The Roman Army and the Expansion of the Gospel: The Role of the Centurion in Luke-Acts

240 Pages·2014·2.577 MB·English

by  Alexander Kyrychenko

Alexander Kyrychenko
The Roman Army and the Expansion of the Gospel
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Volume 203
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Alexander Kyrychenko
The Roman Army
and the Expansion
of the Gospel
The Role of the Centurion in Luke-Acts
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ISBN978-3-11-034402-8
e-ISBN978-3-11-034726-5
ISSN0171-6441
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Contents
Acknowledgements 1
 Introduction 3
. TheProminenceofCenturionsinLuke-ActsandtheCurrentStateof
the Study 3
. The Scope, Methodology, and Argument of the Study 7
. The Plan of the Study 8
 Luke-Acts in the Roman Military Setting 9
. The Purpose and Scope of this Chapter 9
. TheSignificanceoftheCenturion’sOfficeintheRomanArmy 10
.. The Place and Role of the Centurion in the Structure of a
Legion 10
.. The Role of the Centurion in an Auxiliary Cohort 16
. The Army and the Ruling Power 20
.. The Army and the Julio-Claudian Emperors 21
.. The Army in the Year of the Four Emperors 26
.. The Role of the Centurion as Representative of the Imperial
Authority 28
. The Roman Army in the Civilian Context 29
. The Roman Army in Palestine 34
.. Judaea—From Kingdom to a Province 34
.. Sebasteni Auxiliary Units 36
.. Roman Military Regiments in Luke-Acts 37
... Military Terminology in Luke-Acts 37
... The Cohors Italica 39
... Roman Troops in Jerusalem 40
... The Cohors Augusta 41
.. The Jewish Revolt and the Roman Response 43
. Conclusion 45
 The Image of the Roman Soldier in Greco-Roman Sources 46
. The Purpose and Scope of this Chapter 46
. The Roman Soldier in Greco-Roman Literature 46
.. The Image of the Soldier in the Works of History 46
... Polybius 46
... Julius Caesar 49
... Sallust 52
VIII Contents
... Livy 55
... Velleius Paterculus 59
... Tacitus 62
... Appian 70
... Summary of the Section 72
.. The Image of the Soldier in the Works of Biography 73
... Cornelius Nepos 73
... Plutarch 74
... Suetonius 78
... Summary of the Section 80
.. The Image of the Soldier in Other Literary Sources 80
. The Roman Soldier in Non-Literary Sources 84
. Conclusion 89
 The Image of the Roman Soldier in Jewish Sources 91
. The Purpose and Scope of this Chapter 91
. The Roman Soldier in Jewish Literature 91
.. The Roman Army in Jewish Literature Prior to 63 B.C.E.:
1 Maccabees 91
.. The Roman Army in Jewish Prophetic Literature 94
... Dead Sea Scrolls 96
... Psalms of Solomon 98
... Assumption of Moses 6–7 101
... Sibylline Oracles 102
... Jewish Apocalyptic Sources: 4 Ezra, 2 Baruch, and Apocalypse of
Abraham 104
... Summary of the Section 105
.. The Roman Army in the Works of Philo 106
. Non-literary Sources 109
. The Roman Army in Talmudic Sources 110
. The Roman Army in the Works of Josephus 112
. Conclusion 140
 The Roman Military in Luke-Acts 143
. The Purpose and Scope of this Chapter 143
. The Roman Army in the Gospel of Luke 143
.. The Soldiers and John the Baptist (Luke 3:14) 143
.. The Roman Army in the Prophecies Against Jerusalem and Its
Temple (Luke 13, 19, 21, 23) 145
.. The Roman Military in the Passion Narrative (Luke 23) 147
Contents IX
. The Roman Army in the Acts of the Apostles 151
.. Paul in the Protective Roman Custody (Acts 21–23) 151
.. TheRomanMilitaryandPaulonaVoyagetoRome(Acts27) 152
. The Figure of the Centurion in Luke 7 and Acts 10 153
.. Jesus and the Centurion (Luke 7:1–10) 153
.. The Story of the Centurion Cornelius (Acts 10–11) 162
. Conclusion 182
 Conclusion 185
Bibliography 190
Index of Modern Authors 203
Index of Subjects 206
Index of Primary Sources 212