The Psychology of Eating: From Healthy to Disordered Behavior

394 Pages·2010·1.09 MB·English

by  Jane Ogden

The Psychology of Eating

The Psychology of Eating
From Healthy to Disordered Behavior
2nd edition
Jane Ogden
A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
This edition first published 2010
© 2010 Jane Ogden
Edition history: Blackwell Publishing. (1e, 2003)
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Ogden, Jane, 1966–
The psychology of eating : from healthy to disordered behavior / Jane Ogden.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4051-9121-0 (hardcover : alk. paper) — ISBN 978-1-4051-9120-3 (pbk. : alk.
paper) 1. Eating disorders. 2. Appetite disorders. 3. Food habits. I. Title.
RC552.E18O47 2010
616.85′26–dc22
2009035840
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Set in 10.5/13pt Minion by Graphicraft Limited, Hong Kong
Printed in Malaysia
1 2010
Contents
List of Figures viii
Foreword – Janet Polivy x
Acknowledgments xiii
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
The Aim of This Book 1
The Focus of This Book 2
The Structure of This Book 2
Further Reading 5
Chapter 2 Healthy Eating 8
What Is Healthy Eating? 8
The Role of Diet in Contributing to Illness 11
The Role of Diet in Treating Illness 16
Who Has a Healthy Diet? 20
The Impact of Health Concerns 27
A Note on Measuring Food Intake 28
Conclusion 30
Chapter 3 Food Choice 31
Developmental Models of Food Choice 32
Cognitive Models of Food Choice 43
Psychophysiological Models of Food Choice 49
Conclusion 61
vi Contents
Chapter 4 The Meaning of Food 63
Food Classification Systems 64
Food as a Statement of the Self 66
Food as Social Interaction 72
Food as Cultural Identity 74
Measuring Beliefs About the Meaning of Food 80
Conclusion 80
Chapter 5 The Meaning of Size 82
Media Representations 82
The Meaning of Sex 87
The Meaning of Size 88
Conclusion 96
Chapter 6 Body Dissatisfaction 97
What Is Body Dissatisfaction? 97
Who Is Dissatisfied With Their Body? 100
Causes of Body Dissatisfaction 105
Consequences of Body Dissatisfaction 112
Conclusion 115
Chapter 7 Dieting 116
Putting Dieting in Context 116
The Dieting Industry 121
What Is Dieting? 127
Dieting and Overeating 130
The Consequences of Dieting 138
Problems With Restraint Theory 142
Conclusion 146
Chapter 8 Obesity 148
What Is Obesity? 148
How Common Is Obesity? 151
What Are the Consequences of Obesity? 152
What Are the Causes of Obesity? 157
Physiological Theories 157
Contents vii
The Obesogenic Environment 163
Problems With Obesity Research 177
Conclusion 179
Chapter 9 Obesity Treatment 180
Doctors’ Beliefs About Obesity 180
Dietary Interventions 182
Should Obesity Be Treated at All? 187
The Treatment Alternatives 190
The Success Stories 201
Preventing Obesity 206
Conclusion 209
Chapter 10 Eating Disorders 211
Anorexia Nervosa 211
What Are the Consequences of Anorexia Nervosa? 220
Bulimia Nervosa 225
What Are the Consequences of Bulimia Nervosa? 230
Causes of Eating Disorders 233
Conclusion 252
Chapter 11 Treating Eating Disorders 254
Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy 255
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) 259
Family Therapy 264
Inpatient Treatment 267
An Integrated Approach to Treatment 273
Chapter 12 An Integrated Model of Diet 276
A Summary of the Literature on Diet 276
Common Themes Across the Literature on Eating Behavior 279
An Integrated Model of Diet 285
Conclusion 286
References 288
Author Index 351
Subject Index 365
List of Figures
1.1 From healthy to disordered eating: A spectrum of diet 3
2.1 Healthy eating 10
2.2 Healthy eating in young adults 23
3.1 Food choice 33
3.2 Social eating 36
3.3 The basics of the theory of reasoned action 44
3.4 The basics of the theory of planned behavior 45
3.5 Neurochemicals and food choice 54
4.1 The meaning of food 66
4.2 Food and sex 67
4.3 Food: Guilt versus pleasure 70
4.4 Food as self-control 71
4.5 Food and the family 73
4.6 Food: Health versus pleasure 75
4.7 Food and religion 76
5.1 Contemporary ideals of beauty 86
5.2 The meaning of size 89
5.3 The meaning of size: Control 92
5.4 The meaning of size: Success 94
6.1 Body dissatisfaction 99
6.2 Body silhouettes for adults 99
6.3 Smoking as a response to body dissatisfaction 113
7.1 “Diets work” 124
7.2 The central role for control 127
7.3 Dieting and overeating 129
7.4 The boundary model of overeating 132
7.5 A comparison of the boundaries for different
types of eating 133