The Political Economy of Land Acquisition in India: How a Village Stops Being One PDF
Preview The Political Economy of Land Acquisition in India: How a Village Stops Being One
The Political Economy of Land Acquisition in India How a Village Stops Being One DHANMANJIRI SATHE The Political Economy of Land Acquisition in India Dhanmanjiri Sathe The Political Economy of Land Acquisition in India How a Village Stops Being One Dhanmanjiri Sathe Department of Economics Savitribai Phule Pune University Pune, Maharashtra, India ISBN 978-981-10-5325-2 ISBN 978-981-10-5326-9 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-5326-9 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017950400 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover image: © yogesh_more/gettyimages Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore To Makarand A cknowledgements Many organizations and people have helped me in writing this book. Most of this work was funded by the Centre for Social Sciences and Humanities (CSSH), Savitribai Phule Pune University (SPPU). I would like to thank the Director, CSSH, Prof. Raja Dixit for always supporting this research project. At no stage did I face any problems with respect to funding of this project and that means a lot to me. A part of the work was done under the Fulbright-Nehru Senior Research Fellowship, 2012–2013. I was associated with the Graduate Centre, CUNY, New York. I would like to thank Prof. Frances Piven and Prof. Uday Mehta for making my stay in New York enjoyable. I would also like to thank Esther with whom I stayed for a certain period. Then, I would like to begin with thanking the residents of Maan vil- lage. I visited Maan village around 40 times and every time I found that I had something new to learn. Coming from a family which has had an urban bias for more than two centuries (and in that sense been ‘land- less’); the intensive exposure to the rural world, a way of life—albeit fast changing- was extremely revealing. My earlier confusion slowly led to more and more clarity. Also, hats off to the rural women who show such a great amount of dignity and fortitude. The officials of Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation were extremely forthcoming not only with information, but also with their field experiences. Discussions with them were very useful in under- standing the process of land acquisition from the perspective of the acquirer. vii viii ACkNOwLEDGEMENTS The entire field work of surveying 805 families in Maan village was done by Rukhmini Shinde, Parmeshwar Shinde, Ramgopal Attela and Bhagwati Harihar. I would like to thank them for painstakingly doing the survey in the rainy season. They also came up with many qualitative observations and insights which were very valuable. So many years of headship at the Dept. of Economics at the SPPU, would have been unbearable without Ms. Prabha kamble. She has always been very efficient and I thank her for protecting me from the world and humanity at large. In the initial stages of this work, Vivek Gupta provided very valua- ble research assistance. Then Atul kotagal, joined me and worked as a research assistant for most of the time. As the work was ending, Pranav Patil started to work on this manuscript. I would like to thank all of them for providing with able and enthusiastic assistance. All of them have been extremely involved in this work and I wish them luck in all their future endeavors. Florian wenke read through all the chapters and made some very use- ful suggestions. The book is much better due to him, though he cannot be held responsible for any mistakes. Sudha Pai, Professor, Dept. of Political Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, N. Delhi gave many insightful comments and suggestions in a workshop that was held on 6 February 2015. Sunil Agarwal also gave many important ideas and I thank him for that. I discussed many issues with Atul Sapre when the book was in early stages. Then I handed over a really underwritten and impossible first draft to him. I thank him for pointing that out to me. That really put me on the right path and I thank him for doing it. Anjali Radkar, has been a true friend, always. More specifically, when I was thinking of doing a sample survey of the Maan village, she sug- gested that why not engage in a survey of the entire village? This was an extremely compelling suggestion and the book is that much better because of it. Prof. R.S. Deshpande has helped many budding researchers and I feel very happy to say that I was one amongst them. His willingness to invest in future generations and consequently future of the system is really very comforting; and is in sharp contrast to the selectively cynical attitudes seen, so often, towards the young generation. when a book comes out, it is a time for being happy. But it is not pos- sible to forget the torturous path that one has had to tread and how can ACkNOwLEDGEMENTS ix one forget all the people who kept you unemployed? This underbelly of academe needs to be remembered at such times. I was one of the lucky ones to get an escape route. But what about so many others who have had to give up exciting careers? So, I am extremely thankful to Savitribai Phule Pune University for giving me employment when I thought that my academic career had all but come to an end. Mukta, my daughter, was a law student when this book was being written. She shared her knowledge about the legal aspects of land acqui- sition with me and the book is that much better for it. Also, I just feel happy in her presence and I thank her for being what she is. My husband Makarand, I thank him for his great sense of humour and having that edgy, persistent irritation with the existing norms of the world—both of which create perfect environment for doing academic work. I will never be able to thank him enough for always supporting me when I was down and out. Finally, my heartfelt thanks to editorial team of Palgrave headed by Ms. Sagarika Ghosh c ontents 1 Introduction 1 2 Eminent Domain, Right to Property and the LARR 2013 13 3 A Historical Detour and Background to Maan 31 4 The Loss of Land and Compensation Issues 51 5 Growth in Maan 75 6 The Development in Maan 93 7 Land Acquisition and the Dalits 121 8 Other Significant Changes in Maan 139 9 A Review of Some Other Acquisitions In India and Policy Implications 159 10 Need for a Shift in Discourse 187 xi l g ist of rAphs Graph 3.1 Percentage availability of assets for the 778 families 47 Graph 6.1 Total Revenue and Total Expenditure for Maan gram panchayat from 1993–1994 to 2013–2014 94 Graph 6.2 Social Justice Expenditure from 1993–1994 to 2013–2014 102 xiii
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