The Political Economy of Higher Education Finance: The Politics of Tuition Fees and Subsidies in OECD Countries,1945–2015

332 Pages·2016·4.843 MB·English

by  Julian L. Garritzmann (auth.)

THE
O F H I G H E R
E D U C AT I O N
F I N A N C E
THE POLITICS OF TUITION FEES AND SUBSIDIES
IN OECD COUNTRIES, 1945-2015
JULIAN L. GARRITZMANN
The Political Economy of Higher
Education Finance

Julian   L .   Garritzmann
The Political
Economy of Higher
Education Finance
The Politics of Tuition Fees and Subsidies in
OECD Countries, 1945–2015
Julian   L.   Garritzmann
University of Konstanz
Department of Politics & Public Administration
Konstanz , Germany
ISBN 978-3-319-29912-9 ISBN 978-3-319-29913-6 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-29913-6
Library of Congress Control Number: 2016948423
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To my parents, for all the love and support—and for all the opportunities.

A
CKNOWLEDGMENTS
Many people have helped me to start and fi nish this book. First and fore-
most, I am deeply indebted to Marius Busemeyer. Since we met at the Max
Planck Institute in Cologne, Marius has supported me in many respects:
he awakened my interest in education policy and the welfare state; he com-
mented on numerous versions of my papers; and he offered me convenient
research positions with long time horizons (very unusual nowadays) and
generous funding (even more unusual), meaning that throughout my
time as a graduate student I had the means to attend conferences and
workshops and was able to afford a research stay at Harvard University.
Moreover, Marius created a highly productive work environment at the
University of Konstanz; he kept my teaching load low and hardly ever
bothered me with organizational matters so that I could focus on my own
research. Maybe most importantly, Marius always pushed me further with
critical comments and tough deadlines, but also left me a lot of academic
freedom and accepted that I often had to fi nd my own way, sometimes
disregarding good advice (of course, often regretting this later). In short,
Marius was the ideal supervisor and, moreover, has become a good friend.
Christian Breunig has been the perfect second supervisor: always avail-
able when I needed advice, but never trying to push me in a direction in
which I didn’t want to head; always very clear in his critique and concen-
trating on the big, critical questions. Christian not only provided substan-
tive advice but also pushed me to bring this book into a (hopefully) more
easily accessible and shorter format, dropping many of the potentially
interesting, but largely unnecessary, meanderings of the book.
vii
viii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am also enormously thankful to Torben Iversen. I met Torben during
two workshops in Bremen and Konstanz and was very impressed by his
analytical precision and style of thinking about politics. Right from the
start he took a lot of time to have discussions with me and never treated
me as the little graduate student that I was. I am very grateful that Torben
invited me to Harvard, where he paved my way, connecting me to other
exciting scholars. Moreover, Torben agreed to serve as a supervisor for my
dissertation and took the time to comment extensively on single papers
and on the fi nal manuscript. His view on my work—though I did not
always follow it—has helped me to sharpen my analytical focus and sim-
plify the argument as much as possible.
Finally, I thank Dirk Leuffen, who agreed—on short notice—to chair
my dissertation defense committee, and I am grateful that he not only
took the time to read through my lengthy dissertation but also to com-
ment on it from an “outside angle,” which helped me to focus more on
the main story.
Moreover, I wish to thank our entire team at the University of Konstanz:
Aurélien Abrassart, Yvonne Aymar, Margot Beier, Michael Dobbins,
Ulrich Glassmann, Susanne Haastert, Susanne Münn, Erik Neimanns,
Roula Nezi, Raphaela Schlicht-Schmälzle, and Janis Vossiek. I have always
enjoyed the critical but constructive discussions in our group. I am also
grateful for all of the support from our student assistants who saved me
a great deal of time by doing a lot of—sometimes annoying, but neces-
sary—work: Dana Behrens, Sophie Fendrich, Maximilian Gahntz, Caspar
Kolster, Tobias Tober, Léonie Trick, Marie Zeller, and, most of all, Lina
Seitzl, who has been a great support during almost my entire time at the
University of Konstanz. I also wish to thank Kilian Seng, Peter Selb, and
Susumu Shikano for their statistical advice.
During my time as a Visiting Fellow at Harvard, I experienced an enor-
mously inspiring, creative, and energizing environment. Besides Torben
Iversen, a number of colleagues commented on my work and stimulated
my thinking in various ways: Daniel Ziblatt, Dan Smith, and Gwyneth
McClendon let me participate in and present at the Research Workshop
in Comparative Politics, and had helpful comments. Moreover, I am very
thankful to Peter Hall and Kathy Thelen, who took time to discuss my
ideas with me. Furthermore, Jon Fiva, Jeff Frieden, Daniel Koss, John
Marshall, Arthur Spirling, and Carina Schmitt commented on several
papers. Finally, many thanks to Dominik Geering and Olaf van Vliet.
During our joint lunches almost every day I not only received a lot of
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix
feedback, but also made two great friends that I unfortunately see much
too seldom.
At the University of Cologne, where I graduated in 2011, I particularly
wish to thank André Kaiser, who got me interested in comparative poli-
tics in general and in parties and party competition in particular. During
my time as a student assistant at his chair, he fundamentally shaped my
perspective on political science and inspired me to think about the impor-
tance of time in this fi eld. I appreciate that I always fi nd the door open
(and often a free desk at which I can do some work) when I come “back
home.”
Moreover, many people have commented on parts of the book at vari-
ous stages: Sakari Ahola, Ben Ansell, Michael Braun, Margarita Gelepithis,
Silja Häusermann, Anne-Marie Jeannet, Carsten Jensen, Jens Jungblut,
Olli Kangas, Peter Maassen, Paul Marx, Traute Meyer, Stefan Thewissen,
Pieter Vanhuysse, Wim van Oorschot, Peter Selb, Daniel Stegmüller,
Christine Trampusch, Martina Vukasovic, and Claus Wendt. Colleagues
have also commented on the paper at various occasions such as at the
CES Conferences in Amsterdam and Paris; the APSA Annual Meeting in
Washington; the MPSA Conference in Chicago; the ESPAnet Meetings
in Mannheim, Odense, and Oslo; Harvard’s various research workshops;
the ECPR General Conference in Montréal; the HEIK seminar at the
University of Oslo; the Cologne Center for Comparative Politics; and
various occasions at the University of Konstanz. Still, I’m pretty certain I
have forgotten to mention someone, so I’m certain I owe drinks to some
unmentioned but well-deserving friends, here’s a place where you can fi ll
in your name while patting yourself on the back: _____________________
(the next beer is on me!).
Furthermore, I appreciate the generous funding I have received from
several bodies, particularly from the German Research Foundation’s
Emmy Noether Programme, the University of Konstanz’s Graduate
School of Decision Sciences, and the German Excellence Initiative, which
helped fi nance my stay at Harvard University.
Finally, those who know me at least a little, know that I’m a big fan of
Aristotle and Hannah Arendt. And those who know Aristotle or Hannah
Arendt a little, know about the importance of friendship to connect science
with life, philosophy with political science, and society with one’s personal
eudaimonía . Thus, a big shout out goes to all of my friends around the
world who have helped me n ot to think about my work. To name but a
few (and again I probably have to buy some drinks), Jan Sahm has always