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iiiiii tsiliiiil"''' 1 ^N Baltzell F n- u ^'sby 5 7 Th D B26 "^"^^^^^^nt establi. :nent HN //105.52 57 Baltzell E. Digby (Edward Digby)t f B26 1915- The Protestant establishment : aristocracy G caste in America / by E» Digby Baltzell* New York Random : House cl964« f xviii, 429 p. ill. 22 cm- : ; Includes bibliographical references (p. 388-403) and index. jifl0552 &i±t:Emerson $ • . — 1. Social cla—sses United States. 2. WASPS (Persons—) United States. 3. Social status Uni—ted States. 4. Elite (Social scienc—es) United States. 5. United States Social conditions. I. Title { 06 DEC 91 711144 NEWCxc 64-14840r894 aristocra 12982 csn -^S"cau«Vrc..uo«»u THE LIBRARY NEW COLLEGE OF CALIFORNIA 50 FELL STREET SAN FRANCIS^CO. CALIFORNIA 94102 626-4212 (4 13) The Protestant Establishment The Protestant Establishment ARISTOCRACY & CASTE IN AMERICA by Digby E. Baltzell RANDOM HOUSE NEW YORK / 1 The author wishes to thank the following for permission to reprint material included in this volume: HARPER'S MAGAZINE-for selection based on an article entitled "By Any Other Name," Harper's, March 1955. THE MACMILLAN COMPANY, THE MACMILLAN COMPANY OF CANADA, LTD., and MRS. W. B. YEATS-for four lines from "The COLLECTED POEMS Second Coming," from the of William Butler 5^ Yeats. Copyright, 1924, by The Macmillan Company. Renewed 1952 by S-^ Bertha Georgie Yeats. '^ THE HAROLD MATSON CO., INC.-for selection from "The Democrats' Golden Girl" by Inez Robb, from the Saturday Evening Post, October 22, © '-x i960. Curtis Publishing Company. NEWSWEEK— for selection from the article "Zeta Beta Kaput?," Newsweek (Vol. LVII No. 13, March 27, 1961) p. 82. ^ SAN FRANCISCO CHRONICLE-for selection from Lucius Beebe's col- umn, San Francisco Chronicle, August 1, i960. s TIME— for selection from the article "Crosse Pointe's Cross Points" from Time, April 25, i960. Copyright Time Inc., i960. Manufactured in the United States of America © COPYRIGHT, 1964 BY E. DIGBY BALTZELL ALL RIGHTS RESERVED UNDER INTERNATIONAL AND J PAN-AMERICAN COPYRIGHT CONVENTIONS. PUBLISHED ^^ IN NEW YORK BY RANDOM HOUSE, INC., AND ^ SIMULTANEOUSLY IN TORONTO, CANADA, BY >^ RANDOM HOUSE OF CANADA LIMITED. S^ LIBRARY OF CONGRESS CATALOG CARD NUMBER: 64-14840 This book is dedicated to all my undergraduate friends at the University of Pennsylvania, many of them grandsons of immigrants to the urban frontier, who, in spite of their possessing too many Jaguars and mink-coated mothers, have constantly renewed my faith in the American Dream of unlimited opportunity The French nobihty, after having lost its ancient po- htical rights, and ceased more than any other country of feudal Europe to govern and guide the nation, had, nevertheless, not only preserved, but considerably en- larged its pecuniary immunities, and the advantages which the members of this body personally possessed; while it had become a subordinate class it still re- mained a privileged and closed body, less and less an aristocracy, as I have said elsewhere, but more and more a caste . . . Alexis de Tocqueville