The Reception of Virginia Woolf in Europe The Athlone Critical Traditions Series: The Reception of British Authors in Europe Series Editor: Elinor Shaffer, School of Advanced Study, University of London Forthcoming volumes in the series include: The Reception of James Joyce in Europe Edited by Geert Lernout The Reception of William Beckford in Europe Edited by John Wilton-Ely and Elinor Shaffer The Reception of Laurence Sterne in Europe Edited by Peter De Voogd and John Neubauer The Athlone Critical Traditions Series: The Reception of British Authors in Europe Series Editor: Elinor Shaffer School of Advanced Study, University of London The Reception of Virginia Woolf in Europe Edited by Mary Ann Caws and Nicola Luckhurst continuum LONDON • NEW YORK Continuum The Tower Building, 11 York Road, London, SE1 7NX 370 Lexington Avenue, New York, NY 10017-6503 First published 2002 © Mary Ann Caws, Nicola Luckhurst and contributors 2002 Series concept and Series Editor's Preface © Elinor Shaffer All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 0-8264-5588-3 (hardback) Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data The reception of Virginia Woolf in Europe/edited by Mary Ann Caws and Nicola Luckhurst. p. cm. — (The Athlone critical traditions series: the reception of British authors in Europe) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8264-5588-3 1. Woolf, Virginia, 1882—1941—Criticism and interpretation—History. 2. Woolf, Virginia, 1882—1941—Appreciation—Europe. 3. English fiction—Appreciation— Europe. I. Caws, Mary Ann. II. Luckhurst, Nicola. III. Series. PR6045.O72 Z8644 2001 823'.912—dc21 2001028836 Typeset by BookEns Ltd., Royston, Herts. Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books Ltd, Bodmin, Cornwall Contents Series Editor's Preface ix Elinor Shaffer Acknowledgements xii List of Contributors xiii Preface: Virginia Woolf s Crossings xix Mary Ann Caws Timeline: European Reception of Virginia Woolf xxi Paul Barnaby Abbreviations xxxvii Introduction 1 Nicola Luckhurst French 1 Virginia Woolf among Writers and Critics: The French Intellectual Scene 19 Pierre-Eric Villeneuve 2 The French Reception of Woolf: An Etat Present of Etudes Woolfiennes 39 39 Carole Rodier 3 Translating Virginia Woolf into French 54 Franfoise Pellan 4 A Virginia Woolf, with a French Twist 60 Mary Ann Caws German 5 The German Reception and Criticism of Virginia Woolf: A Survey of Phases and Trends in the Twentieth Century 68 Ansgar and Vera Ntinning vi Contents 6 Installing Modernism: The Reception of Virginia Woolf in the German Democratic Republic 102 Wolfgang Wicht Polish 7 From Silence to a Polyphony of Voices: Virginia Woolf s Reception in Poland 127 Urszula Terentowicz-Fotyga Swedish 8 'Literature is no one's private ground': The Critical and Political Reception of Virginia Woolf in Sweden 148 Catherine Sandbach-Dahlstrom Danish 9 Waves of Influence: The Danish Reception of Virginia Woolf 165 Ida Klitgdrd Greek 10 'The Country of the Moon' and the Woman of'Interior Monologue': Virginia Woolf in Greece 186 Katerina K. Kitsi-Mitakou Italian 11 The Reception of Virginia Woolf in Italy 200 Sergio Perosa Spanish 12 'A gaping mouth, but no words': Virginia Woolf Enters the Land of Butterflies 218 Laura Maria Lojo Rodriguez 13 The Emerging Voice: A Review of Spanish Scholarship on Virginia Woolf 247 Alberto Ldzaro 14 Virginia Woolf and the Search for Symbolic Mothers in Modern Spanish Fiction: The Case of Tres mujeres Maria Jose Gdmez Fuentes 263 Galician 15 'A fastness of their own': The Galician Reception of Virginia Woolf 281 Manuela Palados Catalan 16 Modernism, Nationalism and Feminism: Representations of Virginia Woolf in Catalonia 296 Jacqueline A. Hurtley Contents vii Portuguese 17 The Portuguese Reception of Virginia Woolf 312 Grafa Abranches History of Publishing 18 The European Dimensions of the Hogarth Press 328 Laura Marcus Bibliography 357 Index 431 This page intentionally left blank Series Editor's Preface The reception of British authors in Britain has in good part been studied; indeed, it forms our literary history. By contrast, the reception of British authors in Europe has not been examined in any systematic, long-term or large-scale way. It is the aim of this Series to initiate and forward the study of the reception of British authors in Continental Europe, or, as we would now say, the rest of Europe. This is part of the grander task of considering the history and culture of Europe as a whole, rather than as isolated national histories with a narrow national perspective. The perspectives of other nations greatly add to our understanding of individual contributors to that history. The history of the reception of British authors extends our knowledge of their capacity to stimulate and to call forth new responses, not only in their own disciplines but in wider fields and to diverse publics in a variety of historical circumstances. Often these responses provide quite unexpected and enriching insights into our own history, politics and culture. Individual works and personalities take on new dimensions and facets. They may also be subject to enlightening critiques. Our knowledge of British writers is simply incomplete and inadequate without these reception studies. By 'authors' we intend writers in any field whose works have been recognized as making a contribution to the intellectual and cultural history of our society. Thus the Series includes literary figures, such as Byron and Virginia Woolf, philosophers such as Francis Bacon and David Hume, historians and political figures such as Edmund Burke, and scientists such as Charles Darwin, whose works have had a broad impact on thinking in every field. In some cases individual works of the same author have dealt with different subjects, each with virtually its own reception history; so Burke's Reflections on the French Revolution (1790) was instantaneously translated and moulded thinking on the power struggles in the Europe of his own day; his youthful 'Essay on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime' exerted a powerful influence on aesthetic thought and the practice of writing and remains a seminal work for certain genres of fiction; his only just collected parliamentary speeches on, for example, the Indian question will now be re- examined in the light of the subsequent history of the European presence overseas and of current attitudes towards it. The research project examines the ways in which selected authors have been translated, published, distributed, read, reviewed and discussed on the