THE ROUTLEDGE COMPANION TO SEVENTEENTH CENTURY PHILOSOPHY The Routledge Companion to Seventeenth Century Philosophy is an outstanding survey of one of the most important eras in the history of Western philosophy – one which wit- nessed philosophical, scientifi c, religious, and social change on a massive scale. A team of twenty international contributors provide students and scholars of philos- ophy and related disciplines with a detailed and accessible guide to seventeenth century philosophy. The Companion is divided into seven parts: (cid:129) Historical Context (cid:129) Metaphysics (cid:129) Epistemology (cid:129) Mind and Language (cid:129) Moral and Political Philosophy (cid:129) Natural Philosophy and the Material World (cid:129) Philosophical Theology. M ajor topics and themes are explored and discussed, including the scholastic context that shaped philosophy of the period, free will, skepticism, logic, mind- body problems, consciousness, arguments for the existence of God, and the problem of evil. As such The Routledge Companion to Seventeenth Century Philosophy is essential reading for all students of the period, both in philosophy and related disciplines such as literature, his- tory, politics, and religious studies. Dan Kaufman is Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Colorado, Boul- der, USA. He has published extensively on issues in seventeenth century philosophy, especially on modality, substance, individuation, and identity. Routledge Philosophy Companions Routledge Philosophy Companions offer thorough, h igh-q uality surveys and assessments of the major topics and periods in philosophy. Covering key problems, themes, and thinkers, all entries are specially commissioned for each volume and written by lead- ing scholars in the fi eld. Clear, accessible, and carefully edited and organised, R outledge Philosophy Companions are indispensable for anyone coming to a major topic or period in philosophy, as well as for the more advanced reader. Recently published The Routledge Companion to Feminist Philosophy Edited by Ann Garry, Serene J. Khader, and Alison Stone The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Social Science Edited by Lee McIntyre and Alex Rosenberg The Routledge Companion to Sixteenth Century Philosophy Edited by Benjamin Hill and Henrik Lagerlund The Routledge Companion to Free Will Edited by Kevin Timpe, Meghan Griffith, and Neil Levy The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Medicine Edited by Miriam Solomon, Jeremy R. Simon, and Harold Kincaid The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Literature Edited by Noël Carroll and John Gibson The Routledge Companion to Islamic Philosophy Edited by Richard C. Taylor and Luis Xavier López- Farjeat The Routledge Companion to Virtue Ethics Edited by Lorraine Besser- Jones and Michael Slote The Routledge Companion to Bioethics Edited by John Arras, Rebecca Kukla, and Elizabeth Fenton The Routledge Companion to Hermeneutics Edited by Jeff Malpas and Hans- Helmuth Gander The Routledge Companion to Eighteenth Century Philosophy Edited by Aaron Garrett The Routledge Companion to Ancient Philosophy Edited by Frisbee Sheffield and James Warren The Routledge Companion to Social and Political Philosophy Edited by Gerald Gaus and Fred D’Agostino For a full list of published Routledge Philosophy Companions , please visit www.routledge. com/series/PHILCOMP THE ROUTLEDGE COMPANION TO SEVENTEENTH CENTURY PHILOSOPHY Edited by Dan Kaufman First published 2018 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN and by Routledge 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business © 2018 selection and editorial matter, Dan Kaufman; individual chapters, the contributors The right of Dan Kaufman to be identified as the author of the editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Trademark notice : Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. British Library C ataloguing- in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging- in-Publication Data Names: Kaufman, Daniel, 1968- editor. Title: The Routledge companion to seventeenth century philosophy / edited by Dan Kaufman. Description: 1 [edition]. | New York : Routledge, 2017. | Series: The Routledge companion to feminist philosophy | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2017001643| ISBN 9780415775670 (hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9781315771960 (e-book) Subjects: LCSH: Philosophy, Modern—17th century. Classification: LCC B801 .R69 2017 | DDC 190.9/032—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2017001643 ISBN: 978- 0- 415- 77567-0 (hbk) ISBN: 978- 1- 315- 77196-0 (ebk) Typeset in Goudy by Apex CoVantage, LLC For those who taught me seventeenth century philosophy: Vere Chappell, Eileen O’Neill, and Robert C. Sleigh, Jr. In memory of Gareth Matthews and Sophie Charlotte Lovetron. CONTENTS Contributors x Acknowledgment xiv Foreword by Steven Nadler xv PART 1 Historical context 1 1 The Scholastic background 3 DAVID CLEMENSON PART 2 Metaphysics 33 2 Theories of substance 35 TAD M. SCHMALTZ 3 Qualities 60 SAMUEL C. RICKLESS 4 Causation 87 SUKJAE LEE 5 Free will and determinism 117 C. P. RAGLAND PART 3 Epistemology 143 6 Skepticism 145 GIANNI PAGANINI 7 Theories of ideas 195 LEX NEWMAN 8 Logic and knowledge 224 ALAN NELSON CONTENTS PART 4 Mind and language 251 9 Mind-b ody problems 253 DAVID CUNNING 10 Theories of sense perception 287 ANTONIA LOLORDO 11 Consciousness 310 STEVEN NADLER 12 Power and passion in Hobbes, Descartes and Spinoza 334 DEBORAH BROWN 13 Philosophy of language 354 WALTER OTT PART 5 Natural philosophy and the material world 383 14 Natural philosophy 385 ANDREW JANIAK 15 The theory of matter 410 ANDREW PYLE PART 6 Moral philosophy and political philosophy 447 16 Moral philosophy 449 MICHAEL LEBUFFE 17 Political philosophy 476 SUSANNE SREEDHAR PART 7 Philosophical theology 503 18 Arguments for the existence of God 505 MARCY P. LASCANO 19 The problem of evil 536 SAMUEL NEWLANDS viii CONTENTS 20 The rise of religious skepticism 563 MICHAEL W. HICKSON AND THOMAS M. LENNON Index of names 583 Index of subjects 587 ix