The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 1992: Vol 51 Table of Contents

15 Pages·1992·2.8 MB·English

PROCEEDINGS OF THE
NUTRITION SOCIETY
EDITED FOR THE NUTRITION SOCIETY
R. R. SMITHARD
Proceedings of the English Group
J.R. ARTHUR
Proceedings of the Scottish Group
D. A. T. SOUTHGATE
Chairman of the Editorial Board
VOLUME 51, 1992
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
CAMBRIDGE - LONDON - NEW YORK
PUBLISHED BY
THE SYNDICS OF THE CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS
The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge CB2 1RP
40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA
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© The Nutrition Society 1992
Printed in Great Britain by Lamport Gilbert Ltd
Wantage Road, Reading, England
[v]
CONTENTS OF VOLUME 51, 1992
(All rights reserved)
Satiety (Symposium Proceedings: 27-30 August 1991)
Gastrointestinal satiety in animals other than man. D. V. Rayner
Role of gastrointestinal factors in hunger and satiety in man. N. W. Read
Metabolic aspects of satiety. J. M. Forbes
Integration of internal and external signals in intake control. D. A. Booth
Dietary Advice (Symposium Proceedings: 27-30 August 1991)
Dietary reference values. R. G. Whitehead
Are there conflicts in dietary advice for prevention of different diseases? M. J.
Gibney
Dietary advice: foods or nutrients D. A. T. Southgate
Nutritional information: do we know what we are eating? Richard Moody
Is our dietary advice effective? A. E. de Looy, P. L. Auty & C. A. Coates
Nutrition and Development (Symposium Proceedings: 27-30 August 1991)
Jamaican studies in nutrition and child development, and their implications for
national development. Sally M. Grantham-McGregor & George Cumper
Nutrition and health development — lessons from Kerala. C. R. Soman
Nutrition and socio-economic development in Southeast Asia. Rodolfo F.
Florentino & Regina A. Pedro
(Workshop Reports: 27-30 August 1991)
Nutrition information and training: networking in international community
nutrition. Jacqueline Landman & Ann Burgess
Can nutritional indicators be used to measure economic development? Elizabeth
Dowler & Jane Pryer
Comparative Aspects of the Concepts in Animal and Human Energy Metab-
olism (Symposium Proceedings: 27-30 August 1991)
Integration of human and animal concepts of energy metabolism. Paul W. Moe 109-115
Approaches and limitations to the prediction of energy requirements in wild
animal husbandry and veterinary care. James K. Kirkwood & Peter M.
Bennett 117-124
Merits of empirical and mechanistic approaches to the study of energy metab-
olism. K. J. McCracken 125-133
vi CONTENTS
Impact of Diet on Critical Events in Development (Symposium Proceedings:
27-30 August 1991)
The effect of nutrition of the fetus and neonate on cardiovascular disease in
adult life. D. J. P. Barker 135-144
Food and biological clocks. Brian Wharton 145-153
Breast and gut: the relationship between lactating mammary function and
neonatal gastrointestinal function. Lawrence T. Weaver 155-163
Maternal and environmental influences on thermoregulation in the neonate.
M. E. Symonds & M. A. Lomax 165-172
Diet effects on enterocyte development. Michael W. Smith 173-178
Micronutrient Transport Processes (Symposium Proceedings: 27-30 August
1991)
Tocopherol transport and absorption. William Cohn, Peter Gross, Hugo Grun,
Francine Loechleiter, David P. R. Muller & Martin Zulauf 179-188
The transport of vitamin C and effects of disease. C. J. Schorah 189-198
The transport of iron and copper across the cell membrane: different mechan-
isms for different metals? Harry J. McArdle 199-209
Dose dependence of zinc and manganese absorption in man. Brittmarie
Sandstrém 211-218
Folate—vitamin B)2 interrelationships in the central nervous system. John M.
Scott 219-224
Cystic Fibrosis (Symposium Proceedings: 27-30 August 1991)
Nutrition in cystic fibrosis: a historical overview. John A. Dodge 225-235
Energy metabolism in cystic fibrosis. A.O ’Rawe 237-244
Fat-soluble vitamins in cystic fibrosis. Rosemary J. Rayner 245-250
The Sir David Cuthbertson Medal Lecture 1991 (21/22 November 1991)
The mechanisms and treatment of weight loss in cancer. Kenneth C. H. Fearon 251-265
New Strategies for Manipulating the Metabolic Response to Severe Illness
(Symposium Proceedings: 21/22 November 1991)
Modulating the metabolic response to injury and infection. Stephen F. Lowry 267-277
The metabolic response to cancer. Johan Gelin & Kent Lundholm 279-284
Dietary manipulation of the inflammatory response. Robert F. Grimble 285-294
Nutrition and Cognitive Efficiency (Symposium Proceedings: 3 April 1992)
Vitamin—mineral supplements and intelligence. David Benton 295-302
Vitamin and mineral supplementation and academic performance in schvol-
children. Michael Nelson 303-313
Micronutrient intake and psychological performance of schoolchildren: con-
sideration of the value of calculated nutrient intakes for the assessment of
micronutrient status in children. Susan Southon, A. J. A. Wright, P. M.
Finglas, Angela L: Bailey & Joanne L. Belsten 315-324
CONTENTS
Use and effects of food and drinks in relation to daily rhythms of mood and
cognitive performance. Effects of caffeine, lunch and alcohol on human
performance, mood and cardiovascular function. Andrew Smith, Anna
Kendrick & Andrea Maben 325-333
Personal benefits from post-ingestional actions of dietary constituents. D. A.
Booth, J. A. French, C. J. Wainwright & A. J. H. Gatherer 335-341
Nutritional influences on mood and cognitive performance: the menstrual cycle,
caffeine and dieting. Peter J. Rogers, Stephen Edwards, Michael W. Green &
Pauline Jas 343-351
The Manipulation of Adiposity (Symposium Proceedings: 2/3 April 1992)
Why do people get fat: is adipose tissue guilty? Margaret Ashwell 353-365
An evolutionary and functional view of mammalian adipose tissue. Caroline M.
Pond 367-377
Dietary and other factors involved in the proliferation, determination and
differentiation of adipocyte precursor cells. A. Cryer, S. E. Williams & J.
Cryer 379-385
Influence of diet on the development and regulation of lipogenic enzymes in
adipose tissue. Dominique Perdereau, Fabienne Foufelle, Betty Gouhot,
Pascal Ferre & Jean Girard 387-395
Effects of diet on lipolysis and its regulation. Richard G. Vernon 397-408
Effect of diet on human adipose tissue metabolism. Keith N. Frayn, Simon W.
Coppack & Jennifer L. Potts 409-418
Manipulation of adiposity by somatotropin and B-adrenergic agonists: a
comparison of their mechanisms of action. Terry D. Etherton & Isabelle
Louveau 419-431
Immunological manipulation of adiposity. David J. Flint 433-439
Breeding and transgenesis as means of decreasing adiposity in farm animal
species: practice and promise. H. D. Griffin, N. D. Cameron & G. Bulfield 441-446
ABSTRACTS OF COMMUNICATIONS
27-30 August 1991
Gastric emptying and unidirectional water absorption of glucose solutions in
man. C. S. Primrose, J. B. Leiper & R. J. Maughan
Effects of guar gum supplementation of breakfast cereals on small intestinal
hydrolases in the rat. J. C. Mathers, Patricia A. Lawlor & D. S. Parker
Effects of enzyme supplementation on digestibility of wheat feed by weaned
pigs. Devina McClean & K. J. McCracken
Comparison of the effects of bran and ispaghula on colonic contents in the rat.
C. A. Edwards & M. A. Eastwood
The effect of supplementing elemental diet with dextran on colonic short-chain
fatty acids and cellular proliferation in the rat. C. A. Edwards, M. Bruce & A.
Ferguson
In vitro fermentation of a galacto-oligosaccharide by human bacteria in con-
tinuous culture. M. Durand, C. Cordelet, G.H annequart & P. Beaumatin
Vill CONTENTS
Effects of galacto-oligosaccharides (TOS) on bacterial enzymic activities and
metabolite production in rats associated with a human faecal flora. Hiroko
Kikuchi, Claude Andrieux & Odette Szylit
The effects of dietary guar gum or soya fibre on the activities of some
NADPH-generating enzymes in rats. Heather J. Finlayson, Randi Barstad &
J. C. Mathers
The influence of chronic ethanol feeding on duodenal and hepatic monoamine
oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4) in the rat. N. P. Kennedy
The increase in n-3 fatty acids in plasma of humans consuming enriched eggs.
David Farrell
Free radical oxidant generation by murine brain glial cells in vitro: potential
nutritional antioxidant interactions and relevance to Alzheimer’s dementia.
P. H. Evans
The effect of dietary iron levels on iron status and antioxidant enzymes in the
rat. H. E. Bristow, J. J. Strain & R. W. Welch
Influence of heated vegetable oils and a-tocopheryl acetate on susceptibility of
chicken tissues to lipid peroxidation. P. J. A. Sheehy, P. A. Morrissey & A.
Flynn
The effects of dietary lipid source on lipid peroxidation and damage to cardiac
tissue induced by ischaemia and reperfusion. S$. O'Farrell & M. J. Jackson
Effect of trans fatty acids on skeletal muscle membrane metabolism and
viability. M. J. Jackson, R. Neale & G. Norton
Milk choices in Saskatchewan, Canada: consumer behaviour and reasons for
milk choice. Alison M. Stephen & Bruce A. Reeder
The influence of type of milk and breakfast cereal consumption on daily intake
of fat and non-starch polysaccharide in university students. Alison M.
Stephen, Wendy J. Dahl & Glynis M. Sieber
The effect of variation in sources of energy intake on the nutritional quality of
the diet of pre-school children. Jessica A. Payne
Intake and sources of sugar in the diet of pre-school children. Jessica A. Payne
The absorption of retinol in Bangladeshi children with ascariasis. F. Ahmed, B.
Margetts & A. A. Jackson
Effect of vitamin A status on serum and tear immunoglobulins in children. S. M.
Filteau, R. A. Abbott, P. Arthur, F. Dinka, J. Gyapong, D. Ross, M.
Steward, R. Bailey, B. Kirkwood & A. M. Tomkins
Plasma vitamin A and E levels in healthy young women. P. Halford & A. A.
Jackson
Unusual behaviour of a vitamin B;2-binder, Transcobalamin 1, in cattle plasma.
J. Price, S. G. Barrie & §. Ueno
The effect of pyridoxine deficiency on copper status in male and female rats.
J. C. W. Brown & J. J. Strain
No effect of dietary boron on urinary oestrogen excretion in rats. J. H. Beattie
Smoking, and correlations between dietary fat and adipose tissue linoleate
(18:2n-6) using a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). C. Bolton-Smith, M.
Woodward & H. Tunstall-Pedoe
The effect of dietary oil composition on lipid composition of pig meat. C. A.
Morgan, R. C. Noble, M. Cocchi & R. McCartney
CONTENTS
Serum lipids and apolipoproteins (Apo-Al, A2 and B) in the Chinese from
mainland and Singapore. N. Saha & J. S. H. Tay
Which foods best discriminate between individuals with low-fat and high-fat
diets? S. A. Gibson, D. A. Rose & R. C. Cottrell
Nutritional status of subjects with middle-aged onset Parkinson’s disease. R. A.
Abbott, H. Marcus, M. Cox, M. Hodkinson & A. Tomkins
The incidence and cause of weight loss in Parkinson’s disease. An anthropo-
metric study of eighty-five patients. H. S. Markus, A. Tomkins & G. M. Stern
Acid-base status of pre-menopausal vegetarian and omnivorous women. D.
Ball, J. D. Robertson & R. J. Maughan
Evaluating dietary surveys against energy requirements. A. E. Black, G. R.
Goldberg, S. A. Jebb & A. M. Prentice
The effects of potassium deficiency on energy balance in the growing rat. R.
Hailwood, S. A. Wootton & A. A. Jackson
Effect of porcine somatotropin and insulin on nutrient uptake by the hindlimb of
growing pigs. Diane Wray-Cahen, Alan W. Bell, R. Dean Boyd & Dale E.
Bauman
5-Oxo-L-proline and orotic acid excretion during normal pregnancy. C. Persaud,
A. A. Jackson, & G. Werkmeister
Oestrogen production in human adipose tissue in vivo. K. N. Frayn, D. U.
Hudson, K. L. Boulton & §. W. Coppack
Development of bio-markers for bone turnover: the excretion of pyridinium
cross-links in pre-school children. F. Branca, A. Duncan, C. Casey, A.
Ferro-Luzzi & S. P. Robins
Total body water measurement in very low birth weight infants using bioelec-
trical impedance. D. C. Wilson, T. Baird, C. M. Scrimgeour, G. McClure,
H. L. Halliday, M. McC. Reid & M. J. Rennie
Ultrafiltered cow’s milk as a milk substitute for rat pups. J. L. Smart, R. F.
Massey, A. C. McMahon & D. G. Dalgleish
Energy cost of egg formation in quail. S. Ward & M. G. MacLeod
Urea kinetics in free-living adults measured with a single-dose method. /.
McClelland, M. Danielsen & A. A. Jackson
Limits of adaptation to a low-protein diet in normal adults: urea kinetics. M.
Danielsen & A. A. Jackson
Whole-body protein turnover in healthy young women at different stages of the
menstrual cycle. G. Grove & A. A. Jackson
Effect of manipulation of the efficiency of nitrogen retention by diet on plasma
insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) concentration. G. V. Kriel & M. A.
Lomax
Interaction between endotoxaemia and low protein intake on rat skeletal muscle
contractile characteristics. L. B. Levy & S. A. Wootton
MRI estimates of changes in adipose tissue area with weight loss. J. Love, M. A.
Foster, G. McNeill & V. Antfang
The effect of smoking cessation on energy expenditure and body-weight. By
Mary Cursiter, M. Holmes & Sheila Jennett
Energy intake and expenditure in divers during a 450 m working dive. Paul
Haggarty, Geraldine McNeill, Brian A. McGaw, Susannah L. Christie,
Deborah C. Morrison, Eric Milne & Gary Duncan
x CONTENTS
Feeding pattern in humans. 1. The relationship between feeding pattern and
body-weight. C. D. Summerbell & R. C. Moody
Feeding patterns in humans. 2. Feeding patterns and sources of energy intake.
C. D. Summerbell & R. C. Moody
Carbohydrate balance and day-to-day food intake in man. R. J. Stubbs, P. R.
Murgatroyd, G. R. Goldberg & A. M. Prentice
Effect of dietary fat content and choice on intake and performance of growing
pigs. Rhona Urquhart & K. J. McCracken
The effect of adding 10% maize oil to the diet on body fatness and food intake in
broiler chickens. A. Y. Yalda & J. M. Forbes
Effect of dietary supplemental ascorbic acid on performance and choice feeding
of broiler chicks under heat stress. H. R. Kutlu & J. M. Forbes
The effect of force-feeding various levels of protein on diet selection and growth
of broiler chickens. F. Shariatmadari & J. M. Forbes
Effects of meat species and particle size on postprandial satiety. Jennifer A.
French, Clare J. Wainwright, David A. Booth & Jan Hamilton
Gene expression and the metabolic role of zinc. J. K. Chesters, R. Boyne &
Linda Petrie
Stable isotope studies of short-term plasma zinc kinetics in normal human
subjects. N. M. Lowe, J. M. Rhodes, A. Green & M. J. Jackson
In vitro studies on transepithelial phosphate transport in the small intestines of
goats and sheep. G. Breves, H. Kaeppner & B. Schroeder
Stimulation of trace element absorption by major metals in vitro. J. B. Adekalu
& F. W. Heaton
Effect of ascorbic acid and lemon juice on tea-inhibited iron absorption in
suckling rats. A. Flynn & M. Reddy
Progressive effects of selenium deficiency on the acute cold-induced stimulation
of type II iodothyronine deiodinase activity in rat brown adipose tissue. J. R.
Arthur, G. J. Beckett, F. Nicol, Y. Guo & P. Trayhurn
Food consumption and nutritional status of adolescents in Birmingham. Fati
Rabiee, J. Munn & J. Lutz
A pilot study to investigate nutritional deprivation among low-income house-
holds in London. Penny Allen & Elizabeth Dowler
Are practice nurses an effective means of delivering dietary advice as part of
health promotion in primary health care? Alison Kyle
Nutritional knowledge and attitudes towards nutrition education in medical
students at Southampton University Medical School. P. Heywood & S. A.
Wootton
Attitudes to food allergy: families in Dublin. S. Sugrue & N. P. Kennedy
Basal metabolic rate and body composition in Mexican males of different body
mass index. M. E. Valencia, S. Y. Moya, G. McNeill & P. Haggarty
A new approach to the measurement activity and work efficiency in a whole-
room indirect calorimeter. T. J. Horton, M. Sun & J. O. Hill
Validation of the doubly-labelled water (DLW) method in growing pigs. Paul
Haggarty, Malcolm F. Fuller, Susannah L. Christie, Brian A. McGaw, Eric
Milne, Gary Duncan & John §. Smith
CONTENTS
Validations of dietary assessment using doubly-labelled water. A. E. Black,
G. R. Goldberg, S. A. Jebb, S. A. Bingham, M. B. E. Livingstone & A. M.
Prentice
Energy intake and basal metabolic rate of children with chronic asthma. S.
Zeitlin, S. A.B ond, M. Radford & S. A. Wootton
Energy intake and basal metabolic rate in paediatric oncology patients receiving
chemotherapy. S. Bond, J. Kohler & S. A. Wootton
Raised resting energy expenditure in subjects with middle-aged onset of
Parkinson’s disease. M. Cox, H. Marcus, R. Abbott, M. Hodkinson & A. M.
Tomkins
The blood pressure of Gambian children — effects of maternal weight during
pregnancy. B. M. Margetts, A.M . Cruddas, M. G. M. Rowland, F. A. Foord,
T. J. Cole & D. J. P. B. Barker
Effect on birth weight of a community-based supplementation programme for
pregnant Gambian women: first year results. S. M. Ceesay, S. Saidykhan,
A. M. Prentice, T. J. Cole, K. C. Day, M. G. M. Rowland, L. T. Weaver &
R. G. Whitehead
Effect of weaning foods on breast milk intake in Gambian infants. R. M.
Downes, A. M. Prentice, W. A. Coward, R. G. Whitehead & L. T. Weaver
Effects of maternal tissue protein depletion at parturition on subsequent
lactational performance in rats. A. P. Pine, N. S. Jessop & J. D. Oldham
Performance of dairy cows of different genetic index offered diets differing in
forage:concentrate ratio over a full lactation. J. D. Oldham, H. Parkinson, P.
Persaud & G. Simm
Nutrition—endocrine interrelations and growth in suckled lambs. J. M. Bassett
Effect of rearing neonatal lambs in a cold or warm environment on
thermogenesis during slow-wave sleep. C. J. Darby, L. Clarke, M. A. Lomax
& M. E. Symonds
Total energy expenditure of free-living Chinese infants and toddlers in Hong
Kong from 6 months-2 years. S. S. H. Lui, S. S. F. Leung, F. H. Y. Yuen &
W. A. Coward
The effect of morbidity on the growth of stunted and non-stunted children. S. P.
Walker, C. A. Powell, S. M. Grantham-McGregor, D. T. Simeon & J. H.
Himes
Brown fat-specific mitochondrial uncoupling protein in adipose tissues of
neonatal goats. Paul Trayhurn & Jacqueline S. Keith
Genetic variation in diet-induced thermogenesis in birds. P. A. Geraert, Solange
Guillaumin, A. Bordas & P. Merat
The influence of genotype, diet and stage of lactation on erythrocyte ATPase
activity in dairy cattle. A. P. Pine, N. S. Jessop & J. D. Oldham
Effects of tumour necrosis factor-a (TNF-a) on lungs and liver in mice are
modified by fats of varying saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated
fatty acid content. S. Bashir & R. F. Grimble
Oleic acid as a determinant of the difference between the suppressive effects of
coconut oil and butter on responses to tumour necrosis factor a (TNFa) in
rats. Hilda Mulrooney & R. F. Grimble
xii CONTENTS
Changes in basal metabolic rate, fasting respiratory quotient and body fat
following energy supplementation of chronically-undernourished individuals.
M. J. Soares, R. N. Kulkarni, L. S. Piers, M. Vaz & P. S. Shetty
The effect of changes in dietary carbohydrate v. fat intake on 24 h energy
expenditure and nutrient oxidation in post-menopausal women. G. McNeill,
D. C. Morrison, L. Davidson & J. S. Smith
Energy balance in healthy elderly women. J. J. Reilly, A. Lord, V. W. Bunker,
A. M. Prentice, W. A. Coward, A. J. Thomas & R. S. J. Briggs
21/22 November 1991
Basal metabolic rate and fuel oxidat'on rates in chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease. J. H. Green, P. N. Bramley & M. F. Muers
Nutrition team audit. C. E. Plester, K. C. H. Fearon, R. Richardson, P. Rogers,
C. Sedgwick, J. McWhirter, H. Reddy & O. J. Garden
Infection with human immunodeficiency virus does not prevent the acute
anabolic response to nutrition. D. C. Macallan, M. A. McNurlan, P. J.
Garlick & G. E. Griffin
The independent metabolic effects of anaesthesia and surgery. F. Carli, J.
Webster & G. Ronzoni
Metabolic responses to interleukin-1 (IL-1) are attenuated by dietary
eicosapentaenoic (20:5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic (22:6 n-3) fatty acids in the
rat. A. L. Cooper, K. Weddell, T. A. B. Sanders & N. J. Rothwell
Effect of Ibuprofen on the acute-phase response and whole-body protein
turnover of weight-losing cancer patients. T. Preston, K. C. H. Fearon, F. P.
Winstanley, C. Slater, D.C . McMillan, A. Shenkin & O. J. Garden
Lymphocyte protein synthesis: an in vivo measure of activation. K. G. M. Park,
S. D. Heys, O. Eremin & P. J. Garlick
Effects of surgical trauma on muscle protein synthesis at local and distant sites.
A. Ghusain-Choueiri & P. W. Emery
The influence of respiratory quotient and serum lipid levels on thermic effect of
continual enteral nutrition. L. Sobotka, Z. Zadak & J. Chaloupka
Plasma amino acids and peptiduria during intravenous infusion of a short-chain
ovalbumin hydrolysate, or its equivalent amino acid (AA) mixture, in man.
G. K. Grimble, P. C. Aimer, P. Morris, A. Raimundo, B. Weryk & D. B. A.
Silk
The effect of alanyl-glutamine peptide supplementation on muscle protein
synthesis in post-surgical patients receiving glutamine-free amino acids
intravenously. J. M. Barua, E. Wilson, S. Downie, B. Weryk, A. Cuschieri &
M. J. Rennie
Glutamine promotes interleukin-2 production by concanavalin A-stimulated
lymphocytes. P. C. Calder & E. A. Newsholme
Glutamine increases protein synthesis in heart, skeletal muscle, liver and gut of
dexamethasone-treated rats. P. W. Watt, H. S. Hundal, S. Downie & M. J.
Rennie
Effects of major and minor surgery on plasma glutamine and cytokine concen-
trations. M. Parry-Billings, E. A. Newsholme, R. Baigrie, P. M. Lamont &
P. J. Morris