Table Of Content

The Rock-Art of Eastern North America The Rock-Art of Eastern North America Capturing Images and Insight Edited by Carol Diaz-Granados and James R. Duncan THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA PRESS Tuscaloosa Copyright © 2004 The University of Alabama Press Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487-0380 All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America Frontispiece: Mohawk Chief Hendrick, standing next to a tree into which there is carved a tabulation of his 39 coupes. The eight incised figures with heads depict the number of prisoners he had taken and the 31 incised figures without heads depict the enemies he had killed. (Lithographic print courtesy of the Library of Congress; the dates and artist are not identified) Typeface: AGaramond ∞ The paper on which this book is printed meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Science–Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The rock-art of eastern North America : capturing images and insight / edited by Carol Diaz-Granados and James R. Duncan. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8173-1394-X (cloth : alk. paper) — ISBN 0-8173-5096-9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Indians of North America—East (U.S.)—Antiquities. 2. Petroglyphs—East (U.S.) 3. Rock paintings—East (U.S.) 4. Picture-writing—East (U.S.) 5. East (U.S.)—Antiquities. I. Diaz-Granados, Carol, 1943– II. Duncan, James Richard, 1942– E78.E2R63 2004 709´.01´1308997073—dc22 2004005273 ISBN 978-0-8173-5096-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-8173-8404-3 (electronic) This book is dedicated to the trailblazers of eastern rock-art research and founding “fathers” of the Eastern States Rock Art Research Association: James Swauger Fred E. Coy, Jr. Charles H. Faulkner Contents List of Illustrations xi List of Tables xix Preface xxi Acknowledgments xxiii Introduction xxv DENDROGLYPHS 1. Native American Dendroglyphs of the Eastern Woodlands Fred E. Coy, Jr. 3 ETHNOGRAPHY 2. Ratcliffe Sacred Rock and the Seven Sacred Stones, Iowa Lori A. Stanley 19 3. Mississippian Cosmology and Rock-Art at the Millstone Bluff Site, Illinois Mark J. Wagner, Mary R. McCorvie, and Charles A. Swedlund 42 4. Pica, Geophagy, and Rock-Art in the Eastern United States Kevin L. Callahan 65 PATTERNING OF SITES AND MOTIFS 5. On the Edges of the World: Prehistoric Open-Air Rock-Art in Tennessee Charles H. Faulkner, Jan F. Simek, and Alan Cressler 77 viii Contents 6. Rock-Art and Late Woodland Settlement in the Northern Ozarks Richard Edging and Steven R. Ahler 90 7. Pattern and Function at the Jeffers Petroglyphs, Minnesota Robert Alan Clouse 110 8. Elemental Forms of Rock-Art and the Peopling of the Americas Jack Steinbring 126 9. Re®ections of Power, Wealth, and Sex in Missouri Rock-Art Motifs Carol Diaz-Granados and James R. Duncan 145 10. Association between a Southeastern Rock-Art Motif and Mortuary Caves Jan F. Simek, Alan Cressler, and Elayne Pope 159 GENDER 11. Farming, Gender, and Shifting Social Organization: A New Approach to Understanding Kentucky’s Rock-Art Cecil R. Ison 177 12. Empowering the SECC: The “Old Woman” and Oral Tradition James R. Duncan and Carol Diaz-Granados 190 SURVEY, RECORDING, CONSERVATION, AND MANAGEMENT 13. Recordation, Conservation, and Management of Rock Imagery at Samuel’s Cave, Wisconsin Johannes H. N. Loubser and Robert F. Boszhardt 219 14. Rock-Art Sites on the Susquehanna River Paul Nevin 239 15. The South Carolina Rock-Art Survey Tommy Charles 258 HISTORIC 16. The Peterborough Petroglyphs: Native or Norse? Joan M. Vastokas 277 Contents ix 17. The Bald Friar Petroglyphs of Maryland: Threatened, Rescued, Lost, and Found Edward J. Lenik 290 18. Clift’s Rock: Unionism and the Civil War in East Tennessee Rex Weeks 308 DATING METHODS 19. Passamaquoddy Shamanism and Rock-Art in Machias Bay, Maine Mark Hedden 319 20. Analyzing and Dating the Nisula Site, Québec Daniel Arsenault 344 References Cited 361 Contributors 407 Index 411

Description:

Showcases the wealth of new research on sacred imagery found in 12 states and 4 Canadian provinces. In archaeology, rock-art—any long-lasting marking made on a natural surface—is similar to material culture (pottery and tools) because it provides a record of human activity and ideology at that s