The Pink Triangle: The Nazi War Against Homosexuals

262 Pages·04.55 MB·English

by  Richard Plant

C O N T E N T S
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ix
PROLOGUE 1
INTRODUCTION 13
CHAPTER 1 BefotrheSe t orm 21
CHAPTER 2 TheR oehAmf fair 53
CHAPTER 3 TheG ranIdn quisitor 71
CHAPTER 4 Persecution 105
CHAPTER 5 InC amp 151
CONCLUSION 182
EPILOGUE 188
APPENDIX1 :T EXT OF PARAGRAPH 175 206
APPENDIX2 :C HRONOLOGY 207
NOTES 223
SELECTEDB IBLIOGRAPHY 236
INDEX 251
Vll
ACKN OW LED G ME N T S
Ih atdh geo ofdro tutnore e ceeinvceo uermaegnftr omma ny
women maenndw hos awm et hroulgohny ge aorfsw ork
anwdo ryr.F oumre nh aveg onoeu otf t hewiaryt oh elmpe ;
Iw illt hleiimsnt t h oer dienrw hihc thehya veen temrye d
leia fndtih sb oo:k
NewR epublBioco kesd itMoarr Gcr anewthzo, mlee,t
sot os peaikn,tt ohh eo uasnegd a vmee t he vfiarlsditid r ec­
toins.
Mya ssstiaHnuthg,M urrawyh,on evteirr oefcd h ecking
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EuropaenadAnm erihcsiatno prryo viadnie ndv alpuearb­le
spteicvfeom ry p reocjatn ds purmreeo dn t oe xlporteh ose
murkiaeserpc tosfG ermahnio srttyh aIht a dfa eredde fied
tarnesrfi ntEon gslhi.
AndreRwu beenlfdw,h ose kind nhoektae rehtpi md id
froums isnegv erreapdle ncilssha raspnc di swshoernse ver
het ohuhgtI w asd eviinafgtr otmh mea irno aHde.a lso
prenvteetdh feoo tnoftreosom v ergroawnidcn hgo kithneg
texFti.n ahlelh ye,ls dt eyaw dheInd espaoifre evdeb re ing
ablteoa cocmmoadtteh aeb undaonfmc aeet railA.sa n ative­
bonr Amecrain,c ohneyv eeda nu norbutsiovpet imtihsamt
restrmayiC neenrdta Elu roppehainol pohsizainnedgx cessive
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ix
Acknowledgments
wasf acweidt ahne normtoaussik .,te o.r ,eya dlaa rcgoem,­
plemxa nursicfpotpr u lbicawtiitohansi hno tritm dei,s played
nootn layn everg-iflngagog owdiblula ts hcolakrn'osw ledge
ofG ermpaonil tiacnmsde tapiocwlshi itcsho mteimsetsu nned
meb,u wth icvhal sybt eneefidtt hbeo ok.
Among the awnodmm eenwn h o stboymo edI, w antto
menttihofeno lloIwsikAnalg t:Ae crh,i Bme sgZee,n oBso oker,
AloBirsa nPdest,Ce hra tAellb,ed reCt oc atrCihxa,rC lreese ­
ganR,i chDaerpdp eP,a gGeru bbR,i chHaarldGl e,rH te kma,
EriHcehn scWhienlf,r Hioehdm anJnu,s tIumesfl d, KMirrs­.
steMni chalskiS-iKmaoKlnao rwl,i Jnosnkayt,Kh aatnHz u,­
berKte nneMdry.s,F elKiexr stGearnyK, r awfoSrifdeir,ge d
KuhJno,Kn l ysRniiedri,Lg aeurt maBniLnlo,ln Dga,v Miadr ­
ansM,r sE.l istahMb eeetr-PlKaluatu,s MMirl.siP cehg,gy
RicahrdH,e inrSiicehbC ehla,r Sliemsm oJnasm,eS st eakley,
ThmoasS teePlaeu,Tl a nkerJsalmeeyTs,i ernSetye,p hen
WorleJyo,hY no uncy.
AndI w oulldi kteot hanRka nyd Schefionhr i esx pert
tyipnogf t hfien amla nuscript.
X
THE
PINK
TRIANGLE
P R O L O G U E
I flFerdna kfuarmtM ain Foenb ryu2 a7r1,9 3t3h,de a y the
Reichwsetnautgp i nfl ameIs .w farost unaMtye f.a ther,
hoewvearp ,h ysiacv ieaetnr,aa nS ,o icalainsdatJ ,e wh,a d
beeanr ressetevdew reaelke sa rlBieecra.au f seewo fh ipsa ­
tiesn,tt houngohm ailnlmye mbeorfts h e NPaazriti yne,tr ­
veniendh ibse h-atlhfiwsa sp ossdiubrlietn hgee a ryleya rs
oft hTeh iRredi ch-chaemh eo maef toenrlo yn meo ntohf
imprimseonntH.ei nseidIs l teaGveer maansyq uciklays
possibBlaes eSflwo,zire t arnlda,n de nroalttl h uen ivye rsit
theArfet.ee nrc notuermianngoy b stacIls eusc,c eiendo ebd­
tainaip nasgsp oarnto ,be jcttah th asdu ddeanclqyu ierneodr ­
mouvsa luIge a.t hearf eedwb elongianngdss o mleu ggage,
andr ushteotd h Fer aknfurrati lsrtoaatdti oto ankt eh eea r­
lietsrtat ioSn w irtlzaend.
Onlyye alraestr dIri eda lhiozwle u kcy hIa db eeAnl.­
tohuhgt haen tJie-wiasnhtd h aen til-agwabsye caomfifec ially
parotft hNea zoin sulgahotft erirno1 r9 34-t3ehc5 r,su ade
agaivnasrtim oiunso rhiatrdie easbl elgylu on nbge foBrreo.w n­
shtiergda ngs of trhiagmgmree-rh-aapnpdyh si,yn oa unt
outbroef"a psko ntanenoautsi"oo nutarla hgaevd,a ndalized
Jewissht oroerts rh ashtehdpe a rtonosft he tfiemwgi ady
barisnF ranukrBfty.J un1e9 3a3f ,e Sww insessw papheards
reprotewdi tnhe airnr cedyut lhiatHtil tert'hsr eianMt es in
Kamptfoe xpunhgieesn emiesn obthe aeden m pytp ostur­
ing-tJheawtsl ,i berSaolcsiD,ae lm orca,tC satholaincds ,
I
Prologue
labor leabdeeearnrs r ehsoatrmde u dr deedrt;ah ti,ns hort,
ar evolwutaisro onc kGienrgm atnoiy t asl resahdayfk uoyn ­
datnisTo.h eS winsesv aelrl eudtd o Ntahzei asn't i-gay cru­
saed-ipna rtb ecatuhsiems ov emebnetg ainnf uolnll iyn
Jun1e93 5b,u atl sboe caiunst eh1 e93 0nso -sreelsfpecting
publicwaotuildodane rt od iscsuuscashd eliscuaebtcjeTt o.
whalte tnhgt hNea zrie giwmaesp repatroce ardr tyh wea r
agai"nnosnt- Ayrannso" Swnieswsasp pecro uflrode sYeeet.
anotahgeeryn cconcernetdh pewu ibtlghio co dth,Se w iss
ForeMiignnri ysi tnB erndeie,dx hiabk inta fcokar n ticipating
Hilterm'osv es.
A feww eekasf tmeyra rriivnBa als Ieh la,dg onteot he
univeras siixttye,e nutrhfy-o cretonrvteesrsl otohkReih nign e,
tor egiassta e grr aadtuset udien,nh tio srtya ndl iterature.
Abousti mxo nthlsta etrh Feo erigMni nriyss ttrurcukl,i ng
thaftro eisgtnu dsec notunlodat tt encdl asisnSe wszi etarnld
unlessh atdbh eeeyin nt hceo unftroayrc ertlaeinngo tfh
timaen dh adb eegni vaep nr ovispieornmoaiflrt e sidence.
FortunatelIyh ,a rdbe egciasutsFeeer berdu Iaiw rnay ss, a fe.
Byt htei mIew asr eyaf drom yfi rsctl aastts h fero tsrse,
Ih adf uonda pleat cos taiynt heec cenhtoruisce hoofl d
GabriGeulnldee rmaav nenru,yn marrioellddda yt,i nayn d
viviaocuasf ,ro mer cuorlsaoo rpartaannodt e elphocnoem ­
paneym ploSyheieen. s eidIs c tahlel"r M isGsay b.I"t ried
tos etdtolwetn ot hleei o ffafi nainaclilnys eacluirseetn u dent.
Likoet hfeurg iGteirvmea snt udeImn ettsI, h adf ewf roe­
boidngosfw hat gwoaistn ogh appienGn e rmatnhyuo,g hI
harboarp erdo fowuonrd.r syIp esnotm nei gshtlse ewpiltehs s
anxiety.e vCeenirtntGs ae irnm agnrya dumaaldley the sit­
uaticolne aTrheeFr r.a unrktfZeeri tfuonergx ,a mpolnee, of
thbee ttleirb eGrearlm adna ilnioeotsn ,la yc quiarn eedw
edirtiosatlfa fb,u t tiotnbsee gtaonc hanmgaer keJdelwyi.s h
namedsi sappeared from ptahpene ormw sa esetmheeda d. The
2
Prloogue
tos peiankc odIenc. o ntrtahssetm ,al lolc lailb eratlh ed aily,
BaesrNl atniazoleitbuegnagtn,o p rint amnodmr oer e news
abotGu ermamnoys,ot fi ts hockTihnrgo.hu ogutth Nea zi
yeatrhspe a perre sitshtpeer de sspuurte i otn Gbeyr man
interaenscdto sm plSiwainostfs fi acltisoc hnagiet asn ti-Nazi
biaMse.a nhwilmey,f athkeerpw tr iting lgetuteartrsod ed
me.B uhte d indo t metnahttio onned ayt hSeS hada put
uniforgmueadri dnf rontt hdeoo fo orf eJveerwyip shhy ­
siciTahniI.sh eard laaebot onuneti gohntB asreald io.
Ih alde tff irenbdesh iinnFd r anukrFfte.r Sdtimr ,oa no ld
clases,m ahtsahda rmeydb riteefn uirnoe n eo ft hyeo uht
gruopsk nowans t hReo ve.Tr hsel eadoefsr u cah g roup
usuaelxlpye ctthemede mbearshs i,d si scitpobl eel so,yi afl
nodte votSeodoI.nd iosvcertehdaa tR ovelre adheardh is
faovritWehest.h tehri s wenta rbme-yhooenn--dtsd heoru lfa­
mialriyi tcIo uldt entloehltn I.n s uhc brhoethroodas f ew
adocleenshtasd l itatfalfier msi,ys tandr oamntsiecs sions
arouanb dlz ainfigr ien t hdea rokft hfero esOtt.h ebro ys,
mordeo wn-to-teaalrktehd, a obpoe"ungtlo yiw nigtf hr iends"
ande njoyiitTn.hg el eeardosf t hegsreo ups ttoed nidse­d
regatrhrdee latiobnlsohsispoasmr ionutgnh de m-untlheesys
partiacetidp-ujsats tphaeiysd c aanttt oennt toti hied eo­
logidceaabtlet ash tr egulearrulpywt heidwl ees aatn tda lked
aroutnhdce a mpfiIrl ee.f t thea v Raogvuererolsamy,n tic
assioactioofmn o sltym iddlaesP-src oltessa tnadCn attholic
teenagaenrdas s,i miZliaorn birshotet hroowdh ena,sa n
oldteere naIgf eeril,nll ovwei tthh cei nae.Fm roFme r'dsi
letterIls e arwnheadht a pepnetdo tyhouet ghor upAsf.t er
1933t hNea zfirosc idbilsys oallivlne dde peynoduetonhrt ­
ganizaetvieotnneh s C,a thoolniechs u,r laecdc usaotfi ons
"homoxsuaedle generaagcayi"tn hsetli erea rdsa,n de m­
barkeodn a camapigtnoe nfosrtcrei hcettlseyer xoubael­
havior.
3