EDITORIAL BOARD Robert A. Ackerman, PhD, University of Texas at Dallas Jonathan M. Adler, PhD, Olin College of Engineering Mathias Allemand, PhD, Universität Zürich Jack J. Bauer, PhD, University of Dayton Peter Borkenau, PhD, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg Bradley J. Brummel, PhD, University of Tulsa Amy B. Brunell, PhD, The Ohio State University at Mansfield Susan T. Charles, PhD, University of California at Irvine A. Timothy Church, PhD, Washington State University C. Randall Colvin, PhD, Northeastern University Anthony D. Hermann, PhD, Bradley University Jan Hofer, PhD, Universität Osnabrück Christopher J. Holden, PhD, Appalachian State University Chris J. Jackson, PhD, University of New South Wales Sydney John A. Johnson, PhD, Pennsylvania State University Kevin Lanning, PhD, Florida Atlantic University Christopher T. Leone, PhD, University of North Florida Shanhong Luo, PhD, University of North Carolina Wilmington Charlotte N. Markey, PhD, Rutgers University Matthew J. W. McLarnon, PhD, Oakland University Kate C. McLean, PhD, Western Washington University Fred L. Oswald, PhD, Rice University Peter J. Rentfrow, PhD, University of Cambridge Willibald Ruch, PhD, Universität Zürich William G. Shadel, PhD, RAND Corporation Jefferson A. Singer, PhD, Connecticut College Ashton C. Southard, PhD, Oakland University Steven J. Stanton, PhD, Oakland University Howard Tennen, PhD, University of Connecticut Health Center Todd M. Thrash, PhD, College of William and Mary Viviana A. Weekes-Shackelford, PhD, Oakland University Dustin Wood, PhD, Wake Forest University SAGE Publications Ltd Chapter 1 © Robert R. McCrae Chapter 1 6 © Cindy .K Chung 1 Oliver’s Yard 2018 and aJ mes .W Pennebaker 2018 55 City Road Chapter 2 © eJ nnifer oV nk and Chapter 1 7 © Steffen Nestler London EC1Y 1SP Taryn Eaton 2018 2018 Chapter 3 © Robert .F Bornstein, Chapter 18 © eK vin Lanning, SAGE Publications Inc. Crista E. Maracic and Adam P. 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Cover Design : eW ndy Scott Michael uF rr 2018 Typeset by : Cenveo Publisher Services Printed in the KU Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enuq iries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. At SAGE we take sustainability seriously. Most of our products are printed in the Library of Congress Control Number: 2017955554 UK using responsibly sourced papers and boards. hW en we print overseas we British Library Cataloguing in Publication data ensure sustainable papers are used as measured by the PREPS grading system. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library eW undertake an annual audit to monitor our sustainability. ISBN 987 -1-5246 -451-7 9 Contents List of Figures vi List of Tables x Notes on the Editors and Contributors xi PART I T HEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES ON PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 1 1 Defining Traits 3 Robert R. McCrae 2 Personality in Nonhuman Animals: Comparative Perspectives and Applications 23 Jennifer Vonk and Taryn Eaton 3 The Psychodynamic Perspective 52 Robert F. Bornstein, Crista E. Maracic and Adam P. Natoli 4 The Transdisciplinary Philosophy-of-Science Paradigm for Research on Individuals: Foundations for the Science of Personality and Individual Differences 84 Jana Uher 5 Socioanalytic Theory: Basic Concepts, Supporting Evidence and Practical Implications 110 Robert Hogan and Gerhard Blickle 6 Why Do Traits Come Together? The Underlying Trait and Network Aproaches 130 René Mõttus and Mike H. Allerhand 7 Implicit Theories of Personality Across Development: Impacts on Coping, Resilience and Mental Health 152 Jessica L. Schleider and Hans S. Schroder 8 Contemporary Integrative Interpersonal Theory of Personality 171 Sindes Dawood, Emily A. Dowgwillo, Leila Z. Wu and Aaron L. Pincus 9 Evolutionary Perspectives on Personality and Individual Differences 203 Yael Sela and Nicole Barbaro iv THE SAGE HANDBOOK OF PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES PART II R ESEARCH STRATEGIES FOR STUDYING PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 229 10 Measuring Personality Processes in the Lab and the Field 231 Cornelia Wrzus, Martin Quintus and Anna Baumert 11 Movement Pattern Analysis (MPA): Decoding Individual Differences in Embodied Decision Making 257 Brenda L. Connors, Carol-Lynne Moore, Richard Rende and Timothy J. Colton 12 The Various Roles of Replication in Scientific Research 278 Gregory Francis 13 Implicit Measures 287 Michela Schröder-Abé and Ramzi Fatfouta 14 Ambulatory Monitoring and Ambulatory Assessment in Personality Research 305 Mario Wenzel and Thomas Kubiak 15 Behavioral Observation in the Study of Personality and Individual Differences 317 Christopher S. Nave, Michael G. Feeney and R. Michael Furr 16 What Do We Know When We LIWC a Person? Text Analysis as an Assessment Tool for Traits, Personal Concerns and Life Stories 341 Cindy K. Chung and James W. Pennebaker 17 Longitudinal Data Analysis for Personality Psychologists 361 Steffen Nestler 18 The Network Structure of Personality Psychology: What The SAGE Handbook of Personality and Individual Differences Tells Us about the Nature of the Field 384 Kevin Lanning, Sonia Baron and Gregory D. Webster PART III T HE MEASUREMENT OF PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 407 19 Pathological Personality Traits: The Movement toward Dimensional Approaches to Psychopathology 409 Zara E. Wright and Robert F. Krueger 20 Conceptualizing and Measuring Intelligence 439 Gilles E. Gignac Contents vii 21 Measurement of Situational Influences 465 Kai T. Horstmann, John F. Rauthmann and Ryne A. Sherman 22 Taxometric Analysis 485 David K. Marcus and Alyssa L. Norris 23 Within-person Variability in Narcissism 503 Miranda Giacomin and Christian H. Jordan 24 Interpersonal Perception Models 519 Jeremy C. Biesanz 25 Accounting for Socially Desirable Responding in Personality Assessment 535 Joyce H. L. Lui, Christopher T. Barry and Katrina H. McDougall 26 Personality Assessment in Forensic Psychology 548 John F. Edens, David DeMatteo, Shannon E. Kelley and Shelby Arnold 27 Measuring the Dark Side of Personality 573 Beth A. Visser and Stephanie Campbell 28 Putting Time in a Wider Perspective: The Past, the Present and the Future of Time Perspective Theory 592 Maciej Stolarski, Nicolas Fieulaine and Philip G. Zimbardo Index 629 List of Figures 1.1 A sketch of a taxonomy of individual difference variables 4 1.2 P ersonality profle for Molière’s Alceste 8 1.3 A representation of the Five-Factor Theory personality system 14 2.1 M ethodologies for nonhuman personality research 25 2.2 T he interpersonal circumplex consists of eight octants 28 3.1 D evelopment of the Id, Ego and Superego in classical psychoanalytic theory 56 3.2 E volution of psychodynamic perspectives on personality 67 4.1 F undamental circularity of explanations based on trait concepts and fndings generated with assessment methods in ‘personality’ research 103 5.1 I dentity and the division of labor within groups 119 6.1 T he model of a trait as an underlying cause of its associated characteristics 131 6.2 P erson vectors in three-dimensional feature space 132 6.3 A hypothetical network of fve personality characteristics (a, b, c, d and e) and their relationships 136 6.4 G enetic variance in a trait consisting of characteristics x, z, y and u may appear as partly non-additive 146 8.1 T he agency and communion meta-framework 175 8.2 I nterpersonal circumplex (traits/problems) 176 8.3 T he circumplex structural summary 178 8.4 I nterpersonal fux, pulse and spin 181 8.5 I nterpersonal complementarity using Continuous Assessment of Interpersonal Dynamics 186 1.1 S ample MPA Profle Chart 26 17.1A An autoregressive panel model for one variable 365 17.1B An autoregressive cross-lag panel model for two variables 365 17.2 A longitudinal autoregressive model for a single dyadic variable 374 18.1 F rom citation to structural network 386 18.2 L inks between Handbook chapters based on a priori sections 392 18.3 E mpirical partitions of the structural network 394 18.4 E mpirical communities based on k-clique analysis 396 19.1 H ierarchical model of maladaptive personality 414 19.2 R elationship between Five-Factor Model Domains and DSM-5 Trait Model Traits 420 19.3 I ntegrated hierarchical model of diagnostic and maladaptive personality indicators 424 21.1 O verview of situation characteristic taxonomies 475 24.1 Q uartile plot of levels of unstandardized self–other agreement, b, as a function of different levels of analysis on the same dataset 524 24.2 B asic lens model for impresions of sociable 528 28.1 T wo-dimensional space illustrating similarities and differences between various features of human temporal-psychological functioning 596 List of figures ix 28.2 C onstraint continuum of TP measures 598 28.3 G raphical conceptualization of the TP universe 600 28.4 G raphical illustration of the BTP profle 603 28.5 T he interplay of Trait-TP and Situation in determining individual behavior 614