The Sage Handbook of Social Network Analysis

641 Pages·2011·20.763 MB·English

by  Scott, John P(Editor)

S
c
‘An outstanding volume that brings together contributions from the world’s leading experts on social o
t
network analysis. Methods, theory and substantive applications are presented in a clear exposition making t

this the most comprehensive text available in this rapidly expanding and changing field. For anyone with a
n
any interest in social networks this is quite simply a “must have” book.’ d
Martin Everett, Professor of Social Network Analysis, Manchester University, UK C
The SAGE Handbook of
a
‘There is something for everyone in The SAGE Handbook of Social Network Analysis. Whether you are r
r
brand new to the field or a seasoned expert, interested in the theoretical underpinnings of network inE Social Network Analysis
d
analysis or the methodological nuts and bolts associated with analyzing the evolution of an affiliation git
te
network over time, this book is a must have.’ od
Michael Schwartz, Chair, Department of Sociology, Stony Brook University, USA n by

This sparkling Handbook offers an unrivalled resource for those engaged in the cutting edge field of
social network analysis. Systematically, it introduces readers to the key concepts, substantive topics, central
methods and prime debates. Among the specific areas covered are:
S
o
• Network theory • Corporate networks • Measuring devices
• Interdisciplinary applications • Lobbying networks • Key Methodologies c
• Online networks • Deviant networks • Software applications. ia
l

The result is a peerless resource for teachers and students which offers a critical survey of the field’s N
origins, basic issues and major debates. The Handbook provides a one-stop guide that will be used by
e
T
readers for decades to come. th
we

S
John Scott is Professor in Sociology at Plymouth University. oA
Peter J. Carrington is Professor of Sociology and Legal Studies at the University of Waterloo. rG
kE
A H Edited by
a
nn
John Scott
d and
ab
lo Peter J. Carrington
yo
sk
i o
s
f
The SAGE Handbook of
Social Network
Analysis
55660055--SSccootttt--FFMM..iinndddd ii 44//1155//22001111 1111::5588::3399 AAMM
‘An outstanding volume that brings together contributions from the world’s leading experts on
social network analysis. Methods, theory and substantive applications are presented in a clear
exposition making this the most comprehensive text available in this rapidly expanding and
changing field. For anyone with any interest in social networks this is quite simply a “must
have” book.’
Martin Everett, Professor of Social Network Analysis, Manchester University, UK
‘There is something for everyone in The SAGE Handbook of Social Network Analysis.
Whether you are brand new to the field or a seasoned expert, interested in the theoretical under-
pinnings of network analysis or the methodological nuts and bolts associated with analyzing
the evolution of an affiliation network over time, this book is a must have.’
Michael Schwartz, Chair, Department of Sociology, Stony Brook University, USA
‘Over the past decades Social Network Analysis has broadened its scope from anthropology
and sociology to all behavioral and social sciences, from social and organizational psychology
to management science and economics. This Handbook provides well-founded introductions
and overviews for a broad range of social network studies, approaches, and methodology.
It is a must for everybody who is interested in the way social network relations evolve, are
structured and affect outcomes in any part of our life and society.’
Frans N. Stokman, Professor of Social Science Research Methodology, ICS,
University of Groningen, The Netherlands
55660055--SSccootttt--FFMM..iinndddd iiii 44//1155//22001111 1111::5588::4400 AAMM
The SAGE Handbook of
Social Network
Analysis
Edited by
John Scott and
Peter J. Carrington
55660055--SSccootttt--FFMM..iinndddd iiiiii 44//1155//22001111 1111::5588::4400 AAMM
Chapter 1/Introduction © Peter J. Carrington & John Scott Chapter 20 © Paul DiMaggio 2011
2011 Chapter 21 © Ron Johnston & Charles Pattie 2011
Chapter 2 © Alexandra Marin & Barry Wellman 2011 Chapter 22 © Edward L. Kick, Laura A. McKinney, Steve
Chapter 3 © Linton C. Freeman 2011 McDonald & Andrew Jorgenson 2011
Chapter 4 © Stephen P. Borgatti & Virginie Lopez-Kidwell Chapter 23 © Robert A. Hanneman & Mark Riddle 2011
2011 Chapter 24 © Robert A. Hanneman & Mark Riddle 2011
Chapter 5 © John Scott 2011 Chapter 25 © Peter V. Marsden 2011
Chapter 6 © Sanjeev Goyal 2011 Chapter 26 © Ove Frank 2011
Chapter 7 © Ann Mische 2011 Chapter 27 © Betina Hollstein 2011
Chapter 8 © Vincent Chua, Julia Madej & Barry Wellman 2011 Chapter 28 © Stephen P. Borgatti & Daniel S. Halgin 2011
Chapter 9 © Lijun Song, Joonmo Son & Nan Lin 2011 Chapter 29 © Anuška Ferligoj, Patrick Doreian & Vladimir
Chapter 10 © Douglas R. White 2011 Batagelj 2011
Chapter 11 © Katherine Faust 2011 Chapter 30 © Philippa Pattison 2011
Chapter 12 © Anatoliy Gruzd & Caroline Haythornthwaite Chapter 31 © Marijtje A.J. van Duijn & Mark Huisman 2011
2011 Chapter 32 © Garry Robins 2011
Chapter 13 © William K. Carroll & J. P. Sapinski 2011 Chapter 33 © Tom A.B. Snijders 2011
Chapter 14 © Matthew Bond & Nicholas Harrigan 2011 Chapter 34 © Weihua (Edward) An 2011
Chapter 15 © David Knoke 2011 Chapter 35 © Klaus Hamberger, Michael Houseman &
Chapter 16 © Mario Diani 2011 Douglas R. White 2011
Chapter 17 © Peter J. Carrington 2011 Chapter 36 © Vladimir Batagelj 2011
Chapter 18 © Renée C. van der Hulst 2011 Chapter 37 © Lothar Krempel 2011
Chapter 19 © Howard D. White 2011 Chapter 38 © Mark Huisman & Marijtje A.J. van Duijn 2011
First published 2011
Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or
review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication
may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the
prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduc-
tion, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency.
Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers.
SAGE Publications Ltd
1 Oliver’s Yard
55 City Road
London EC1Y 1SP
SAGE Publications Inc.
2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, California 91320
SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd
B 1/I 1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area
Mathura Road, Post Bag 7
New Delhi 110 044
SAGE Publications Asia-Pacifi c Pte Ltd
33 Pekin Street #02-01 Far East Square Singapore 048763
Library of Congress Control Number 2010935654
British Library Cataloguing in Publication data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN 978-1-84787-395-8
Typeset by by Glyph International, Bangalore, India
Printed in Great Britain by MPG Books Group, Bodmin, Cornwall
Printed on paper from sustainable resources
55660055--SSccootttt--FFMM..iinndddd iivv 44//1155//22001111 1111::5588::4400 AAMM
Contents
Notes on Contributors ix
Acknowledgements xvii
1 Introduction 1
Peter J. Carrington and John Scott
SECTION I GENERAL ISSUES 9
2 Social Network Analysis: An Introduction 11
Alexandra Marin and Barry Wellman
3 The Development of Social Network Analysis – with an
Emphasis on Recent Events 26
Linton C. Freeman
4 Network Theory 40
Stephen P. Borgatti and Virginie Lopez-Kidwell
5 Social Physics and Social Networks 55
John Scott
6 Social Networks in Economics 67
Sanjeev Goyal
7 Relational Sociology, Culture, and Agency 80
Ann Mische
SECTION II SUBSTANTIVE TOPICS 99
8 Personal Communities: The World According to Me 101
Vincent Chua, Julia Madej, and Barry Wellman
9 Social Support 116
Lijun Song, Joonmo Son, and Nan Lin
10 Kinship, Class, and Community 129
Douglas R. White
55660055--SSccootttt--FFMM..iinndddd vv 44//1155//22001111 1111::5588::4400 AAMM
vi CONTENTS
11 Animal Social Networks 148
Katherine Faust
12 Networking Online: Cybercommunities 167
Anatoliy Gruzd and Caroline Haythornthwaite
13 Corporate Elites and Intercorporate Networks 180
William K. Carroll and J.P. Sapinski
14 Political Dimensions of Corporate Connections 196
Matthew Bond and Nicholas Harrigan
15 Policy Networks 210
David Knoke
16 Social Movements and Collective Action 223
Mario Diani
17 Crime and Social Network Analysis 236
Peter J. Carrington
18 Terrorist Networks: The Threat of Connectivity 256
Renée C. van der Hulst
19 Scientific and Scholarly Networks 271
Howard D. White
20 Cultural Networks 286
Paul DiMaggio
21 Social Networks, Geography and Neighbourhood Effects 301
Ron Johnston and Charles Pattie
22 A Multiple-Network Analysis of the World System
of Nations, 1995–1999 311
Edward L. Kick, Laura A. McKinney,
Steve McDonald, and Andrew Jorgenson
SECTION III CONCEPTS AND METHODS 329
23 A Brief Introduction to Analyzing Social Network Data 331
Robert A. Hanneman and Mark Riddle
24 Concepts and Measures for Basic Network Analysis 340
Robert A. Hanneman and Mark Riddle
25 Survey Methods for Network Data 370
Peter V. Marsden
55660055--SSccootttt--FFMM..iinndddd vvii 44//1155//22001111 1111::5588::4411 AAMM
CONTENTS vii
26 Survey Sampling in Networks 389
Ove Frank
27 Qualitative Approaches 404
Betina Hollstein
28 Analyzing Affiliation Networks 417
Stephen P. Borgatti and Daniel S. Halgin
29 Positions and Roles 434
Anuška Ferligoj, Patrick Doreian, and Vladimir Batagelj
30 Relation Algebras and Social Networks 447
Philippa Pattison
31 Statistical Models for Ties and Actors 459
Marijtje A.J. van Duijn and Mark Huisman
32 Exponential Random Graph Models for Social Networks 484
Garry Robins
33 Network Dynamics 501
Tom A.B. Snijders
34 Models and Methods to Identify Peer Effects 514
Weihua (Edward) An
35 Kinship Network Analysis 533
Klaus Hamberger, Michael Houseman, and Douglas R. White
36 Large-Scale Network Analysis 550
Vladimir Batagelj
37 Network Visualization 558
Lothar Krempel
38 A Reader’s Guide to SNA Software 578
Mark Huisman and Marijtje A.J. van Duijn
Index 601
55660055--SSccootttt--FFMM..iinndddd vviiii 44//1155//22001111 1111::5588::4411 AAMM
55660055--SSccootttt--FFMM..iinndddd vviiiiii 44//1155//22001111 1111::5588::4411 AAMM
Notes on Contributors
Weihua (Edward) An is a PhD candidate in Sociology, doctoral fellow in the Multidisciplinary Program
in Inequality and Social Policy at the Kennedy School of Government and a graduate associate in the
Institute for Quantitative Social Science and the Fairbank Center for Chinese Studies at Harvard
University. He earned a master’s degree in Statistics from Harvard (in 2009) and has strong interests in
quantitative methods, especially social network analysis, causal inference, and Bayesian statistics. His
general substantive interests span a variety of areas, including sociology of health, inequality and social
policy and organizations. Currently, he focuses on formal and statistical analysis of peer effects on health
and social behaviours, and social-network-based policy interventions. He is working on several projects,
including ‘Bayesian Propensity Score Estimators: Incorporating Uncertainties in Propensity Score into
Causal Inference’ (forthcoming in Sociological Methodology), ‘Instrument Variable Estimates of Peer
Effects on Health Behaviors’, ‘Directionality of Social Ties and the Edge-Reversal Test of Peer Effects’
and ‘Peer Effects on Adolescent Cigarette Smoking and Social-Network-Based Interventions: Experimental
Evidence from China’.
Vladimir Batagelj is Professor of Discrete and Computational Mathematics at the University of
Ljubljana. His main research interests are in graph theory, algorithms on graphs and networks, combina-
torial optimization, data analysis and applications of information technology in education. With A. Mrvar,
he has developed Pajek, http://pajek.imfm.si, a program for analysis and visualization of large networks.
He is author and coauthor of several papers published in scientific journals (CACM, Psychometrika,
Journal of Classification, Social Networks, Discrete Mathematics, Algorithmica, Journal of Mathemati-
cal Sociology, etc.) and in proceedings of international conferences. Recently he coauthored two
books: Generalized Blockmodeling (with P. Doreian and A. Ferligoj) and Exploratory Network
Analysis with Pajek (with W. de Nooy and A. Mrvar). These books were published in 2005 by
Cambridge University Press. The book Generalized Blockmodeling was awarded a Harrison White
Outstanding Book Award by the Mathematical Sociology Section of the American Sociological
Association in 2007.
Matthew Bond is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Social and Policy Studies, Faculty of Arts and
Human Sciences, London South Bank University. His main research interests are the quantitative analysis
of corporate political behaviour, corporate charity and the British Establishment.
Stephen P. Borgatti is the Paul Chellgren Chair of Management at the University of Kentucky. His
research interests include social network theory and methodology, knowledge management and career
trajectories. He is a member of the LINKS Center for Social Network Analysis in Management, and has
recently coauthored a piece on network theory in Science with his LINKS Center colleagues.
Peter J. Carrington is Professor of Sociology and Legal Studies at the University of Waterloo and editor
of Canadian Journal of Criminology and Criminal Justice. His current research, the Canadian Criminal
Careers and Criminal Networks Study, combines his long-standing interests in social network analysis
and in crime and delinquency. Other interests include police discretion and the impact of the Canadian
55660055--SSccootttt--FFMM..iinndddd iixx 44//1155//22001111 1111::5588::4411 AAMM