The Right to Vote: Rights and Liberties under the Law PDF
Preview The Right to Vote: Rights and Liberties under the Law
Th e R i g h t t o Vo t e Rights and Liberties under the Law Donald Grier Stephenson, Jr. Santa Barbara, California • Denver, Colorado • Oxford, England The Right to Vote Other Books in America’s Freedoms Donald Grier Stephenson, Jr., Series Editor Cruel and Unusual Punishment, Joseph A. Melusky and Keith A. Pesto Equal Protection, Francis Graham Lee Freedom of Association, Robert J. Bresler Freedom of Speech, Ken I. Kersch Freedom of the Press, Nancy Cornwell Property Rights, Polly J. Price Religious Freedom, Melvin I. Urofsky The Right to Bear Arms, Robert J. Spitzer The Right to Counsel and Privilege against Self-Incrimination, John B. Taylor The Right to Privacy, Richard A. Glenn Th e R i g h t t o Vo t e Rights and Liberties under the Law Donald Grier Stephenson, Jr. Santa Barbara, California • Denver, Colorado • Oxford, England Copyright © 2004 by Donald Grier Stephenson, Jr. All rights reserved. No partof this publication may be reproduced, stored in a re- trieval system, or transmitted, in any formor by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review,without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Stephenson, D. Grier. The right to vote : rights and liberties under the law / Donald Grier Stephenson, Jr. p. cm. — (America's freedoms) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 1-85109-648-5 (hardback : alk. paper) — ISBN 1-85109-653-1 (e-book) 1. Suffrage—United States—History. I. Title. II. Series. KF4891.S74 2004 342.73'072—dc22 2004019717 07 06 05 04 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is also available on the World Wide Web as an e-book. Visit abc-clio.com for details. ABC-CLIO, Inc. 130 Cremona Drive, P.O. Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Manufactured in the United States of America In memory of Belle (1985–2004) and in honor of James and Melinda in their new life together Contents Series Foreword ix Preface and Acknowledgments xix 1 Introduction 1 The Critical Political Moment of 1865, 3 Dimensions of Voting Rights, 11 Voting and Political Parties: Links between the Rulers and the Ruled, 22 Conclusion, 29 References, 31 2 Origins 33 The Debates at Putney, 34 Voting Rights in America around the Time of the Revolution, 41 Toward a (Nearly) Universal White Manhood Suffrage, 56 The Reconstruction Amendments, 85 Race and Voting: A Promise Unfulfilled, 99 Gender and Voting: Initial Steps, 117 Conclusion, 136 References, 137 3 Twentieth-Century Issues 141 Progressivism, 143 Gender: Access to the Ballot at Last, 154 vii viii Contents Race and Voting: Culmination of a Century of Struggle, 185 The “Political Thicket” of Representation, 224 A New Consensus on Voting Age, 248 Conclusion, 253 References, 254 4 Twenty-First Century Issues 259 Majority-Minority Districts: From the Thicket into the Morass, 260 Partisan Gerrymandering Revisited, 274 “Motor Voter”: Enlarging the Electorate, 277 Bush v. Gore: Counting the Votes, 279 Capital Anomaly, 290 Immigrants, 297 Criminal Disqualification, 299 Conclusion, 305 References, 309 5 Key People, Cases, and Events 311 6 Documents 347 Articles and Amendments, U.S. Constitution, 347 Smith v. Allwright (1944), 354 Colegrove v. Green (1946), 359 Reynolds v. Sims (1964), 362 Miller v. Johnson (1995), 369 Vieth v. Jubelirer (2004), 376 Chronology 389 Table of Cases 403 Annotated Bibliography 407 Index 435 About the Author 453
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