The Routledge Handbook of Religious and Spiritual Tourism PDF
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THE ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF RELIGIOUS AND SPIRITUAL TOURISM The Routledge Handbook of Religious and Spiritual Tourism provides a robust and comprehensive state-of-the-art review of the literature in this growing sub-field of tourism. This handbook is split into five distinct sections. The first section covers past and present debates regarding definitions, theories, and concepts related to religious and spiritual tour- ism. Subsequent sections focus on the supply and demand aspects of religious and spiritual tourism markets, and examine issues related to the management side of these markets around the world. Areas under examination include religious theme parks, the UNESCO branding of religious heritage, gender and performance, popular culture, pilgrimage, environmental impacts, and fear and terrorism, among many others. The final section explores emerging and future directions in religious and spiritual tourism, and proposes an agenda for further research. Interdisciplinary in coverage and international in scope through its authorship and con- tent, this book will be essential reading for all students, researchers, and academics interested in Tourism, Religion, Cultural Studies, and Heritage Studies. Daniel H. Olsen is a Professor in the Department of Geography at Brigham Young Uni- versity, USA. Dallen J. Timothy is a Professor in the School of Community Resources and Development at Arizona State University, USA. THE ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF RELIGIOUS AND SPIRITUAL TOURISM Edited by Daniel H. Olsen and Dallen J. Timothy First published 2022 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2022 selection and editorial matter, Daniel H. Olsen and Dallen J. Timothy; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Daniel H. Olsen and Dallen J. Timothy to be identified as the authors of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A catalog record has been requested for this book ISBN: 978-0-367-19195-5 (hbk) ISBN: 978-1-032-02077-8 (pbk) ISBN: 978-0-429-20101-1 (ebk) Typeset in Bembo by codeMantra CONTENTS List of figures ix List of tables x List of contributors xi 1 Investigating the intersections between religion, spirituality, and tourism 1 Daniel H. Olsen and Dallen J. Timothy SECTION I Definitions, theories, and concepts 15 2 Pilgrimages, journeys, and outings: the historical mobilities of religious praxis 17 Tony Seaton 3 The political economy of religious and spiritual tourism 36 Dino Bozonelos 4 The religious and spiritual dimensions of leisure travel 53 Paul Heintzman 5 Religion, spirituality, and wellness tourism 68 Melanie Kay Smith 6 A new spiritual marketplace: comparing new age and new religious movements in an age of spiritual and religious tourism 79 Carole M. Cusack v Contents 7 Fan pilgrimage, religion, and spirituality 90 Daniel H. Olsen 8 Secular pilgrimages in a post-secular world? experiential journeys and hope for the future 111 Chadwick Co Sy Su 9 Pilgrimage, tourism, and peace building 120 Ian S. McIntosh SECTION II Spaces and places 133 10 Environment as a sacred space: religious and spiritual tourism and environmental concerns in Hinduism 135 Rana P.B. Singh, Pravin S. Rana and Daniel H. Olsen 11 Tourism and spirituality: green places, blue spaces, and beyond 152 Richard Sharpley 12 The religious and spiritual appeal of national parks 166 Thomas S. Bremer 13 Religious theme parks 179 Lena Rose 14 Religious and spiritual retreats 191 Brooke Schedneck 15 Religious and spiritual world heritage sites 204 Michael A. Di Giovine SECTION III Motivations, experiences, and performance 223 16 Travel motivations of pilgrims, religious tourists, and spirituality seekers 225 Darius Liutikas 17 Volunteer tourism: a spiritual and religious journey of meaning, transcendence, and connectedness 243 Gregory Willson and Alison J. McIntosh vi Contents 18 Experiences along the Camino de Santiago 254 Sharenda H. Barlar 19 Gender and performance in the context of religious and spiritual tourism: pilgrimage and sacred mobilities 266 Avril Maddrell 20 Issues of authenticity in religious and spiritual tourism 276 Maureen Griffiths and Maximiliano E. Korstanje 21 Aftermath: calculating the effects of pilgrimage 288 Purna Roy and Hillary Kaell SECTION IV Managing religious and spiritual tourism 299 22 Sociopolitical and economic implications of religious and spiritual tourism 301 Dallen J. Timothy 23 The environmental impacts of religious and spiritual tourism 315 Kiran A. Shinde 24 Marketing religious and spiritual tourism experiences 332 Farooq Haq 25 Managing religious and spiritual tourism sites 344 Simon Coleman and Daniel H. Olsen 26 Managing complex issues in religious and spiritual events, festivals and celebrations 359 Rev. Ruth Dowson 27 The use of information and communication technologies in religious tourism 372 Suzanne Amaro, Cristina Barroco, and Paula Fonseca 28 Interpreting religious and spiritual tourism destinations/sites 385 Tomasz Duda 29 Coexistence between tourists and monks: managing temple-stay tourism at Koyasan, Japan 398 Kaori Yanata and Richard Sharpley vii Contents 30 Food and religion: tourism perspectives 411 Silvia Aulet, Carlos Fernandes, and Dallen J. Timothy 31 Safety, fear, risk, and terrorism in the context of religious tourism 428 Maximiliano E. Korstanje and Babu George 32 Religious and spiritual tourism: sustainable development perspectives 439 Anna Trono SECTION V Emerging and future directions 459 33 Religion, spirituality, and tourism: emerging and future directions 461 Dallen J. Timothy and Daniel H. Olsen Index 477 viii FIGURES 1.1 A graph showing the growth of publications related to religious tourism 3 1.2 A graph showing the growth of publications related to spiritual tourism 3 4.1 Spiritual/religious outcomes of leisure travel 60 10.1 The source area of Ganga River and sacred places 137 10.2 The holy hills, rivers, forests and Sarovars of India 138 10.3 The Gaṅgā River, Gaṅgāization and Kuṁbha sites 139 10.4 India: 51 Śakti Pīthas 142 11.1 Continuum of spiritual experience 161 2 4.1 Religious and spiritual tourism segments and relationship marketing 341 2 6.1 Frequency of spiritual and religious events 365 3 0.1 Relationships between religion and food in the tourism/pilgrimage context 417 3 0.2 Interrelations between religious tourists/pilgrims and food 422 3 2.1 Sanctuary and the Sacro Monte di Oropa 445 32.2 Via Francigena Salentina 449 32.3 Holy Week in Taranto 451 32.4 Orthodox pilgrims at the Church of San Nicola. Bari 452 ix
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