerwliitnh,pa7r0ade 138
Addu Atoll. PortT. on, 268 dispersal centre, 379 Ajax. H.M.S., at battle of Anson, H.M.S., Furious with, 381 — dogs with, 488
AAddkiignes.R.S,qSdh.eLrdmra.nDecrroesks,eso,n40tthe ^iFn.AF.aAr.Eaansdt,. 751184 PaltateM,al2t0a,6455 Anti-wAiitrhc,raWft. FBraotntte.rie7s0, A.T.S. ArUm.yS.,AigroesObhsoemrev,at3i1o2n Post,
Khamsin, 283 future of personnel, 668 Akihito, Crown Prince ofJapan, Anti-AircraftDefence,radarand, Macmillan at. 69
Adion Hotel, meals in, 266 helicopters for. 60 781 298. 299 Army Education Scheme, Luton
AdmirIaSlB(Air),firstappointment. iHnonHionnggtkoonngh,an6d4e5d back, AAllaambeaimna.,H.U.MS..SS..,, 140932 Anti-mAiitrycraffutsesGuanndn,er4y9,3 proxi- ArmHyocofcotlhleegeR,hi5n3e6, British,
Admiral Graf Spee» R.N.Z. 746 Alamein, El, anniversary Anti-Aircraft Guns, Aus- at Bad Lrppspringe, 538
Navy and. 206 and " Hump " route. — dinner, 452 tralian, in Borneo, 333 boxing for, 539
AdmiralscuHtitlpepde,r,7damaged, 28 Mo7s3q9uitoes in Burma, —8Nt.hZ.A2rnmdyDaitv,.2a5t9. 548 B—riotnishEldbeec,oy3,6 685 demcoesbsi,li6z/a9tion pro-
Cfowworm and, 236 — /6f Alamogordo,atoFmMicbombat.3/7 victory salvo, 80-6i life in. 42/
at Kiel, 67, 73 parachutes for, from N. Alanbrooke, Lord, and in Rangoon R., /75 at LiJneburg, 389
AAAdddmmmiiirrhraaaolllmtteyyS,,,chBe1Bl4eao1rca,krsdBuonokof,k,7o,fw,a2r86t1i4me ppRioallIdoiratcesrel,aetnBsrdeca.rialnp6iien7n,,g7,753741876 — Dia.nnDd4J.4o7phtooasrnetks,-,w6a3/r908organization, AAnnttii--akmlCoalnoligamar,nicinea7t,l/e2r6n8U2niPtasc,t, IfnirstHoAnxgi-s Army Se1mreevmDiIoocerveigearrl.aCso4m5rb9psy,s,4f8r2oRm.,,
Adriatic Sea, future. 611 sinks Ki>in. 7 —an Ulsterman, 676 Anti-tank Obstacles, at dismantles Pluto, 533
AAddvuemnNatav(Bsyahyi,ipn).2,03s59u1rvival. 326 ^ — Steqau3a4fd8orr,on596907disbanded. AAllbbaenrsitta,r,uHgrgaelrceo,olnds5t4Ar.u,ctoinonHoiln,la7n1d9's AntoSinncohvBe,evrelnMilna,jn.g2e6nG9,en2.47Vladimir, Army SiItnnadfiMfaanl,aCyotale,lae7gf0eo6r,, 5w9o8men
AAeergoepalnanSeesa,, R.saNuacvepyanisn, 15m1ade Tra1n8s8port Command, AAllcbiedretsMe(mmoortioarl,tuannhkaerr)m.ed5.50638 A—ntw3e9r2p, port open for Allies, Arnhcaedme,tsaaitr,bo4r7n9einvasion, 114
from. 628 -use tinsel, 652 Alcmene, H.M.S., story of, 614 —P Parlies at, 437 -—Allies take, 2/
Africa, British Colonial troops in war and peace, 637 Alderney, repatriates at, 633 —scrap loaded at, 790 —devastation at, 462, 463-65
— from, 740 war losses, 60 Alerts, in Vvestminster, 140 —sea.entry, radar and, 362 —Phantoms at, 172
—East, war effort, 22 Australian, bombs Alexander, Rt. Hon. A. V., V weapons on, 70 story retold, 461-62, 463-65
North,Allied landings. Com- Brunei. 252 First Lord, 287 —Anzio, failure at, 403 Arnim, Gen. J. Sixt von, 259
mandos and, 643 farewell parade, and French naval memorial, unexploited success, 355 Arnold, Gen. H. H., on air
n.Z. 2nd Div. in, 548, 549 Plymouth. 51 67/ Appledoorn, Blaskowitz at, /64 power and Japan, 188
parachute troops in, 467 in New Guinea, 137 and Furious, 230 Appledore, lifeboat, 590 Arnsberg, viaduct bombed, /89
AfrikaPhaKnotrposm,s 8int,h 1A72rmy and, Cagnoaedsiahno,me1,st1s2q4uadron Alexaonpdeenr,s SMcrasp.a Ar.oadV,.,/2n7ames Appleattoonm,ic bSoirmb,E2d7w8ard, and AA—rrrraso.ma6n38c,he77s8, 144-45, 153
259 London H.Q., 479 Powerful, 103 Aquitania, R.M.S., at South- " Swiss Roll " at, 396
AAgghreiicblulae,lmtsEu,lr,e2R,4o6minmeHlolalta,nd2,59pro- Ru4s1Ns.iZa.n.,Maintdchfealllloofn,Be8r3lin, AlexSvaiincrdtoeHrr.y,pRa.rFa'Ld.Me,G.2t,3h4eat BHeorlni.n —AraasbatmrpatnLsoepnao,rgtu3,e51,168and Levant AArrttiiffiimcceiiaanll.LR7ie4m5sb.psi,r7a4tf8oi-ro4n9,ex-bSyervGiecre--
—in N. Ireland, 676 Siamese, and R.A.F. en- Churchill on, 38 dispute, ISO man police, 634
A"irA,isrubpoprlnieesbCy.igBaurr."ma,j2aS0m,mi2n51g U.sSi.gn, 3A9r4my, debt to GGaenodregre oVnI,w3i0th7. 210 aanndd PLailbeysat,in6e1,I515 —Artil1l3e0ry, Australian, Sadau,
device. 686 R.N.L.I.. 590 atGuildhall,799 Arabs, Palestine problem and, —Royal : see Royal Artillery
AirbAorrnnheemD,iv4i6s1i-o6n2, British, at s(a8lcvh)age taskbs,o6m3/b aattthhoemeL,tdo2,23/65 Arab515S.ta5te1s6, and trusteeship, '*ARrutsissitainc,PirnotVeicetninoan,,"9German
official account,467 Vemork, 375 new offensive in Italy, 5 654 method, 702
(1st) Haakon inspects. 296 —for Far East, and surrender In Italy, 34 Araie, freed P/Ws at. 410 Art Treasures, British, at
(6th) meets Russians, —— 124 an Ulsterman, 676 Arakan, British offensive in. Muncaster Castle, 589
WiinsmPaarle,st6i5ne. 516, 5/7, ffaereedwsellH,ol7l4a6nd, AAlleexxaanndderra, PaLlaadcye,, 101326 ——mo5s8q0uitoes in, 161 DinutGche,rsmtarnonsga-ltromoimnsef,or2.0247
537. 546, 536 60 Alexandrine, Q. of Denmark, 74 W. Africans In,740 Ascot, S.S., Fortune in, 233
(82nd) U.S., guard of in Pacific, 252 Alford, Sachel Court at, 238 Arakanese, in V. Force, 648, 649 Asdic, and herring fisheries, 570
honour. 331 (20th) in Pacific, Allerton, Chief Officer John, Arctic, meteorological station Ash, Sub. Lt. (A) D., with
AirborneOperations, in Burma, 252 M.B.E., 233 in, 205 Pacific Fleet, 314
580 Air Force Regt., R., in Burma, Allied Nations, Conference, ArdennesMts,Rundstedt'soffen- Ashchurch, U.S. vehicles at, 312
Aircraft, Allied, unarmed, — 175 San Francisco, 52 sive in, 452 Asigara (cruiser), sunk, 198
—Bo6m3b0er Command's losses. —— in Joarviag,ins7,83380 Allin,poisFe/Oat enGd.ofJw..ar,D3a2n5ish "AresiagnaCll.ea3r8e5d," minesweeper AAsspkianrailsl,.ofCapE.t.A,friocfa,S.2A2.,,677728
—Ge3r4m8an, losses, April, 28 aint PVeiennannag,,353154 Allotmmeemnotrsi,ali,n 3H/a6nover, 281 ArgeCnotnifnear,encaen,d27S0. Francisco A"sAssasmu,raainrcfeielodfinV,ic7t3o9ry," pam-
— toys fffom, 642 Air Force Reserve, R., 637 Alps. Austrian. R.I.F. in, 765 —and U 530. 231 phlet,478
Jagpraonuensde,,137bombed on Air FR.o,rcfeormRaetsieornv,e6C37ommand, AlsatBiraintishWoAlrfmy,Ho1u3n3ds, join Argon26a2u,t,263H.M.S., repairs to, A"sAtbsuryth,eCaDpaty.sPegtoer,By1.7"2 pro-
-destroyed, 252 Air Forces. Allied, and Rhine Aluminium, from planes to Argus. H.M.S., obsolete, 678 phecies In, 510. 542, 574.
—Jet-lopsrsoepse,ll2e8d.. 1M24acmillan on, Air crFoossricnegs, 32of Occupation, ——plasstaiuccsepraenpsl,ac6e2,8616 Argylolf CaanndadSau,thienrlBaernldin,Hi2g0hfrs. A—svic6,06be6c3o8m.es670o,pe7r0at2ional,444
——R.A7.0F0., war losses, 60 Air BFroirticseh,V3o4l9unteer Reserve, Amafgraosmaksic,rabpopmebdedai,rcr2a8f4t, 426 AArriiezso,naacChoinetvaecmte,nt1s5,8127, 733 AtiangoMa(cc-rsuhiispesr,),5s4u1nk, 582
unserviceable, salvage, 426, R., story. 637 Amaml Is., U.S. raid, 188 Armistice Day (1945), 490-9/. Ataturk, Kemal, 742
—U.4S4.,2Pfaocrifibcrelaoksisnesg,-up12,463/ AAiirrlaH4no6ds1itnegsseBsr,iga7d3e3, at Arnhem, A—Ammapbtroiozlle,namf,eorntGeiulylizlefrrFoofmrr,coem6,i1n44,27707 Armit5Ra0.g6N.e.,V5.0R7..Li7e1ut8. (A) R., AAAttthhheelnnoisna,e,BCSra.iSst.ti,lsehs,utnSrk.o,So.,p4s251in1, 758
Aircraft Carriers, British, Air Lift, changes in, 92 Ambon, Japanese take, 707 Armour,Allied,inNuremberg. Atlantic, battle of, M. A. C.
below decks, 381 Air Ministry, pillbox removed Ambulance Planes, in Burma. 47 ——and. 46
future, 678 from. 575 581, 630 — in Trieste. 107 N. Ireland and, 676
hit by su'cide plane. 226 Air Power, againstJapan, 67 Ambush, mock, at Rowsley, 212 Australian, in N. Guinea, 137 radar and, 362
H.M.S. Habbakuk, 774 Allied, Germany and, 67 Americans, in Leipzig, 49 —British, in Berlin. 234, 239 Atlantic Ocean, mines in. 198
LigFhlteetFleet: see Light tBrorli,ti3sh23Government Con- ——liinnkP-iulspen,wit1h08Russians, 40, 57 iinn DHaammabsucrugs,,3I8S,O71 AAttloanmtiiccIsBleo.mHb.,M.Si.n,a2c8t2io-n8,3 3/7
N, Ireland repairs, 677 in Burma. 580 —in Tokyo, 395 ——plastic, for M.N., 397 devastation by, 344
U.S.. dive-bombed. /25 and preventive action. 227 See also U-S.A. S. African; at Monza, 109 Germany'sresearchessabo-
See also Escort Carriers Air Raids, German, British Amiens, prison cracked, Armoured Brigade (11th), In taged, 375
Aircraft Factory, assemble; casualties, 28 R.N.Z.A.F. and, 83 Berlin. 200 Gwynn on, 292
wardrobes. 554 onJapan,Okinawaand,202 Ammunition, German. In Armoured Car. Japanese, in Hammerton on, 291
AircrsamafaltvkaegPserodhdeoupucostteis,o,n4.2267,9Mi4n4.2 of., Air-r39a,idd3e7Sm0ohleilttieorns,,30in,7B9r3e,m7e9n4, AmphAEiuubsritoorpiueas,, 236C/raft, convoys, ArmoJaanuvdar.eD4d.1D8.Ctoarnpkss.,40C0a-n0a1dian, AtomsMitacocrmyiElnolefa,rng2y7o,8n,,F2o28r80e4,ign57iMin-
Air Disarmament Wings. 349 — at Hamm, 15 Amsterdam, labour exchange Roy.Tl, and Csnai Defence — isters on, 600
AAiirrfeiye.ldLt.C(oEn.s)tErducmtuinodnWUanritd,21i8n aHsampomlelrintgonstaotino.ns5,42224 -lun3c0h8 in, 419 ArmourLeidghtD.iv4i7s0ion (6th), sign, Ato—mpiecacTehetoirmye,uHsaesm,me4r3t9on on,
Hongkong. 7/2 in Tubes, bunks re- Amur R.. Russians cross, 258 70 350
Airri6ew0ladrs,onG.e2r8man, T.A.F. use. Air-rBariidtainm.Yoe6va0rendi,ngfs5,9 end in AAnnaanm2di9a3(MWaahirdoMli,niKs.teorf),Sisaumi,ci6d/e3, AArrmmsyt1,r67onAgl,baCnaipatn.,J.71M9., R.A.N., AAttroomcciihtciiessoW,nefaioplnmo,snsof4..38/S4e8ton Hut-
A.T.S. Brooks
A.T^., armed Mcort for. 570 —Balikpapan (cont.f Belgium, Fleming-Walloon BInka, T., and Woodford poll, Boosters, for rocker bombs. 632
——i<nf CB«tnrilbin«.rl«2]4f4, 479 ——Amuosrttraarliacnrsewtaakte.,273342, 333 —4nvdalsaitoannsloofn.,H45a1mmarton on, Biggi2n55Hill, fighter station. 377 B"oBroaomz.era.i"rfiaenltdi-arta.da1r36device,686
^-«mbark it Oo*«r, 459 oilfield captured. 227 574 429 Bormann. Martin, and Hitler's
——^ndM7German recontcruclion, BBaalllloooonns-.bomJbasp.anesJeapaneexspel.osiv1e5.6 Bell.dDurmi.ve4r32W-a4l3t3er, and Tran- BBiigtliWnignhgasm,,Cnhiitnreastee,bionyd.us5t/ry4 at, Born.deaU.tSh.. e5n2t2er, 64
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