The Routledge Handbook of World Englishes (Routledge Handbooks in Applied Linguistics)

727 Pages·2010·34.79 MB·English

by  Andy Kirkpatrick

The Routledge Handbook of
World Englishes
The Routledge Handbook of World Englishes constitutes a comprehensive introduction
to the study of world Englishes, drawing on the expertise of leading authors within the
field.
The handbook is structured in six sections covering historical perspectives, core issues
and topics and new debates which together provide a thorough overview of the field,
taking into account the new directions in which the discipline is heading. Among the
key themes covered are the development of English as a lingua franca among speakers
for whom English is a common but not first language, the parallel development of
English as a medium of instruction in educational institutions throughout the world and
the role of English as the international language of scholarship and scholarly publish-
ing, as well as the development of computer-mediated Englishes, including cyberprose.
The Handbook also includes a substantial introduction from the editor.
The Routledge Handbook of World Englishes is the ideal resource for postgraduate
students of applied linguistics as well as those in related degrees such as applied English
language and TESOL/TEFL.
Andy Kirkpatrick is Chair Professor of English as an International Language at the
Hong Kong Institute of Education.
Routledge Handbooks in Applied Linguistics
Routledge Handbooks in Applied Linguistics provide comprehensive overviews of the
key topics in applied linguistics. All entries for the handbooks are specially commis-
sioned and written by leading scholars in the field. Clear, accessible and carefully
edited Routledge Handbooks in Applied Linguistics are the ideal resource for both
advanced undergraduates and postgraduate students.
The Routledge Handbook of Corpus Linguistics
Edited by Anne O’Keeffe and Michael McCarthy
The Routledge Handbook of Forensic Linguistics
Edited by Malcolm Coulthard and Alison Johnson
The Routledge Handbook of World Englishes
Edited by Andy Kirkpatrick
Forthcoming
The Routledge Handbook of Multilingualism
Edited by Marilyn Martin-Jones, Adrian Blackledge and Angela Creese
The Routledge Handbook of Applied Linguistics
Edited by James Simpson
The Routledge Handbook of Second Language Acquisition
Edited by Susan Gass and Alison Mackey
The Routledge Handbook of Discourse Analysis
Edited by James Paul Gee and Michael Handford
The Routledge Handbook of Translation Studies
Edited by Carmen Millan Varela and Francesca Bartrina
The Routledge Handbook of Language Testing
Edited by Glenn Fulcher and Fred Davidson
The Routledge Handbook of Intercultural Communication
Edited by Jane Jackson
The Routledge Handbook
of World Englishes
Edited by
Andy Kirkpatrick
Firstpublished2010
byRoutledge
2ParkSquare,MiltonPark, Abingdon,OxonOX144RN
Simultaneouslypublished intheUSAandCanada
byRoutledge
270Madison Avenue,NewYork,NY10016
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2010.
To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s
collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.
©2010Selection andeditorialmatter,AndyKirkpatrick; individualchapters,
thecontributors
Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproduced or
utilised inanyform orbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orother means,now
knownorhereafter invented,including photocopyingandrecording,orinany
informationstorage orretrievalsystem, withoutpermissionin writingfromthe
publishers.
BritishLibrary CataloguinginPublication Data
Acatalogue recordfor thisbookisavailable fromtheBritishLibrary
Library ofCongressCataloging inPublication Data
TheRoutledgehandbookofworldEnglishes/edited byAndyKirkpatrick.
p.cm.–(Routledgehandbooksinappliedlinguistics)
Includes bibliographicalreferencesandindex.
1.Englishlanguage–Variation–English-speakingcountries.2.English
language–Variation –Foreigncountries.3.English language–Dialects.
I.Kirkpatrick,Andy.
PE1066.K532010
427– dc22 2009051534
ISBN 0-203-84932-9 Master e-book ISBN
ISBN978-0-415-47039-1(hbk)
ISBN978-0-203-84932-3(ebk)
Contents
List of figures ix
List of maps x
List of tables xi
List of contributors xiii
List of abbreviations xx
Introduction 1
Andy Kirkpatrick
Section I: Historical perspectives and ‘traditional’ Englishes 15
1 Standardized English: the history of the earlier circles 17
Daniel R. Davis
2 Grammatical variation in the contemporary spoken English of England 37
David Britain
3 Phonological innovation in contemporary spoken British English 59
Gerard J. Docherty
4 The Englishes of Ireland: emergence and transportation 76
Raymond Hickey
5 The development of Standard American English 96
William A. Kretzschmar, Jr
6 The Englishes of Canada 113
Stephen Levey
v
CONTENTS
7 English in Australia 132
Kate Burridge
8 The English(es) of New Zealand 152
Margaret Maclagan
Section II: Regional varieties and the ‘new’ Englishes 165
9 The development of the English language in India. 167
Joybrato Mukherjee
10 Sri Lankan Englishes 181
Dushyanthi Mendis and Harshana Rambukwella
11 East and West African Englishes: differences and commonalities 197
Hans-Georg Wolf
12 The development of English in Botswana: language policy and education 212
Birgit Smieja and Joyce T. Mathangwane
13 English in Singapore and Malaysia: differences and similarities 229
Low Ee Ling
14 Periphery ELT: the politics and practice of teaching English in the Philippines 247
Isabel Pefianco Martin
15 East Asian Englishes: Japan and Korea 265
Yuko Takeshita
16 Chinese English: a future power? 282
Xu Zhichang
17 Slavic Englishes: education or culture? 299
Zoya Proshina
18 West Indian Englishes: an introduction to literature written in selected
varieties 316
Hazel Simmons-McDonald
19 English and English teaching in Colombia: tensions and possibilities in the
expanding circle 332
Adriana González
Section III: Emerging trends and themes 353
20 Lingua franca English: the European context 355
Barbara Seidlhofer
vi
CONTENTS
21 Developmental patterns of English: similar or different? 372
Edgar W. Schneider
22 Variation across Englishes: phonology 385
David Deterding
23 Variation across Englishes: syntax 400
Bernd Kortmann
24 Mixed codes or varieties of English? 425
James McLellan
25 Semantics and pragmatic conceptualizations within an emerging variety:
Persian English 442
Farzad Sharifian
Section IV: Contemporary contexts and functions 459
26 In defence of foreignness 461
Ha Jin
27 Writing in English(es) 471
Tope Omoniyi
28 Online Englishes 490
Mark Warschauer, Rebecca Black and Yen-Lin Chou
29 The Englishes of business 506
Catherine Nickerson
30 Englishes in advertising 520
Azirah Hashim
31 The Englishes of popular cultures 535
Andrew Moody
32 ‘Thank you for calling’: Asian Englishes and ‘native-like’ performance in
Asian call centres 550
Kingsley Bolton
Section V: Debates and pedagogical implications 565
33 Which norms in everyday practice: and why? 567
T. Ruanni F. Tupas
34 Construing meaning in World Englishes 580
Ahmar Mahboob and Eszter Szenes
vii
CONTENTS
35 Which test of which English and why? 599
Brian Tomlinson
36 When does an unconventional form become an innovation? 617
David C.S. Li
37 Academic Englishes: a standardized knowledge? 634
Anna Mauranen, Carmen Pérez-Llantada and John M. Swales
38 Cameroon: which language, when and why? 653
Augustin Simo Bobda
Section VI: The future 671
39 The future of Englishes: one, many or none? 673
Alastair Pennycook
Index 689
viii
Figures
6.1 Schematization of the Canadian Shift 116
6.2 Comparison of the distribution of major quotative variants used by
Canadian youth, 1995 and 2002–3 122
6.3 Comparison of population by mother tongue (1996–2006) 126
8.1 NZE vowel plots in Hz for 10 males and 10 females, born between
1970 and 1980 156
15.1 Percentages of primary schools with English activities 270
15.2 Attitude to English at primary level 270
15.3 TOEFL scores 2004–5 271
15.4 Numbers of TOEFL takers 271
19.1 The pyramid of Colombian ELT policy 346
22.1 The monophthongs of the Singapore speaker 388
22.2 The monophthongs of the Nigerian speaker 390
22.3 The monophthongs of the Indian speaker 391
23.1 Visualization of principal components of variance in the 76 (cid:1) 46
WAMVE database 411
23.2 Transparency by grammaticity. 413
23.3 Analyticity by simplicity 414
28.1 The overall blogosphere 496
29.1 A categorization of BE interactions in global business 513
31.1 Horizontal and vertical flows in popular culture 543
34.1 Stratification and metafunction in SFL 585
37.1 A proposed space for interdiscursive hybridity in contemporary
academic English 644
38.1 Enrolment figures at the Cameroonian Bilingual Training Programme
from 1986 to 2006 658
ix