The Rising Tide of Color: Race, State Violence, and Radical Movements across the Pacific

319 Pages·2014·6.16 MB·English

by  Moon-Ho Jung (ed.)

Emil and KathlEEn SicK SEriES in
WEStErn hiStory and Biography
With support from the Center for the Study of the Pacific Northwest at
the University of Washington, the Sick Series in Western History and
Biography features scholarly books on the peoples and issues that have
defined and shaped the American West. Through intellectually challeng-
ing and engaging books of general interest, the series seeks to deepen
and expand our understanding of the American West as a region and its
role in the making of the United States and the modern world.
The Great Columbia Plain: A Historical Geography, 1805–1910, by Donald W. Meinig
Mills and Markets: A History of the Pacific coast Lumber Industry to 1900,
by Thomas R. Cox
Radical Heritage: Labor, Socialism, and Reform in Washington and British Columbia, 1885–1917,
by Carlos A. Schwantes
The Battle for Butte: Mining and Politics on the Northern Frontier, 1864–1906,
by Michael P. Malone
The Forging of a Black Community: Seattle’s Central District from 1870 through
the Civil Rights Era, by Quintard Taylor
Warren G. Magnuson and the Shaping of Twentieth-Century America, by Shelby Scates
The Atomic West, edited by Bruce Hevly and John M. Findlay
Power and Place in the North American West, edited by Richard White and John M. Findlay
Henry M. Jackson: A Life in Politics, by Robert G. Kaufman
Parallel Destinies: Canadian-American Relations West of the Rockies,
edited by John M. Findlay and Ken S. Coates
Nikkei in the Pacific Northwest: Japanese Americans and Japanese Canadians in the Twentieth
Century, edited by Louis Fiset and Gail M. Nomura
Bringing Indians to the Book, by Albert Furtwangler
Death of Celilo Falls, by Katrine Barber
The Power of Promises: Perspectives on Indian Treaties of the Pacific Northwest,
edited by Alexandra Harmon
Warship under Sail: The USS Decatur in the Pacific West,
by Lorraine McConaghy
Shadow Tribe: The Making of Columbia River Indian Identity,
by Andrew H. Fisher
A Home for Every Child: Relinquishment, Adoption, and the Washington Children’s Home Society,
1896–1915, by Patricia Susan Hart
Atomic Frontier Days: Hanford and the American West,
by John M. Findlay and Bruce Hevly
The Nature of Borders: Salmon, Boundaries, and Bandits on the Salish Sea,
by Lissa K. Wadewitz
Encounters in Avalanche Country: A History of Survival in the Mountain West, 1820–1920
by Diana L. Di Stefano
The Rising Tide of Color: Race, State Violence, and Radical Movements across the Pacific,

edited by Moon-Ho Jung
Th e r i s i ng
T i de o f co lor
RACE, S TATE V IOLENCE,
AND R ADICAL M OVEMENTS
ACROSS T HE P ACIFIC

Edited by
MOON-HO J UNG
cEntEr for thE Study of thE pacific northWESt
in association with
univErSity of WaShington prESS
SEattlE and london
© 2014 by the University of Washington Press
Printed and bound in the USA
Design by Dustin Kilgore
Composed in Chaparral, a typeface designed by Carol Twombly
18 17 16 15 14 5 4 3 2 1
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in
any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording,
or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from
the publisher.
Center for the Study of the Pacific Northwest University of Washington Press
PO Box 353587 www.washington.edu/uwpress
Seattle, WA 98195, USA
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The rising tide of color : race, state violence, and radical movements across the Pacific /
edited by Moon-Ho Jung.
pages cm. — (Emil and Kathleen Sick series in Western history and biography)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-295-99360-7 (hardcover : alkaline paper) 1. Pacific Coast (U.S.)—Race
relations. 2. Pacific Area—Race relations. 3. Pacific Coast (U.S.)—Politics and
government. 4. Pacific Area—Politics and government. 5. Political violence—
Pacific Coast (U.S.)—History. 6. Political violence—Pacific Area—History. 7. Social
movements—Pacific Coast (U.S.)—History. 8. Social movements—Pacific Area—
History. 9. Radicalism—Pacific Coast (U.S.)—History. 10. Radicalism—Pacific
Area—History. I. Jung, Moon-Ho, 1969- II. Center for the Study of the Pacific
Northwest.
F855.R47 2014
305.800979—dc23
2014007275
The paper used in this publication is acid-free and meets the minimum requirements
of American National Standard for Information Sciences—Permanence of Paper for
Printed Library Materials, anSi Z39.48–1984.∞
To my 할머니 (grandmother)

Contents
Acknowledgments ix
ParT one framing race, sTaTe Violence, and radical moVemenTs
introduction Opening Salvo
Moon-Ho Jung 4

1. “Standing at thE croSSroadS”
Why Race, State Violence, and Radical Movements Matter Now
George Lipsitz 36
ParT Two TraVersing The Pacific
2. moBiliZing rEvolutionary manhood
Race, Gender, and Resistance in the Pacific Northwest Borderlands
Kornel Chang 72
3. dangErouS amuSEmEntS
Hawaii’s Theaters, Labor Strikes, and Counterpublic Culture, 1909–1934
Denise Khor 102
ParT Three forging mulTiracial fronTs
4. poSitivEly StatElESS
Marcus Graham, the Ferrero-Sallitto Case,
and Anarchist Challenges to Race and Deportation
Kenyon Zimmer 128
5. rEliEf and rEvolution
Southern California Struggles against Unemployment in the 1930s
Christina Heatherton 159
ParT four seeing radical connecTions
6. policing gay la
Mapping Racial Divides in the Homophile Era, 1950–1967
Emily K. Hobson 188
7. carcEral migrationS
Black Power and Slavery in 1970s California Prison Radicalism
Dan Berger 213
ParT fiVe fighTing a sTaTe of Violence
8. hypErviSiBility and inviSiBility
Asian/American Women, Radical Orientalism,
and the Revisioning of Global Feminism
Judy Tzu-Chun Wu 238
9. radicaliZing currEntS
The GI Movement in the Third World
Simeon Man 266
Contributors 296
Index 298
Acknowledgments
THE ESSAyS COLLECTED HERE wERE FIRST PRESENTED IN MAy 2011 AT
a conference called Race, Radicalism, and Repression on the Pacific coast
and Beyond, organized and hosted by the Center for the Study of the Pacific
Northwest (CSPN) and the Harry Bridges Center for Labor Studies at the
University of Washington. Support from the UW Law School (especially
Ron Collins), UW Libraries (especially Theresa Mudrock), UW Departments
of English and History, and the Wing Luke Museum of the Asian Pacific
American Experience helped to make the conference a resounding suc-
cess. I thank Jim Gregory, Linda Nash, and Chandan Reddy for serving
on the program committee with me. Andrew Hedden of the Harry Bridges
Center contributed his artistic and organizing skills. Holly George, Wendi
Lindquist, and especially Kim McKaig of CSPN took care of all of the details
related to the conference. Kim also proofread the entire collection.
Putting together the collection has been a collective project. For their
sharp insights and collegial support, I thank Luther Adams, Eiichiro
Azuma, Mike Cheng, May Fu, Ruth Wilson Gilmore, Jennifer Guglielmo,
Dan Martinez HoSang, Moon-Kie Jung, Dan Kanstroom, Richard S. Kim,
Daryl Maeda, Kevin Mumford, Michael Omi, George Quibuyen (Geologic/
Prometheus Brown), Vince Rafael, Chandan Reddy, Jeanette Roan, Dylan
Rodríguez, Dave Roediger, Nayan Shah, Naoko Shibusawa, Mike Tagawa,
Ben Wang, and Mark Wild. At the University of Washington Press, Mari-
anne Keddington-Lang provided enthusiastic support in the beginning
stages. With great care and incredible speed, Ranjit Arab and Mary C.
Ribesky shepherded the project through review and production. I also
thank the anonymous reader for a careful and helpful review of the entire
collection, particularly my introduction. Kerrie Maynes was our sharp-eyed
copyeditor. Kathy Woodward of the Simpson Center for the Humanities
provided critical support for the conference and the collection, including
funds for the index.
ix