The Purge: The Purification of the French Collaborators After World War II PDF
Preview The Purge: The Purification of the French Collaborators After World War II
THE PURGE THE PURGE HERBERT R. LOTTMAN WILLIAM MORROW AND COMPANY, INC. New York Copyright @ 1986 by Herbert R. Lottman All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, mcludiri.g photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher. Inquiries should be addressed to Permissions Department, William Morrow and Company, Inc., 105 Madison Ave., New York, N.Y. 10016. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lottman, Herbert R. The purge. Includes index. 1. World War, 1939-1945-Collaborationists- France. 2. France-History-1945- . 3. Revenge. 4. Violence-France. I. Title. D802.F8L58 1986 940.53'44 86-2370 ISBN 0-688-04940-0 Printed in the United States of America First Edition I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 BOOK DESIGN BY BERNARD SCHLEIFER Acknowledgments THE AUTHOR IS GRATEFUL to many persons whose cooperation and guidance made this work possible, above all to the Archives de France, and personally to Mme. Chantal de Tourtier-Bonazzi, director of the Section Contemporaine, and Mme. Sylvie Nicolas; to Mme. Fran~ise Mercier and Mme. Lucienne Nouveau of the Insti tut d'Histoire du Temps Present, where the author also had fruitful discussions with Marcel Baudot and Jean Leclerc. To the Fondation Nationale des Sciences Politiques (and Mme. Nicole Richard), the Archives Departementales du Rh~ne in Lyon, the Archives Departe mentales de Ia Haute-Savoie in Annecy, the Commission d'Histoire de Ia Guerre 1939-1945 in Lyon. Special thanks to the Societe des Gens de Lettres, the Archives de 1' Assemblee Nationale, the Min istere des Relations Exterieures, and the Service Historique de l'Armee de Terre (all in Paris). Among others who offered testimony, or opened their files, may I thank Raymond Aubrac, Andre Bay, Jean Bernard and Roland Blayo in Lyon, Andre Cellard, Jean Chaintron, Pierre de Chevigne, Jean Comet, Geoffroy de Courcel, Jacques Debt1-Bridel, Michel Henry Fabre, Charles Fournier-Bocquet, Adrien Galliot, Renato Grispo, Serge Klarsfeld, Henri Krischer, Joseph Lambroschini, Gilles de La Rocque, Pierre Laroque, Raymond Lindon, Fran~is de Menthon, Pierre Mouthon, Joe Nordmann, Pierre Pere, Roger Peyrefitte, Robert Poirson, Maurice Rolland, Rene Tavernier, Pierre-Henri Teitgen, Alexis Thomas, Adolphe Touffait, Raymond Triboulet, Claude Urman, Robert Va ssart, Charles Zambeaux. j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j J Note on Usage OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS refer either to a Comite Departemental de Liberation or to a Comite Departemental de Ia Liberation (em phasis mine); I have used the shorter form except in direct quota tion. The abbreviation is CDL. FFI, standing for Forces Fran~aises de l'Interieur, was often used to refer to the non-Communist resistance only, i.e., to all com bat units except the Francs-Tireurs et Partisans Fran~ais (FTP). In the later stages of the liberation the FFI included the FTP. In some places the non-Communist elements of the FFI were referred to as the Secret Army (Armee Secrete). Among other frequently used abbreviations: CNR-Conseil National de Ia Resistance PPF-Parti Populaire Fran~ais (Jacques Doriot) RNF-Rassemblement National Populaire (Marcel Deat) L VF-Legion des Volontaires Fran~is contre le Bolchevisme, a French unit which fought with the German army; not to be confused with the Legion Fran~se des Combattants, Vichy's veterans' movement
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