The Power of Denial: Buddhism, Purity, and Gender PDF
Preview The Power of Denial: Buddhism, Purity, and Gender
THE POWER OF DENIAL BUDDHISMS: A PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS SERIES EDITED BY STEPHEN F. TEISER Alistoftitlesinthisseriesappearsatthebackofthebook THE POWER OF DENIAL BUDDHISM, PURITY, AND GENDER BERNARD FAURE PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS PRINCETON AND OXFORD Copyright©2003byPrincetonUniversityPress PublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet, Princeton,NewJersey08540 IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress, 3MarketPlace,Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201SY AllRightsReserved. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Faure,Bernard. Thepowerofdenial:Buddhism,purity, andgender/BernardFaure. p. cm. —(Buddhisms) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindexes. ISBN0-691-09170-6(alk.paper)—ISBN0-691-09171-4(pbk.:alk.paper) 1. Women—Religiousaspects—Buddhism.2. Sex—Religiousaspects—Buddhism. 3. Buddhism—Doctrines.I. Title.II. Series. BQ4570.W6 F38 2003 294.3′082—dc21 2002066257 ThisbookhasbeencomposedinSabon Printedonacid-freepaper.∞ www.pupress.princeton.edu PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Ade`le, Gae¨lle, and Ana¨ıs This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xi Introduction “SoaringandSettling”—TooSoon? 2 TheCulturalApproach 6 GenderRevisited 8 GenderingBuddhism 15 PARTONE:BUDDHISMANDWOMEN 21 CHAPTERONE TheSecondOrder 23 TheEvolutionoftheFemaleSan˙gha 24 TheFemaleOrderinJapan 28 TheIssueofOrdination 36 SociologicalContext(s) 38 SorelyMissed 47 NunhoodandFeminism 51 CHAPTERTWO TheRhetoricofSubordination 55 ATheodicyofDisprivilege 57 TheFiveObstaclesandtheThreeDependences 62 ACaseofBloodPoisoning 66 DrinkingfromtheBloodBowl 73 The“Facts”ofLife 79 TheRedandtheWhite 81 CHAPTERTHREE TheRhetoricofSalvation 91 TheLegendoftheNa¯ga-Girl 91 BecomingMale 99 InterpretativeDivergences 103 Amida’sVowandItsImplications 106 AFeminineTopos 116 CHAPTERFOUR TheRhetoricofEquality 119 GenderEqualityinMaha¯ya¯na 120 viii CONTENTS GenderEqualityinVajraya¯na 122 Chan/ZenEgalitarianism 127 PARTTWO:IMAGININGBUDDHISTWOMEN 143 CHAPTERFIVE Monks,Mothers,andMotherhood 145 BadMothers 146 TheAmbivalentMother 148 MaterDolorosa 148 TheForsakenMother 152 TheChangingImageofMotherhood 160 VarietiesofMotherlyExperience 163 MadMothers 167 TheLawofAlliance 168 CHAPTERSIX ConflictingImages 181 WomenintheLifeoftheBuddha 182 Queens,Empresses,andOtherImpressiveLadies 188 EminentNuns 198 FemmesFatales 204 OfWomenandJewels 205 PARTTHREE:WOMENAGAINSTBUDDHISM 217 CHAPTERSEVEN CrossingtheLine 219 TheUtopianTopos 222 StoppedinTheirTracks 224 Ku¯kai’sMother 228 TheKekkaiStone 233 ConflictingInterpretations 235 TheSymbolicReadingofTransgression 238 TheKekkaiandtheLogicofMuen 243 CHAPTEREIGHT WomenontheMove 250 The“NunsofKumano” 250 What’sinaName 254 DownbytheRiver 261 TheMonkandtheBayade`re 262 TheDiscourteousCourtesan 267 Paradigms 269 CONTENTS ix CHAPTERNINE ThePowerofWomen 287 TheMythofTamayorihime 290 TheMikoandtheMonk 304 WomenontheEdge 310 Women,Dragons,andSnakes 316 AFTERTHOUGHTS 325 NOTES 341 BIBLIOGRAPHY 401 INDEX 459
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