THE POWER OF HOPE i ii THE POWER OF HOPE Thoughts on Peace and Human Rights in the Third Millennium D AISAKU IK EDA and A DOLFO P É REZ ES QUIVEL iii I.B. TAURIS Bloomsbury Publishing Plc 50 Bedford Square, London, WC1B 3DP, UK 1385 Broadway, New York, NY 10018, USA 29 Earlsfort Terrace, Dublin 2, Ireland BLOOMSBURY, I.B. TAURIS and the I.B. Tauris logo are trademarks of Bloomsbury Publishing Plc First published in Great Britain 2021 Copyright © Adolfo P é rez Esquivel and Soka Gakkai, 2021 Adolfo P é rez Esquivel and Daisaku Ikeda have asserted their right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, to be identifi ed as Author of this work. Cover design by ianrossdesigner.com Cover image (c) Seikyo Shimbun All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage or retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publishers. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc does not have any control over, or responsibility for, any third-party websites referred to or in this book. All internet addresses given in this book were correct at the time of going to press. The author and publisher regret any inconvenience caused if addresses have changed or sites have ceased to exist, but can accept no responsibility for any such changes. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN: HB: 978-0-7556-0639-9 PB: 978-0-7556-0640-5 ePDF: 978-0-7556-0641-2 eBook: 978-0-7556-0642-9 Typeset by Refi neCatch Limited, Bungay, Suffolk To fi nd out more about our authors and books visit www.bloomsbury.com and sign up for our newsletters . iv Contents Foreword by Daisak u Ikeda vi Foreword by Adolfo Pérez Esquivel x A Joint Appeal by Adolfo Pérez Esquivel and Daisaku Ikeda xiii 1 The Struggle for Human Rights—A Story of Glorious Triumph 1 2 A World United by the Power of the People 35 3 Transmitting the Legacy of Nonviolence 75 4 Women: The Driving Force of a Century of Life 99 5 Youth—The Key to Building a Culture of Peace 131 Notes 161 Index 171 v Foreword The heart is free and unfettered; it can reach out and commune with another, regardless of what geographic distance may separate the two. Viewed from Argentina, Japan literally lies on the opposite side of the Earth. Yet, though I may live in Japan, no country is closer to my heart than Argentina. This is because her sheer natural beauty, her dynamic culture, shine in my heart in all their glorious splendor. But most important of all, I feel this way because a kindred spirit of mine resides there. My fi rst encounter with Dr. Adolfo P é rez Esquivel and his beloved wife, Amanda, two dear friends for whom my admiration knows no bounds, took place in Tokyo on December 8, 1995. Genuine friendship never wanes with the passage of time; indeed, its candescence only grows stronger. That has been the case with my friendship with Dr. Esquivel. When the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami struck in March 2011, Dr. Esquivel was among the very fi rst to send a message to me, sharing his deeply felt solidarity: If there is anything we can do, please do not hesitate to let us know. I offer my heartfelt prayers that all of you will face your plight with hope and stout hearts. Dr. Esquivel pays no heed to borders that divide nations. Neither geographical distance, cultural barriers, nor ethnic differences can vi Foreword by Daisaku Ikeda · vii prevent him from reaching out to the suffering. He always sides with young people who are battling adversity. Whatever hardship they are facing—disasters, wars, violence, famine, inequality, oppression, poverty—he is there fi ghting alongside the ordinary citizens, taking that fi rst step in breaking through any impasse toward hope. With his conscience as his compass, he refuses to turn away from people in distress. Holding an abiding faith in the capacity of ordinary people to prevail over diffi culty, he stands at the forefront of their struggle, showing them the way to draw forth that capacity. This is a path that only the most intrepid and pertinacious dare walk. In the battle against iniquity, to speak out for the sake of a public in distress means to invite perilous reprisal. It was precisely because of Dr. Esquivel’s steadfast commitment to the cause of peace and justice that a tyrannical regime baselessly accused him of crimes and imprisoned him. And yet, though it nearly cost him his life, he would not bow to his oppressors, prevailing in the end and ultimately being awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, earning the acclaim of millions. His words are therefore ones uttered by an individual who has walked the harsh, unforgiving path of experience. They are eloquent truths that can only be spoken by a champion who has risked his own life. That is why I have shared them with others on every possible occasion. He is of the conviction that everyone should have someone to look to as a spiritual bulwark and role model in life. However, rather than citing some prominent historical personage, Dr. Esquivel points to his grandmother as the person whom he fi nds the most heroic, a woman of goodness whose name history will never chronicle. Many of my friends in Japan and around the world have been profoundly moved to hear this. So, may I proudly declare: There is no greater champion of the people than Dr. Esquivel himself. Dr. Esquivel and his wife are artists who relish engaging in creative endeavors. I consider my frank and broad discourses with him on the cultures of Latin America, Asia, and the world to be among the most enjoyable I have ever experienced. viii · Power of Hope Culture is the struggle of humanity against barbarity. This is why I hold that the communion of cultures is foundational to genuine peace. I am determined to strive ever harder to deepen understanding among all cultures and to facilitate exchange among them, taking the friendship between Argentina and Japan, which dates back more than a century, as a point from which to begin. I do so in an effort to establish even stronger bonds that can bring the hearts and minds of people everywhere closer together. Dr. Esquivel and I have both reached an age where we must convey our efforts to advance peace, our struggles for human rights and to build solidarity among cultures—causes to which we have committed our entire lives—so that younger generations may carry our legacies forward. It is not in order that I myself may fl ower that I till the soil of self- actualization. Instead, I am resolved to lay down my life as the earth and foundation from which the young people who are to succeed me may fl ourish. Dr. Esquivel’s heart has been equally fi rm, striking out to this day to forge a path where none existed before. He has stated that he did so with the resolve to leave behind a testimony of his struggle and resistance against oppression and to set an example for those to follow. Every youth, wherever you may be, that is where you must make a stand and fulfi ll your purpose in life—for your own self-development, for the sake of others, and for justice and peace. This may at times demand something as valiant as to stake your very life; or it may demand the kind of unrelenting effort that uses up every ounce of your energy. Still, I believe young people, when introduced to Dr. Esquivel’s life of struggle and triumph, will draw boundless encouragement from the existence of a man who continues to lead so many others by fearlessly dedicating his entire being to his struggle. I am confi dent that the reader will be able to fi nd unlimited courage and hope in the words of conviction that he shares in this work. In the Lotus Sutra, which many hold to be the heart of the Mahayana teachings of Buddhism, the bodhisattvas entrusted to guide people to Foreword by Daisaku Ikeda · ix enlightenment are described as emerging from the earth in procession, dancing with joy. It is my undying hope that the youth who follow in the footsteps of the always spirited Dr. Esquivel will rise joyously from the Mother Earth of South America, the Mother Earth of the world. May they all stand someday like the Andes, a mighty procession of capable individuals who tower majestically as a bulwark of peace. In closing, I offer my heartfelt prayers for the continued good health of Dr. Esquivel and Mrs. Amanda Esquivel, and that the esteemed Argentine Republic will shine evermore in peerless glory. Daisaku Ikeda