The Revolutions of 1848

122 Pages·1988·13.682 MB·English

by  Roger Price (auth.)

THE REVOLUTIONS OF 1848
Studies in European History
General Editor: Richard Overy
EditorialConsultants:John Breuilly
Roy Porter
PUBLISHED TITLES
T.C.W. BlanningThe French Revolution: Aristocrats versus
Bourgeois?
Peter BurkeThe Renaissance
Henry Kamen Golden Age Spain
WilliamDoyleThe Ancien Regime
RogerPrice The Revolutions of1848
R.W. ScribnerThe German Reformation
GeoffreyScarre Witchcraft and Magic in 16th and 17thCentury
Europe
RobertServiceThe Russian Revolution
FORTHCOMING
Brendan Bradshaw The Counter Reformation
MichaelDockrillThe Cold War 1945-1963
Geoffrey Ellis The Napoleonic Empire
RJ. Geary Labour Politics 190~1930
Mark GreengrassCalvinism in Early Modern Europe, c. 156~1685
RichardMackenney The City State and Urban Liberties, c. 1450-
1650
CliveTrebilcock Problems in European Industrialisation 180~1930
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THE REVOLUTIONS
OF 1848
ROGER PRICE
©
Roger Price 1988
All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission
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First published 1988
Published by
MACMILLAN EDUCATION LTD
Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 2XS
and London
Companies and representatives
throughoutthe world
Typeset by WessexTypesetters
(DivisionofThe Eastern Press Ltd)
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British Library Cataloguingin Publication Data
Price, Roger, 1944-
The revolutions of I848.-(Studies in
European history).
I. Europe. Revolutions, 1848
I. Title II. Series
940.2'84
ISBN978-0-333-36609-7 ISBN978-1-349-07150-0(eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-349-07150-0
Contents
Acknowledgements Vi
List ofMaps Vll
A NoteonReferences Vlll
Editor's Preface ix
Introduction 1
1 Social Systems 5
2 The Background Causes of Revolution in 1848 17
3 'Revolution' as an Event 35
4 Defining the Limits of Revolution: Post-revolutionary
Cooft~ ~
5 Counter-revolution 85
6 Conclusions 95
SelectBibliography 101
Index III
v
Acknowledgements
I would like to express my gratitude to the following good
friends whose comments on earlierdrafts ofthis essay contrib
uted a great deal to the final version: my colleague Richard
Evans, Colin Heywood of the University of Nottingham,
Olena Heywood, and especially Heather Price. In addition I
would like to thank the general editor of Studies in European
History, Richard Overy, and his editorial consultants both for
inviting me to write on 1848 and for their constructive
suggestions. Vanessa Couchman and Vanessa Graham success
ively Humanities editors at Macmillan have consistently been
supportive. Richard, Sian, Emily and Hannah also played
their part- in many different ways!
RP
VI
List of Maps
I Europe in 1848 4
II Industrial development. Europe in 1815
compared with Europe in 1875 8
III Predominant types ofland tenure in Europe in
1848 11
IV European population 1800-50 13
V Germany in 1848 25
VI Habsburg Empire 1848-51 30
VII Insurgent Paris inJune 1848 62
VIII Areas of insurrection in France, December 1851 66
IX Italy in 1848 78
Vll
A Note on References
References are cited throughout in brackets according to the
numbering in the select bibliography, with page references
where necessary indicated by a colon after the bibliography
number.
Vlll
Editor's Preface
The main purpose ofthis new series of Macmillan studies is
to make available to teacher and student alike developments
in a field ofhistory that has become increasingly specialised
with the sheer volume of new research and literature now
produced. These studies are designed to present the 'state of
the debate' on important themes and episodes in European
history since the sixteenth century, presented in a clear and
critical way by someone who is closely concerned himselfwith
the debate in question.
The studies are not intended to be read as extended
bibliographical essays, though each will contain a detailed
guide to further reading which will lead students and the
general reader quickly to key publications. Each book carries
its own interpretation and conclusions, while locating the
discussionfirmly inthecentreofthe currentissuesas historians
see them. It is intended that the series will introduce students
to historical approaches which are in some cases very new
and which, in the normal course ofthings, would take many
years to filter down into the textbooks and school histories. I
hope it will demonstrate some of the excitement historians,
like scientists, feel as they work away in the vanguard of their
subject.
The format of the series conforms closely with that of the
companion volumes ofstudies in economic and social history
which has already established a major reputation since its
inception in 1968. Both series have an important contribution
to make in publicising what it is that historians are doing and
in making history more open and accessible. It is vital for
history to communicate ifit is to survive.
R.J. OVERY
IX