The Second International Symposium on Signed Language Interpretation and Translation Research: Selected Papers PDF
Preview The Second International Symposium on Signed Language Interpretation and Translation Research: Selected Papers
The Second International Symposium on Signed Language Interpretation and Translation Research Melanie Metzger and Earl Fleetwood, Editors VoLume 1 From Topic Boundaries to Omission: New Research on Interpretation VoLume 2 Attitudes, Innuendo, and Regulators VoLume 3 Translation, Sociolinguistic, and Consumer Issues in Interpreting VoLume 4 Interpreting in Legal Settings VoLume 5 Prosodic Markers and Utterance Boundaries in American Sign Language Interpretation VoLume 6 Toward a Deaf Translation Norm VoLume 7 Interpreting in Multilingual, Multicultural Contexts VoLume 8 Video Relay Service Interpreters VoLume 9 Signed Language Interpreting in Brazil VoLume 10 More Than Meets the Eye VoLume 11 Deaf Interpreters at Work VoLume 12 Investigations in Healthcare Interpreting VoLume 13 Signed Language Interpretation and Translation Research VoLume 14 Linguistic Coping Strategies in Sign Language Interpreting VoLume 15 Signed Language Interpreting in the Workplace VoLume 16 Here or There VoLume 17 Professional Autonomy in Video Relay Service Interpreting VoLume 18 The Second International Symposium on Signed Language Interpretation and Translation Research The Second International Symposium on Signed Language Interpretation and Translation Research Selected Papers Danielle I. J. Hunt and Emily Shaw, Editors GaLLaudeT unIVeRSITy PReSS Washington, DC Studies in Interpretation A Series Edited by Melanie Metzger and Earl Fleetwood Gallaudet University Press Washington, DC 20002 http://gupress.gallaudet.edu © 2020 by Gallaudet University All rights reserved. Published 2020 Printed in the United States of America ISBN (casebound) 978-1-944838-51-5 ISBN (ebook) 978-1-944838-52-2 ISSN 1545-7613 This paper meets the requirements of ANSI/NISO Z39.48-1992 (Permanence of Paper). Cover design by Jordan Wannemacher. Contents Preface vii Danielle I. J. Hunt and Emily Shaw ChaPTeR 1 Introducing Research to Sign Language Interpreter Students: From Horror to Passion? 3 Annemiek Hammer, Jan Nijen Twilhaar, and Beppie van den Bogaerde ChaPTeR 2 Interpreting in Ghana 20 Elisa Maroney, Daniel Fobi, Brenda Puhlman, and Carolina Mmbro Buadee ChaPTeR 3 The Role of French Deaf Translators, Case Study: The Paris Attacks, November 13, 2015 36 Aurélia Nana Gassa Gonga ChaPTeR 4 Use of Haptic Signals in Interaction With Deaf-Blind Persons 58 Eli Raanes ChaPTeR 5 Overlapping Circles or Rather an Onion: The Position of Flemish Sign Language Interpreters Vis-à-Vis the Flemish Deaf Community 80 Eline Devoldere and Myriam Vermeerbergen ChaPTeR 6 Striking a Cognitive Balance: Processing Time in Auslan-to-English Simultaneous Interpreting 108 Jihong Wang ChaPTeR 7 Examining the Acoustic Prosodic Features of American Sign Language-to-English Interpreting 132 Sanyukta Jaiswal, Eric Klein, Brenda Nicodemus, and Brenda Seal ChaPTeR 8 Reframing the Role of the Interpreter in a Technological Environment 147 Erica Alley ChaPTeR 9 Deaf Employees’ Perspectives on Signed Language Interpreting in the Workplace 164 Paul B. Harrelson Contributors 181 Index 183 vi : contents Preface Danielle I. J. Hunt and Emily Shaw Over a beautiful spring weekend in 2017, more than 260 people from countries such as Ghana, Norway, Belgium, Sweden, Brazil, Panama, Haiti, and the United States converged at Gallaudet University to dis- cuss current research in translation and interpreting studies. The second Signed Language Interpretation and Translation Research Symposium hosted by the Department of Interpretation and Translation’s (DoIT) Center for the Advancement of Interpretation and Translation Research (CAITR) brought together researchers, students, educators, and prac- titioners alike. The mission of CAITR is to cultivate activities that advance knowledge about signed language interpreting and translation research and its effect on communication for Deaf individuals. The purpose of the symposium was to promote the exchange of scholar- ship on these topics as well as provide a platform for interdisciplinary research across various fields, including linguistics, communication, sociology, psychology, anthropology, and education. The symposium not only showcased researchers who examine interpretation and trans- lation from different theoretical frameworks, but also provided a rare opportunity for individuals from different cultural backgrounds to net- work and exchange ideas. This event was the second of its kind—the first symposium was held in 2014—but stood out as compared to its predecessor. Triple the number of proposals were submitted for this event, and attendees were not disap- pointed. After 3 days, registrants departed having seen 36 presentations and 32 posters about topics such as prosody, workplace interpreting, trust, social and pragmatic considerations, and linguistic flexibility, to name a few. Keynote speakers included Dr. Robert Adam of the United Kingdom, Dr. Beppie van den Bogaerde of the Netherlands, and Dr. Xiaoyan Xiao of China. On the first day, Dr. van den Bogaerde, an English-Dutch inter- preter and linguist presented “Introducing Research to Sign Language Interpreter Students: From Horror to Passion?” which is featured as the vii first chapter in this volume of selected works. Dr. Xiaoyan Xiao presented “Sign Lan–age on Chinese TV: Aw–eness and Ac–s, but Still M–sing the Mark” on the second day, where she discussed the difficulties of TV news interpreting in China. To begin the final day of the symposium, Dr. Adam summarized events from the Deaf Interpreter Summit held before the second symposium and then presented research related to Deaf practi- tioners in his presentation “Mind the Gap: What Is Missing for Deaf Interpreters and Translators?” A call for papers was announced at the conference requesting present- ers submit manuscripts based on their talks. Several presenters submit- ted, and nine of these papers were selected and are presented here. In Chapter 1, “Introducing Research to Sign Language Interpreter Students: From Horror to Passion?” Annemiek Hammer, Jan Nijen Twilhaar, and Beppie van den Bogaerde focus on one interpreter education program in Hogeschool Utrecht, University of Applied Sciences in the Netherlands and their effort to infuse research into the undergraduate level of inter- preting education. The chapter provides critical information about the foundation of this program, the content of its research curriculum, and directions for future applications of research-based interpreter education. Several ideas for next steps are provided, including training interpreter educators about the research process so they can better instruct students how to do so. The next chapter, “Interpreting in Ghana,” highlights current practices among interpreters as they navigate the relatively new interpreting pro- fession in the country. Elisa Maroney, Daniel Fobi, Brenda Puhlman, and Carolina Mmbro Buadee collected surveys, conducted interviews, and documented observations of 13 individuals engaged in interpreting work to determine what interpreters are currently doing as well as how they entered the profession. Several efforts are underway to promote the edu- cation of more interpreters, as there is an increasing demand for skilled professionals to serve deaf people in Ghana. In the third chapter, “The Role of French Deaf Translators,” Aurélia Nana Gassa Gonga provides a fascinating account of the current state of Deaf translators, with special focus placed on their work in France after the Paris attacks on November 13, 2015. The events that occurred on this date were newsworthy; many television channels interrupted their pro- gramming to report on them. However, these programs were not closed captioned and did not include sign language interpreters on screen. Born of necessity, Deaf translators created a live Facebook page to report on viii : Preface the events directly, and then to also interpret and translate news items via hearing interpreters and Deaf translators. In addition to analyzing the contents of the Facebook page, interviews with two of the Deaf transla- tors helped to uncover the strategies they used to translate the content. In Chapter 4, “Use of Haptic Signals in Interaction with Deaf-Blind Persons,” Eli Raanes describes the form and interactive function of haptic signals from two interpretations involving deaf-blind consumers. The interpreted interactions were analyzed for their content, and then during postinteraction interviews, the deaf-blind participants revealed strong recollections of the setup of the room and the contributions of the respective participants. This chapter underscores the interactive benefits of haptic signals and sheds light on a crucial specialty in interpreting. To address a perennial issue of the composition of deaf communities, Eline Devoldere and Myriam Vermeerbergen in Chapter 5, “Overlapping Circles or Rather an Onion: The Position of Flemish Sign Language Interpreters Vis-à-Vis the Flemish Deaf Community,” explore where hear- ing sign language interpreters fit. Given recent shifts in the sociocultural and political landscape in Flanders, sign language interpreters are begin- ning to work more frequently in a wider variety of settings, and Deaf people have played a central role in selecting interpreters. Interviews and surveys of Deaf Flemish people were used to explore the notion of mem- bership in the Deaf community and to see if hearing interpreters were included in that group. In Chapter 6, “Striking a Cognitive Balance: Processing Time in Auslan-to-English Simultaneous Interpreting,” Jihong Wang looks at 30 professional Auslan–English interpreters’ use of time lag when interpret- ing a formal Auslan speech into English at a national conference. She focused on two types of Auslan sentences: those containing numbers near or at the end and those ending with negation. Quantitative results were discussed using representative examples to illustrate how time lag was closely related to effective interpreting strategies. Qualitative results supported these findings. As expected, interpreters’ time lag varied from person to person and from place to place, but excessively long or short time lags proved to be problematic. As often expressed through anec- dotes, this chapter provides much needed empirical evidence supported in its findings. One goal of interpreting is effectively producing a message in English that portrays the emotional affect of an American Sign Language (ASL) text. In Chapter 7, “Examining the Acoustic Prosodic Features of Preface : ix
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