The requirements engineering handbook PDF
Preview The requirements engineering handbook
The Requirements Engineering Handbook ForalistingofrecenttitlesintheArtechHouseTechnologyManagementand ProfessionalDevelopmentLibrary,turntothebackofthisbook. The Requirements Engineering Handbook Ralph R. Young Artech House Boston • London www.artechhouse.com LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheU.S.LibraryofCongress. BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. CoverdesignbyIgorValdman ©2004ARTECHHOUSE,INC. 685CantonStreet Norwood,MA02062 ThefollowingareregisteredintheU.S.PatentandTrademarkOfficebyCarnegieMellonUniversity:Capability MaturityModel,CMM,andCMMI. Allrightsreserved.PrintedandboundintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproduced orutilizedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,orbyany informationstorageandretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher. Alltermsmentionedinthisbookthatareknowntobetrademarksorservicemarkshavebeenappropriately capitalized.ArtechHousecannotattesttotheaccuracyofthisinformation.Useofaterminthisbookshouldnot beregardedasaffectingthevalidityofanytrademarkorservicemark. InternationalStandardBookNumber:1-58053-266-7 ALibraryofCongressCatalogCardnumberisavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress. 10987654321 Foryou Let’simproverequirementsengineering! . Contents Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xi Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . xix 1 The Importance of Requirements . . . . . . . 1 WhatAreRequirementsandWhyAreTheyImportant? 1 WhyPlan? 3 ASuggestedStrategy 3 RequirementsActivitiesintheSystemLifeCycle 3 InvestmentintheRequirementsProcess 5 AProcessApproach 6 TheRequirementsPlan 7 FactorsAffectingYourCareerDecisions 10 ACommentConcerningSmallProjects 11 Summary 11 CaseStudy 12 References 13 2 The Roles of the RA . . . . . . . . . . . 15 SuggestedRolesoftheRA 15 Summary 23 CaseStudy 24 References 25 vii viii Contents 3 Skills and Characteristics of an Effective RA . . . 27 SkillsoftheRA 27 CharacteristicsofanEffectiveRA 34 Summary 42 CaseStudy 43 References 44 4 Types of Requirements. . . . . . . . . . 45 ViewsofRequirementsTypes 45 DefinitionsandDescriptionsofRequirementsTypes 48 BusinessRequirements 49 StatedRequirementsVersusRealRequirements 50 UserRequirements 50 High-LevelorSystem-LevelRequirements 50 BusinessRules 50 FunctionalRequirements 51 NonfunctionalRequirements 52 DerivedRequirements 52 DesignRequirementsandDesignConstraints 52 PerformanceRequirements 53 InterfaceRequirements 53 VerifiedRequirements 53 ValidatedRequirements 53 QualificationRequirements 53 The“Ilities”andSpecialtyEngineeringRequirements 53 UnknowableRequirements 54 ProductRequirements 54 ProcessRequirements 54 LogisticsSupportRequirements 54 EnvironmentalRequirements 55 System,Subsystem,andComponentRequirements 55 TerminologiestoAvoid 55 SourceorCustomerRequirements 55 NonnegotiableVersusNegotiableRequirements 55 KeyRequirements 56 OriginatingRequirements 56 OtherGuidelines 56 ExamplesofRequirementsTypes 56 Summary 57 CaseStudy 57 References 60 Contents ix 5 Gathering Requirements . . . . . . . . . 61 PlantheApproach 62 Summary 104 CaseStudy 104 References 105 6 Best Practices for Requirements Development and Management . . . . . . . . . . . 109 Summary 123 CaseStudy 123 References 126 7 The RA’s Specialty Skills. . . . . . . . . 127 Summary 159 CaseStudy 163 References 164 8 An Integrated Quality Approach . . . . . . 169 BusinessDriversforQuality 170 Management’sRole 170 GuidingPrinciples 171 PriorityManagement 172 TheComponentsofanIntegratedQualityApproach 172 QualityImprovementTechniques 173 ThePDCACycle 179 HowtoDesignaProcess 180 Teamwork 187 Summary 189 CaseStudy:AnExampleofQualityImprovementSidetracked 189 References 191 9 A Vision for Requirements Engineering . . . . 193 HowShouldWeSupportPMs? 197 HowShouldWeSupportCustomers? 198 HowShouldWeSupportDevelopers? 198 Summary 199 CaseStudy 200 References 202
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