The Population Growth of Riyadh City in Saudi Arabia

448 Pages·2014·17.21 MB·English

Table of Contents
Abstract
Acknowledgements
Copyright and Declaration v
Table of Contents vi
List of Tables )di
List of Figures xviii
Chapter One Introduction 1
1.1 Statement of the problem 3
1.2 Demographic setting 5
1.3 Significance of the problem 13
1.4 Source of data. 15
1.5 Organization of the thesis. 16
1.6 Survey methods 17
1.6.1 Study Area. 18
1.6.2 Pilot survey. 18
1.6.3 Fieldwork 20
1.6.4 Sample Frame 20
1.6.5 Sampling procedure. 21
1.6.6 Training the data collectors. 25
1.6.7 Data-analysis and coding 29
PART I THE GROWTH OF RIYADH CITY
IN SAUDI ARABIA 30
Chapter Two The Changing Population Distribution
of Saudi Arabia 31
2.1 General Background 32
2.2 Demographic Data 39
2.3 Influences on Population Distribution 44
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2.4 Pre-Census Population Distribution 49
2.5 The 1962-63 Population Census 52
2.6 The 1974 Population Census 62
2.7 Post-Census Population Distribution 69
2.8 Summary 72
Chapter Three The Development of Riyadh City 76
3.1 Location 77
3.2 Historical Evolution of Riyadh City. 77
3.3 Centrality of Riyadh City. 89
3.3.1 Road Network 92
3.3.2 Railway 97
3.3.3 Air Transport 99
3.4 Land use pattern 101
3.5 Summary 109
Chapter Four Present Housing Patterns in Riyadh 112
4.1 Type of Housing 112
4.2 Building Materials 118
4.3 Age of housing units 122
4.4 Housing Ownership 124
4.5 Housing Services 127
4.6 Area of Housing Units 131
4.7 Occupancy 133
4.8 Household Structure 136
4.9 Summary 138
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PART 11 THE COMPONENTS AND SIZE
OF POPULATION GROWTH
141
Chapter Five High and Stable Fertility
142
5.1 Crude Birth and Fertility Rates in Saudi Arabia 143
5.2 Fertility Levels in Riyadh City 148
5.3 Family Planning 162
5.4 Summary 164
Chapter Six Declining Mortality
166
6.1 Crude death rate in Saudi Arabia 168
6.2 Infant Mortality rate in Saudi Arabia 171
6.3 Mortality levels in Riyadh City 172
6.4 Infant Mortality rate in Riyadh City; levels and changes 173
6.5 Age and sex mortality rate in Riyadh City 173
6.6 Socio-economic characteristics of deceased persons in the 1988
sample survey 176
6.7 Causes of death in Riyadh City 177
6.8 Natural Increase 178
6.9 Summary 178
Chapter Seven Migration To Riyadh
And Its Growth Of Population 181
7.1 A Brief History of Migration in Saudi Arabia 182
7.2 Trends in Migration 184
7.3 Distribution of immigrant population 189
7.4 Migration to Riyadh City 198
7.5 Size of Migration to Riyadh City 199
7.6 Origin of Migrants 200
7.7 The Growth of Riyadh City's Population 204
7.8 Summary 217
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PART DI POPULATION COMPOSITION 225
Chapter Eight Age And Sex Structure 226
8.1 Age Structure 228
8.1.1 Age-structure in 1962 - 1963 228
8.1.2 Age-Structure in Selected Cities and Towns, 1962 - 1963 230
8.1.3 Age Structure 1974 233
8.1.4 Age Structure in Riyadh City 236
8.1.5 District Variations in Age Structures 246
8.2 Sex Structure 249
8.2.1 Regional Variations in Sex Structure 249
8.2.2 Principality Variations in Sex Structure by Age Group of the
Total Population (Saudi and Non-Saudi) 253
8.2.3 Principality Variations in Sex Structure by Age Groups for the
Saudi Population 255
8.2.4 Sex Structure in Riyadh City 258
8.2.5 District Variations in Sex Structure 261
8.3 Dependency Ratio 262
8.4 Summary and Conclusion 265
Chapter Nine Marriage in Saudi And Riyadh Society . . . 269
9.1 Marital status of the Saudi and non-Saudi Population
in the 1974 Census 272
9.2 Age-Sex Differential in Marital Status 274
9.3 Marital Status of the Total Population (Saudi and non-Saudi)
by Principality and Sex 281
9.4 Marital Status in Riyadh City 285
9.5 Mean Age at First Marriage 296
9.6 Forms of Marriage 297
9.7 Summary 304
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Chapter Ten Education in the Growth of Riyadh 307
10.1 Illiteracy 311
10.2 Level of Education for the Population aged 10 years and over 318
10.3 School Enrolment 322
10.4 Higher Education 326
10.5 Educational Characteristics in Riyadh City 328
10.6 Literacy in Riyadh City 328
10.7 Educational Level in Riyadh City 334
10.8 School Enrolment in Riyadh City 338
10.9 Conclusion 341
Chapter Eleven The Economically Active Population
in Saudi Arabia and Riyadh City 344
11.1 The Economically Active Population in Saudi Arabia 346
11.2 Labour Force Participation Rates 349
11.3 Levels of Education and Occupation 351
11.4 Employment by Economic Activity 354
11.5 Distribution of Working Population by Sex, Nationality
and Economic Activity in Saudi Arabia, 1974 361
11.6 Occupational Status 364
11.7 The Economically Active Population in Riyadh City 369
11.8 Occupational Status in Riyadh City 378
11.9 Employment Status 381
11.10 Summary 384
Chapter Twelve Conclusion 387
12.1 The growth of Riyadh City in Saudi Arabia 388
12.2 The components and size of population growth 392
12.3 Population composition 395
12.4 The near future 397
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B, C
Appendices A,
Bibliography
)d
List of Tables
1.1 Proportion of sample households interviewed to
total number of residential units by district 23
2.1 Population estimates of Saudi Arabia by region, after Hamza 1933 49
2.2 Saudi Arabian population by size and nature of place
of residence, 1962/63 53
2.3 Saudi Arabian Population by Provinces, 1962-63 Census 55
2.4 Estimated Urban and Rural Population of Saudi Arabia
1962-3 and 1969-70 60
2.5 Population Estimates 1960-86 (Population in thousands) 63
2.6 Saudi Arabia: population distribution and density
by provinces, 1974 Census 65
2.7 Estimated percentage regional distribution of Saudi Population
1974, 1984, 1985 71
3.1 Air passengers on Domestic Flights to and from Riyadh City
in 1987 100
3.2 Land use in Riyadh City in 1972 and 1980 (in hectares) 107
4.1 Pattern of dwelling types by districts (1988 sample survey) 114
4.2 Housing conditions in Riyadh City in 1968 and 1974 118
4.3 Type of Building Materials, Riyadh 1963 - 1988 119
4.4 Types of Building Material by District in Riyadh City
1988 Sample Survey 120
4.5 Age of housing units by district in the Riyadh City
1988 Sample Survey 122
4.6 Percentage distribution of housing ownership by district,
Riyadh, 1988 (Sample Survey) 125
4.7 Housing ownership, Riyadh, in 1968, 1974, 1977 and 1988 125
4.8 Distribution of housing units by type of facility in Riyadh City
1988 Sample Survey 128
4.9 Distribution of types of equipment in housing units by district
in Riyadh City 1988 Sample Survey 129
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4.10 Average house area and plot area in housing units by district
in Riyadh City: 1988 Sample Survey 132
4.11 Average number of rooms, bedrooms and density per dwelling
in Riyadh City by district: 1988 Sample Survey 133
4.12 Number of rooms in Riyadh City by district: 1988 Sample Survey . 135
4.13 Average size of household and average size of family
in Riyadh City by district: 1988 Sample Survey 136
4.14 Average size of household in Riyadh City in selected studies 137
5.1 Estimated Crude Birth Rate in Saudi Arabia for Selected Years . . 144
5.2 Age-specific fertility rates in Saudi Arabia 147
5.3 Age Specific Fertility Rate in Riyadh City: 1988 Sample Survey . . 150
5.4 Average Number of Children ever-Born per ever-Married Woman
by Age in Riyadh City's Districts 154
5.5 Average Number of Children ever-Born per ever-Married Woman
by Age at Marriage in Riyadh City by District 157
5.6 Average Number of Children ever-Born per ever-Married Woman
by Duration of Marriage in Riyadh City by District 159
5.7 Average Number of Children ever-Born per ever-Married Woman
by Educational Level in Riyadh City by District 161
6.1 Estimated crude death rates in Saudi Arabia for selected years . . . 169
6.2 Age and sex specific mortality rate in Riyadh City,
1988 (per thousand) 176
7.1 Non-Saudi Employees in Saudi Arabia in 1975 by Nationality 186
7.2 Immigrant Population by Year of Arrival and Departure 1959-88
(According to Passport Department Statistics) 188
7.3 The distribution of immigrant population, 1974 191
7.4 Distribution of Internal and External Migration
according to the Causes of Movement in 1973 193
7.5 Distribution of Internal and External Migration by Age Group
in 1973 194
7.6 Distribution of National and Non-National Migrants
in the Main Cities in 1973 196
7.7 Oil Revenues of Selected Countries 198
7.8 The Origin of Migrants to Riyadh City, 1968 200
7.9 Growth of the Population of Riyadh City: 1900 - 1988 206
7.10 Projection of Saudi Population in Riyadh City to 1990,
with both High and Low Forecasts (in thousands) 212
7.11 Projection of Total Foreign Population in Riyadh City
1977 - 1990 (in thousands) 214
7.12 Total Population Projection for Riyadh City
1977 - 1990 (in thousands) 215
7.13 Population Projection for Riyadh City, 2008 217
8.1 Percentage Age Groups in Saudi Arabia in 1962 - 1963,
Jordan in 1961 and France in 1963 229
8.2 Percentage of Age Groups and Sexes in Some Cities
in Saudi Arabia 1962-1963 232
8.3 Saudi and Non-Saudi Population by Age and Sex 1974 Census 235
8.4 Percentage of Riyadh City Population by Age and Sex
in 1968, 1974 and 1977 239
8.5 Age-Sex Composition of the 1988 Sample Survey
of Riyadh City Population 240
8.6 Age-sex Structure of the Mean Groups of the Population
of Riyadh City in 1968, 1974, 1977 and 1988 245
8.7 Percentages of Population by Age and Sex for Districts
of Riyadh City in the 1988 Sample Survey 247
8.8 Sex Structure in the Principalities of Saudi Arabia in 1974 251
8.9 Sex Ratios for the Age Groups of the Total Population
by Principalities in Saudi Arabia in 1974 Census 255
8.10 Sex Ratios of Saudi Population for Age Groups by Principalities in
the 1974 Census 256
8.11 Age-Specific Sex Ratio of the Total Population of Riyadh City
for 1968, 1974, 1977 and 1988 260
8.12 Age-Specific Sex Ratios of the Total Population and by District
of Riyadh City in the 1988 Sample Survey 262
8.13 Crude Dependency Ratio for the Saudi Population
in the 1974 Census and in 1986 and the Sample Population
of Riyadh City, 1988, by Districts 263
)dv
9.1 Percentage Population 12 years and over, by sex and marital status
for Saudi and non-Saudi in the 1974 census 273
9.2 Percentage distribution of the Marital Status of the Population
aged 12 years and over by age and sex in the 1974 census 276
9.3 Percentage of population aged 12 years and over by sex,
marital status and principality in the 1974 census 283
9.4 Total population of Riyadh City aged 15 years and over by sex
and marital status in 1968, 1974 and 1977 287
9.5 Population aged 15 years and over by sex and marital status
in the 1988 sample survey in Riyadh City 290
9.6 Marital status of population aged 15 years and over by sex
and age group from the sample survey in Riyadh City 1988 293
9.7 Percentage of married Muslim men polygamous by country and year 299
9.8 Number of wives per married male in Riyadh City
in the 1988 sample survey 301
9.9 Percentage distribution of polygamously married Muslim men
by number of wives and year in Arab countries 302
9.10 Number of marriages by sex in Riyadh City
in the 1988 sample survey 303
9.11 Percentage of multiple marriages by sex for Riyadh City,
Cairo and Damascus 304
10.1 Percentage of illiteracy of the Saudi population
aged 10 years and over by sex 314
10.2 Percentage of illiteracy of the population of Saudi Arabia aged 10
years and over by principality in the 1974 census 315
10.3 Number of centres, classrooms and students in adult education
between 1982-83 and 1987 318
10.4 Percentage educational level of the total population by sex,
aged 10 years and over, in Saudi Arabia, 1974 319
10.5 Percentage educational level of the total population by principality,
aged 10 years and over, in Saudi Arabia, 1974 321
10.6 Male enrolment by level of education and rate of growth
in Saudi Arabia during 1960-1988 323
10.7 Female enrolment by level of education and rate of growth
in Saudi Arabia during 1960-1988 324
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