The present perfective paradox across languages

236 Pages·2017·1.41 MB·English

by  De Wit

The Present Perfective Paradox across Languages
OXFORD STUDIES OF TIME IN LANGUAGE AND THOUGHT
GENERAL EDITORS: Kasia M. Jaszczolt, University of Cambridge and Louis de
Saussure,UniversityofNeuchâtel
ADVISORY EDITORS: Nicholas Asher, Université Paul Sabatier; Johan van der
Auwera, University of Antwerp; Robert I. Binnick, University of Toronto; Ronny
Boogaart, University of Leiden; Frank Brisard, University of Antwerp; Patrick
Caudal, CNRS; Anastasia Giannakidou, University of Chicago; Hans Kronning,
UniversityofUppsala;RonaldLangacker,UniversityofCalifornia,SanDiego;Alex
Lascarides,UniversityofEdinburgh;PeterLudlow,NorthwesternUniversity;Aliceter
Meulen, UniversityofGeneva;RobinLePoidevin,Universityof Leeds;PaulPortner,
GeorgetownUniversity;TimStowell,UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles;Henriëttede
Swart,UniversityofUtrecht
PUBLISHED
Time
Language,Cognition,andReality
EditedbyKasiaM.JaszczoltandLouisdeSaussure
FutureTimes,FutureTenses
EditedbyPhilippeDeBrabanter,MikhailKissine,andSaghieSharifzadeh
Time,Language,andOntology
TheWorldfromtheB-TheoreticPerspective
byM.JoshuaMozersky
ThePresentPerfectiveParadoxacrossLanguages
byAstridDeWit
The Present Perfective
Paradox across
Languages
ASTRID DE WIT
1
OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,7/9/2016,SPi
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OUPCORRECTEDPROOF–FINAL,7/9/2016,SPi
Contents
GeneralPreface x
Acknowledgments xii
ListofGlosses xiii
 Introduction 
. Thepresentperfectiveparadox:Afirstglance 
. Selectedlanguages 
. Acognitive-semanticapproachtocross-linguisticvariation 
. Thestructureofthestudy 
 Anepistemicapproachtothecategoriesoftenseandaspect 
. Tense 
.. Temporalandnon-temporalusesoftenseconstructions 
.. Amodalaccountofthepresenttense 
. Aspect 
.. Lexicalandgrammaticalaspect:Aunifiedaspectmodel 
.. Grammaticalaspect 
... Perfectiveandimperfectiveaspect 
... Othertypesofgrammaticalaspect 
.. Lexicalaspect 
. The perfect 
 Thepresentperfectiveparadox:Thestateoftheart 
. Theincompatibilityproblem 
. Previousanalysesoftheincompatibilityproblem 
. Objectivesofthecurrentstudy 
 ThepresentperfectiveparadoxinEnglish 
. UsagetypesoftheEnglishsimplepresent 
.. Present-timereference 
.. Historicalpresent 
.. Futurate 
.. Non-counterfactualconditionals 
.. Habitualandgenericcontexts 
.. Theuseofthesimplepresentversusthepresentprogressive
incomparablecontexts 
.. OverviewoftheusagetypesoftheEnglishsimplepresent 
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. PreviousanalysesofthesemanticsoftheEnglishpresenttense 
.. Analysesofthetemporalmeaningofthesimplepresent 
.. Analysesoftheaspectualmeaningofthesimplepresent 
.. Thesimplepresentversusthepresentprogressive:Aspectual
andmodalaccounts 
. ThesemanticsoftheEnglishpresenttenseandtheriseofthe
presentperfectiveparadox 
.. AsemanticanalysisoftheEnglishsimplepresent 
... Basicmodalandtemporalmeaning 
... Aspectualmeaning 
... Themodalcontrastbetweenthesimplepresent
andthepresentprogressive 
... Thedevelopmentofthepresentprogressive
andtheriseoftheperfectivemeaningofthesimple
presentinEnglish 
.. Interactionsbetweenthesimplepresentandtypesof
lexicalaspectindifferentcontexts 
... Statesversusevents 
... Present-timereferencewitheventsinnon-virtual
contexts 
... Present-timereferencewitheventsinvirtual
contexts 
. Twotypesofsolutionfortheincompatibilityproblems 
.. Astructuralinterpretation 
.. Typeshifting 
... Thepresentperfect 
... Thepresentprogressive 
. Conclusion 
 ThepresentperfectiveparadoxinFrench 
. UsagetypesoftheFrenchsimplepresent 
.. Present-timereference 
.. Historicalpresent 
.. Futurate 
.. Non-counterfactualconditionals 
.. Habitualandgenericcontexts 
.. OverviewoftheusagetypesoftheFrenchsimplepresent 
. PreviousanalysesofthesemanticsoftheFrenchsimplepresent 
. ThesemanticsoftheFrenchsimplepresentandhowitavoids
theriseofthepresentperfectiveparadox 
.. Thebasicmodalandtemporalmeaningofthesimplepresent 
.. Theaspectualambiguityofthesimplepresent 
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Contents vii
... Aspectualambiguityandthecontinuative
presentperfect 
... Epistemicimplicationsoftheaspectualambiguity 
.. TheFrenchsimplepresentandthepresentperfective
paradox 
.. Themodalcontrastbetweenthesimplepresentandthe
presentprogressive 
. Adiachronicexplanationfortheaspectualambiguityofthe
simplepresent 
. Conclusion 
 ThepresentperfectiveparadoxinSranan 
. Preliminaryobservations 
. Methodology:Actionalclassificationandcorpusanalysis 
.. Classesoflexicalaspect 
.. Corpusdataandelicitations 
. Usagetypesofzero 
.. Present-timereference 
.. Presentperfect 
.. Narrativecontexts 
.. Past perfectiveoutsidenarrativecontexts 
.. Non-counterfactualconditionalclauses 
.. Overviewoftheusagetypesofzero 
. Previousanalysesofzero,ben,ande 
. Analysis:Zeroasapresentperfectivemarker 
.. Zeroasapresentperfectivemarkerandtheriseofthe
presentperfectiveparadox 
.. Twotypesofsolutionforthepresentperfectiveparadox 
... Typeshifting:Theprogressive/habituale 
... Alternative‘non-present’interpretations 
. Conclusion 
 ThepresentperfectiveparadoxinSlavic 
. Slavic-styleaspectinthisstudy 
. Usagetypesofthepresent(perfective)tenseacrossSlaviclanguages 
.. InnortheasternSlavic(RussianandPolish) 
... Future-timereference 
... Habitual 
... Historicalpresent 
... Realisconditionals 
... Actualpresent 
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.. InnorthwesternSlavic(Czech) 
... Future-timereference 
... Habitual 
... Historicalpresent 
... Non-counterfactualconditionals 
... Actualpresent 
.. InsouthwesternSlavic(Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian) 
... Habitual 
... Historicalpresent 
... Realisconditionals 
... Actualpresent-timereference 
.. Overview 
. TheriseofthepresentperfectiveparadoxinSlavic 
.. Argumentsinfavorofapresent-tenseanalysis 
.. Whydoesthepresent-timereportingofperfectiveevents
seemmoreproblematicintheeasternSlaviclanguages
thaninthewesternSlaviclanguages? 
. Twotypesofsolutionfortheincompatibilityproblems 
.. Imperfectiveandperfectconstruals 
... Imperfectivization 
... Thelimitedtype-shiftingfunctionoftheperfect
inSouthSlavic 
.. Non-presentreadings:The‘prospectivestrategy’andthe
‘structuralstrategy’ 
... Theexploitationofthe‘prospectivestrategy’in
differentSlaviclanguages 
... The‘structuralstrategy’andeastern–western
differences 
. Conclusion 
 Conclusionandwiderrelevance 
. Theriseandresolutionofthepresentperfectiveparadoxacross
languages 
.. Theconceptualproblemsunderlyingthepresentperfective
paradox 
.. Preemptiveblockingofthepresentperfectiveparadox:
Present-tenseconstructionswithanimperfectivevalue 
.. Theroleof(typesof)lexicalandgrammaticalaspect 
.. Present-timeeventreportsinspecific(perfective)contexts 
.. Solutionstothepresentperfectiveparadox 
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Contents ix
... Alternative‘non-present’readings:The‘prospective’,
‘retrospective’,and‘structuralstrategy’ 
... Type-shiftingconstructionsthatenablepresent-time
reference 
. Widerrelevanceandfutureresearch 
References 
Index 