The politics of commercial treaties in the eighteenth century : balance of power, balance of trade PDF
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The Politics of Commercial Treaties in the Eighteenth Century AntonellaAlimento(cid:129)KoenStapelbroek Editors The Politics of Commercial Treaties in the Eighteenth Century Balance of Power, Balance of Trade Editors AntonellaAlimento KoenStapelbroek DipartimentodiCiviltàeForme DepartmentofPhilosophy,History, delSapere CultureandArtStudies UniversitàdiPisa UniversityofHelsinki Pisa,Italy Helsinki,Finland DepartmentofPublicAdministration ErasmusUniversityRotterdam Rotterdam,TheNetherlands ISBN978-3-319-53573-9 ISBN978-3-319-53574-6(eBook) DOI10.1007/978-3-319-53574-6 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017947911 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s)2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsof translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthis publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesare exemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformation in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publishernortheauthorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespectto thematerialcontainedhereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.The publisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitu- tionalaffiliations. Coverillustration:Anonymous,L’inégalitéjuste,Paris,1801,Privatecollection. Printedonacid-freepaper ThisPalgraveMacmillanimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland A CKNOWLEDGEMENTS This collaborative volume brings together international specialists on the history of economic ideas,institutions and political thoughtwith the aim toanalysecommercialtreatiesinaninnovativemanner.Itisbasedontwo thematicallyfocusedinternationalcolloquiaheldattheUniversityofPisa, 26–27 November 2014, under the title Treaties of Commerce. Balance of Power, Balance of Trade and the European Order of States and at the Institute of Intellectual History at the University of St Andrews, 23–24 January 2015, entitled Balance of Power, Balance of Trade. The Politics of CommerceintheEighteenthCentury.Selectedpapersfromthesemeetings havebeenthoroughlyrevisedandcomplementedbyadditionallycommis- sioned chapters. The editors want to thank Richard Whatmore, Carl Wennerlind, Biagio Salvemini, Guillaume Calafat and Frederik Dhondt for their papers and presentations, as well as the colleagues and students whose participation in these meetings enriched our discussions. The research and meetings for this project were funded by the Italian Government under the PRIN 2010–2011 (Progetto di rilevanza nazio- nale) Libertà dei moderni. Processi di civilizzazione nel lungo illuminismo (1750–1850): commercio, politica, cultura, colonie, coordinated by Girolamo Imbruglia (prot. 20108KZTPX_004) and the Academy of Finland Research Fellowship Project, Historical Instruments of European Integration: The Commercial Configuration of the ‘Balance of Power’ of Koen Stapelbroek. The second meeting was supported by the Institute ofIntellectualHistory,StAndrewsandtheUniversityofChicagoCenter in Paris. v C ONTENTS Trade andTreaties:Balancing the InterstateSystem 1 Antonella AlimentoandKoenStapelbroek Égalité,réciprocité, souveraineté: TheRole ofCommercial Treatiesin Colbert’s EconomicPolicy 77 MoritzIsenmann The Anglo-PortugueseMethuenTreaty of 1703:Opportunities andConstraints of EconomicDevelopment 105 José Luís Cardoso The Anglo-FrenchTreatyof Utrecht of1713 Revisited: The Politicsof Rivalry andAlliance 125 DoohwanAhn The Treatyof Asiento betweenSpain andGreat Britain 151 VirginiaLéon SanzandNiccolòGuasti Negotiating the Balanceof Power:Russian–Spanish CommercialRelationsin the EarlyEighteenth Century 173 Olga Volosyuk vii viii CONTENTS Reinventing the DutchRepublic:Franco-Dutch Commercial TreatiesfromRyswick toVienna 195 KoenStapelbroek The Conditionsof Trade inWartime: Treaties ofCommerce andMaritime Lawinthe Eighteenth Century 217 ÉricSchnakenbourg FromPrivilegetoEquality:CommercialTreatiesandtheFrench Solutions toInternational Competition (1736–1770) 243 Antonella Alimento SecuringAsian Trade:TreatyNegotiations betweenthe French andEnglishEast India Companies, 1753–1755 267 John Shovlin The Riseof a TradingNation:Prussia andthe Convention préliminairede commercewith France(1753) 295 Marco Cavarzere War,Neutrality andCommercialTreaties: The SavoyardState1660–1789 321 Christopher Storrs Negotiating a TradeTreatyin the Imperial Context: The HabsburgMonarchy in the Eighteenth Century 349 Christine Lebeau French Representationsof the 1786Franco-British CommercialTreaty 371 Pascal Dupuy Haiti’s CommercialTreaties:BetweenAbolition andthe Persistence ofthe Old Regime 401 Paul Cheney CONTENTS ix WhatTrade for aRepublicanPeople? FrenchRevolutionary Debatesabout CommercialTreaties (1792–1799) 421 Marc Belissa Index 439 L F IST OF IGURES Fig.1 Anonymous,LaQuadrupleAlliance,Paris,1801,Private collection 388 Fig.2 Anonymous,ConseildeGeorgeIIIetdésolationdeM.Pitt,Paris, 1801,Privatecollection 389 Fig.3 Anonymous,Georgesedépitteetsigneenfinlapaixgénérale, Paris,1802,Privatecollection 390 Fig.4 Anonymous,L’inégalitéjuste,Paris,1801,Privatecollection 391 Fig.5 Anonymous,Situationdel’Angleterreaucommencementdu19e siècle,Paris,1801?,Privatecollection 393 Fig.6 Anonymous,LerêvedeGeorge,Paris,1803,Privatecollection 394 Fig.7 Anonymous,LeréveildeGeorge,Paris,1803,Privatecollection 395 Fig.8 Anonymous,LaBrouille,Paris,1803?,Privatecollection 396 xi Trade and Treaties: Balancing the Interstate System Antonella Alimento and Koen Stapelbroek In 1787, a commentator on the Anglo-French Eden–Rayneval commer- cial treaty that was signed the previous year commented that ‘a good treaty of commerce’ was ‘a masterpiece of skill’ and the pinnacle of adequate diplomacy in the service of humankind. Whereas Jean-Jacques Rousseau had sarcastically criticized the development of commercial sociability into the foundation of modern politics as the ‘masterpiece of our time’ and highlighted the range of unresolved social-economic and political problems, this author insisted that commercial treaties were the prime instrument for ironing out whatever stood in the way of peace, domestic tranquillity and general economic development. Engaging with rival political and economic visions, the 1787 pamphlet reconstructed the accelerated creation of wealth through global trade A.Alimento(*) UniversityofPisa,Italy e-mail:[email protected] K.Stapelbroek UniversityofHelsinki,Finland ErasmusUniversityRotterdam,TheNetherlands e-mail:koen.stapelbroek@helsinki.fi ©TheAuthor(s)2017 1 A.Alimento,K.Stapelbroek(eds.),ThePoliticsofCommercialTreaties intheEighteenthCentury,DOI10.1007/978-3-319-53574-6_1
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