The Role of Turnus in the Aeneid

116 Pages·2016·6.96 MB·English

by  Henry A. Gardocki

LLooyyoollaa UUnniivveerrssiittyy CChhiiccaaggoo
LLooyyoollaa eeCCoommmmoonnss
Master's Theses Theses and Dissertations
1952
TThhee RRoollee ooff TTuurrnnuuss iinn tthhee AAeenneeiidd
Henry A. Gardocki
Loyola University Chicago
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Copyright © 1952 Henry A. Gardocki
pi
-~---------------------------------------------------------,
THE ROLE OF TUUUS II THE AENEID
by
Henry A. Gardooki, S.J.
A Th ••i . Submitted to the Faculty 01 the Graduate Sohool
of Loyola University in Partial Fultillaent 01
or
the aequirement. tor the Degree
or
Master Art,
January
19,52
p----------------------------------------------------,
.'
LIFE
Henry A. Gardocki. S.J. was born in Washington, Penn
,ylvania, July 15, 1921.
He was graduated trom St. Francis High School, Traver.e
City, Michigaa, June, 1940. Atter one year as a special stu• •n t
at Campion High School, Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin, he entered
the Jesuit Novitiate at Miltord, Ohio in September, 1941 and was
enrolled in the College ot Art. ot Xavier University, Cincinnati,
Ohio. He transferred to West Baden College ot Loyola University,
September, 1946, trom which he received the Bachelor of Arts de.
gree the tollowing June. He immediately entered the graduate
school of the same University to pursue his studies tor the de
gree ot Master ot Arts.
During the school year 1945-46 the author taught Latin
at St. Ignatius High School, Chicago, Illinois, aad again trom
1949 to 1951 he taught Latin and Greek at the same High School.
iii
-
or
TABLE CONTEITS
Chapter
INTRODUCTION • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
A. Statement ot the purpose ot the Thesis • • • •• vii
B. Procedure •••••••••••••• • • • • •
I. TURNUS IN PRE-ROMAN HISTORY • • • • • • • • • • • • 1
..
A. Oato • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 2
B. Livy • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • , • 3
C. Diony.ius ot Haliearnassua • • • • • • • • • • • 4
D. AfPi&n • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 4
E. Do. • • • • • • • • • • • , • • • • • • • , • 5
II. TURNUS' HEROIC QUALITIES • • • • • • • • • • • • • 9
A. Purpose ot chapter • , • • • • • • • • • • • • • 9
B. Noble ancestry ot Turnu. • • • • • • • • • • • • 10
C. Phy.ieal beauty .... • , • • • • • • • • • • • 112,
D. Prowe •• and 'earle• •n e.. • • • • • • • • •
I I •
Ill. TURNUS' PATRIOTISM 35
• • • I • • • • • • • • • • • •
A. Purpose ot chapter • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 35
B. Patriotism ot Turnus con.idered ••• • • • • •
5&
1. Latinus prepared tor Trojans ••••••• •
2. Turnus mowledge ot portent. and omena • • • )8
t
). Place ot Alleeto in story • • • , • • • " •
4. Reconstruction of Turnua' train ot thinking • ~
-S.'Mot-ivation ot Turnu. further considered. " • 49
6. Summary of chapter •• • • • • • • • • • • • 51
IV. TURBUS IN RELATION WITH OTHERS THAN AENEAS • • • • 53
A. Turnua in relation to !mata and Latinus •••• li
B. Turnua in relation to Me.entius ..,.,...
C. !urnus in relation to Lavinia ••• • • • • • • 67
1v
v
•
V. TURNUS IN RELA TIOH WITH AENEAS • • • • • • • • • • 70
1. Basic motive tor Turnus' opposition to Aeneas. 70
B. Reaction of Turnus to the Fated-home in Latium
7'
tor Aeneas • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ••
O. Pallas and the Turnua-Aene.s relationship • •• 79
as
VI. THE ROLE OF TURNUS IN THE AENEID • • • • • • • • •
as
A. Aim of chapter • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
B. Twofold purpose ot Virgil in Aeneid • • • • • • 65
O. Method of analy.i. in chapter • • • • • • • • • 67
sa
1. Negative consideration • • • • • • • • • • •
as
2. Positive conaideration • • • • • • • • • • •
••
Turnus' love tor Lavinia • • • • • • • • • 69
b. Death ot Turnua and plot • • • • • • • • • 93
P. Conclusion • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 100
iii
BIBLIOGRAPHY ••••••••••••••• • • • • • • • • 104.
•
IlftODUCTIOI
S1nldant. ot the Aeneid coa_ away wlt,h 'f'arlou. 111',.. ..
•
• 1on. re,ardlne Turnu. 801M .....r d h1a a. a .e. .e &:d1 to Aene-
1
a •• Ot,he ... tind tault with hl. on yarlou. count.. 'or exaapla,
the, eay tbat h. 1s ••1 11sh, cariDa not tor hi. countryt. W81tar.,
but tlchtlnc .len. .. out ot .alt inter.st,.2 There ara ot,h ...s ~o
~ondemn hi. a. a barbarian becau.. of hi. 'f'10188oa.3 The al.,1ft,
4
~ Palla. by Turnu. la 81neled out tor condemnatlon. Ot,h ... In
aldents could be .numerated but th ••• are some of tb• .aln ob
ject10ns that are broucht .caln.t ht..
The.e opinion. re,arelina are unfa'f'orable, but
TurnU8
ba..
~h.r. are .tudent. ot the AID'.~ wbo expre• •e d tb. ...l ... 1ft
• aore favorable way regard ina hla qualltle• • Some ot th.-cOft-
IWti'
1 T.a.010v. .. , Fllth Ed. t LODdOll, 192', 229.
S• • al.o, .1 .... ReDJ'Y. IIi:: • Dublin, 1889, 129.
IfiEf!),.'
a Glover, 229; aenry, V.Pr• •c ott, D! 2.Y!Jasm-
IUla'- .tL ~1£liJa '. A£1, oqo, 1921, 476. .
, Charle. lnapp, "Iote on "8,ld VII-, C,W., Ill, Jan
1928, 90-91.
~ary,
4 lDapp, -Iote on 61DI&d VII-, Q,W., XXI, 91.
vi
v11
•
erM'
• 1der Tumu. a. _body1n& the qualttl.. whloh ude ROlle
ODca tih., "ere tespered by the Roman d18cip11ne repre.ented b1
Aea.... Such qualitle. are e.peclally the .artiel .p1r1t and the
ltala Vinil- Even the war Tumu. wage. alainat the Trojans t.
eoneldered to be not Wlworthy. whether on patriotic grounds or on
grounds' perlonal to hi• •e lt.' With ..e ,ard to the violenoe of
Turnu. Which othere find so rapreeen.lble, eo• • would conslder It
an ~avoid.ble counterpart of the quality tbat glv• • Turnua .0
~\lCh ot hi ••t renath. Damely hi. pride aDd ••n .e ot p,.rsonal
6
lWorth.
Aa call be a... the ,eneral v1ew8 ot many Vlrgl11an
coma.nt.tor. regarding Turnu. come to two Ichoola ot thousht
about hlm. The b• •l 0 qu ••t ion lnvolyed 1n tbe• • v1e. . concera.
lime
rHI st 10. Ji.l , ••, ,,. ADd aince hl. poattioD 1n the
~
laet six book. 1. a dOlDlunt one the role ha hal tbere will creat
ly ettect the und.rata.dine ot the , ••i 'l it.elt. It 1s tor this
re.aon. tberetore, to e.tablish a better understanding ot the rolt
ot Turnus 1n tbe Alllica, tba' this theli, i8 underuk• ••
In Cbapter I "e will look Into the h1atorical writers
ot a_ _ to tlAel out what mention they _ke ot ful''lu'l aa a biator-
S W.I.Sellar • .na..RaIn PI!!! s.t. ~b. A'!I!s~1I !a.
Clarendon Pr• ••• Oxford.
I197~.
6 C• •• Bowa. l.£a. I1mlt !2. K1UWh LODdon. 19,.,. 4,7.
'lill
•
cal flaure. Slnce Vlr,11 waa wrlting an eplc ot Rome he would
uite naturall, _boely all the historical past that in uy re
arkable way oontributed to the foundatlon ot Boaa. The qU8.tioa,
b,
id Virgll find auoh a flgure liven tbe hlatorlans, or waa Tar
ua totally tlctlonal wl11 be anawered in the first chapter.
In oriel" to .auya 00001u8108 a. to the role ot hmu.
the 6tae'9 lt will be neceasary tirst of all to inve.tigate
ft
th w.nat qualities ot charaoter and personality Vlrgl1 endowed
urnu. aDd what ue. Turnua made ot ble endo. .e nts. This Invea'
,atlon will be ••d e in Chapters II and III. It 1a 1.portent that
he qualities be oonsidered by objeetiv. norsa pre.clndine trca
ira!l'. intention in ,lv1ng h1. tbe.e qualiti... The qualltie.
o be considered are b1. noble anc ••t ry, phyaical beaut,. prewea.
nd tearlea8ft.'8, and hi. patr10tl .., they are to be oon81dered
n hi. word. and actlon., by analY81. ot Vlrll1" d.scriptlve
eobnlque. aad from the ••t 1utlon of othera in reterenoe to 'fur-
In the fourth chapter • con.ideration of !Urnu.' rela-
10n with characters other than Aene.s will be _de. The obar
eter. w111 lnclw:le Latin",., Auta, M• ••n tlus, and LaTird.a. Th.
tUG, ot furnu8 1n relation to th• •• will reveal certaln other
specta ot tbe sam. qualities already coneidered 1n Chapters II
d III. The study wll1 also reveal some .l• •e nts ot knowledge
bout Turnua not treated under ADY partlcular oharaoter trai'_
•
The t1fth chapter wl11 consider the relation ot Turnu8
AGae.a. There will be thr• • 1aportant dlvi810n8 ot thia chap-
,0
fh. tlr.t will deal with the ba.le motlv. tor Turnu.' op.
181".
Aen....
)081t10n to The ••e ond divi810n will deal with the re
ot Tumua to the 'ated-bom. in Latiua tor A.n..... In the
~ctlon
41.1.108 .. will consider .nat P.ll• • contributed to the
~h1rd
betw• •n Turnu8 and Aenea ••
~.lation.h1p
la.,
The cbapter will treat tbe role ot furnu. 1n the
con.idered trom an artlatl0 viewpoint. The data ot the
~.n.1d
prev1ou. tlve chapters wl11 be analysed in the i1cht ot Viral1'.
'a.isl,
purpo.etor the whole to ••• vbat was 1ft
~lt1_t. Tt.lnlU8
.... nd.d to oontribu.te to thpato _p.u rpose. V1rp1, we Will •••• had a
a1ll tor tbe total one parsonal uel ODe natlonal.
~wotold
~he natlonal al. waG to h.v. tbe A!D'&~ .e. ... e Rome f ••e ••e and
pelp Auguatu.a re.tore tbe anclent 1dea18 ot patrlot1. ., aorallty.
Imd p1ety.1 H1. personal a1m ft. to acbie.e 1n the , ••1 s1 a work
art. rivallng tbe beat tbat Italy bad yet produced an4 evea eoa
o~
parable to Hoae .. '. work •• Et The t.ak was not an e• •y one and ZlUoh
of 1t. auco... d.pended on how V1rgil handled tbe laat s1x books.
aa understanding ot the role of Turnua 1n the epl0 will
~eretore,
_11 share to our better understandlnl and appre-
~ontr:1but. DO
8,.
7 Sellar, )10. Alao, Pr.acot,t, lSl.
S Sellar!.. 67. 310, 291-298. Alao, Preacott, lSl-1S3!
431-462; !.I.Rand, !!!. Mapoal Art 01 V1r111, 0. .b r14,e, 19)1, ,16
x
•
eiation ot the Aeneid.