The Pineapple: Botany, Production and Uses

312 Pages·2002·16.45 MB·English

by  D P Bartholomew

Pineapple Prelims 14/10/02 2:09 PM Page i
The Pineapple
Botany, Production and Uses
Pineapple Prelims 14/10/02 2:09 PM Page ii
Pineapple Prelims 14/10/02 2:09 PM Page iii
The Pineapple
Botany, Production and Uses
Edited by
D.P. Bartholomew
R.E. Paull
and
K.G. Rohrbach
University of Hawaii at Manoa
Honolulu
USA
CABIPublishing
Pineapple Prelims 14/10/02 2:09 PM Page iv
CABI Publishingis a division of CAB International
CABI Publishing CABI Publishing
CAB International 10 E 40th Street
Wallingford Suite 3203
Oxon OX10 8DE New York, NY10016
UK USA
Tel: [phone] Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone] Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected]
Web site: www.cabi-publishing.org
© CAB International 2003. All rights reserved. No part of this publication
may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronically, mechani-
cally, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permis-
sion of the copyright owners.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library,
London, UK.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
The pineapple : botany, production, and uses / edited by D.P.
Bartholomew, R.E. Paull, and K.G. Rohrbach.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references (p. ).
ISBN 0-85199-503-9
1. Pineapple. I. Bartholomew, D. P. (Duane Phillip), 1934- .
II. Paull, Robert E. III. Rohrbach, K. G. (Kenneth G.)
SB375.P47 2002
634(cid:2).774--dc21
2002005741
ISBN 0 85199 503 9
Typeset by Columns Design Ltd, Reading
Printed and bound in the UKby Biddles Ltd, Guildford and King’s Lynn
Pineapple Prelims 24/10/02 11:21 AM Page v
Contents
Contributors vii
Preface ix
1. History, Distribution and World Production 1
Kenneth G. Rohrbach, Freddy Leal and Geo Coppens d’Eeckenbrugge
2. Morphology, Anatomy and Taxonomy 13
Geo Coppens d’Eeckenbrugge and Freddy Leal
3. Breeding and Variety Improvement 33
Y.K. Chan, G. Coppens d’Eeckenbrugge and G.M. Sanewski
4. Biotechnology 57
M.K. Smith, H.-L. Ko, S.D. Hamill, G.M. Sanewski and M.W. Graham
5. Crop Environment, Plant Growth and Physiology 69
Eric Malézieux, Francois Côte and Duane P. Bartholomew
6. Cultural System 109
Anthony Hepton
7. Plant Nutrition 143
Eric Malézieux and Duane P. Bartholomew
8. Inflorescence and Fruit Development and Yield 167
Duane P. Bartholomew, Eric Malézieux, Garth M. Sanewski and Eric Sinclair
9. Pests, Diseases and Weeds 203
Kenneth G. Rohrbach and Marshall W. Johnson
10. Postharvest Physiology, Handling and Storage of Pineapple 253
Robert E. Paull and Ching-Cheng Chen
11. Processing 281
Anthony Hepton and Aurora Saulo Hodgson
Index 291
The colour plates can be found following page 166
v
Pineapple Prelims 14/10/02 2:09 PM Page vi
Pineapple Prelims 14/10/02 2:09 PM Page vii
Contributors
D.P. Bartholomew, Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Science, CTAHR, University of
Hawaii at Manoa, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
Y.K. Chan, MARDI, GPO Box 12301, Kuala Lumpur, 50774, Malaysia.
C.-C. Chen, Department of Horticulture, National Chung Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang
Road, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
G. Coppens d’Eeckenbrugge, CIRAD–FLHOR/IPGRI, AA6713, Cali, Colombia.
F. Côte, CIRAD, BP5035, 34032 Montpellier Cedex 01, France.
M.W. Graham, Queensland Agricultural Biotechnology Centre, Gehrmann Laboratories,
Level 4, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
S.D. Hamill, Maroochy Research Station, PO Box 5083, SCMC, Nambour, Qld 4560,
Australia.
A. Hepton (retired), Dole Food Company, 5795 Lindero Canyon Rd, Westlake Village, CA
91362, USA.
A.S. Hodgson, Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, CTAHR, University of Hawaii at Manoa,
3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
M.W. Johnson, Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, CTAHR, University of Hawaii
at Manoa, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
H.-L. Ko, Maroochy Research Station, PO Box 5083, SCMC, Nambour, Qld 4560, Australia.
F. Leal, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Facultad de Agronomía, Maracay, Aragua,
Venezuela, and IPGRI, AA6713, Cali, Colombia.
E. Malézieux, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le
Developpement (CIRAD), TA 179/01 Avenue Agropolis, 34398 Montpellier Cedex 5,
France.
R.E. Paull, Department of Tropical Plant and Soil Sciences, College of Tropical Agriculture
and Human Resources, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI
96822-2279, USA.
K.G. Rohrbach, Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, CTAHR, University of Hawaii
at Manoa, 3190 Maile Way, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
G.M. Sanewski, Queensland Horticulture Institute, PO Box 5083, SCMC, Nambour, Qld
4560, Australia.
E. Sinclair, Golden Circle Ltd, PO Box 150, Nundah, Qld 4012, Australia.
M.K. Smith, Maroochy Research Station, PO Box 5083, SCMC, Nambour, Qld 4560, Australia.
vii
Pineapple Prelims 14/10/02 2:09 PM Page viii
Pineapple Prelims 14/10/02 2:09 PM Page ix
Preface
Pineapple is the third most important tropical fruit in world production after banana and cit-
rus. Seventy per cent of the pineapple produced in the world is consumed as fresh fruit in the
country of origin. This worldwide production has developed since the early 1500s when
pineapple was first taken to Europe and then distributed throughout the world’s tropics.
International trade is dominated by a few multinational companies that have developed the
infrastructure to process and market pineapple. The most famous variety in world trade is
Cayenne Lisse (‘Smooth Cayenne’), which was introduced to Europe from French Guiana.
Many clones of this cultivar are known and a number of other cultivars are only grown
regionally for consumption in the country of production or represent a minor component of
the fresh-fruit export market.
Drought tolerance and the ease of transport of vegetative propagules facilitated the wide
diffusion of pineapples around the world. However, the relatively short shelf-life of fresh
pineapple fruit limited early commercial trade to relatively short transportation routes or a
preserved form of the fruit. The commercial processing of pineapple started in Hawaii at the
end of the 19th century and Hawaii was a world leader in pineapple research and processing
until after the Second World War. The invention and refinement of the automatic peeling and
coring machine by Henry Ginaca in Hawaii, between 1911 and 1919, allowed the develop-
ment of a large-scale economically viable canning industry. This was paralleled by the major
expansion of pineapple production and expanded research on the crop.
This book is the outcome of discussions between the editors over the past 10 years. The
most recent comprehensive book on pineapple was published in French in 1983 and an
English version with minor additions was published in 1987. That book is now out of print.
The need for such a book was also seen as opportune, as many of the individuals involved in
the research associated with the international expansion of pineapple production and mar-
keting were retiring. This book is an attempt to put in one place a synopsis of the worldwide
research findings and commercial practices, mainly for ‘Smooth Cayenne’, but mention is
made of other cultivars where they differ from ‘Smooth Cayenne’ and where published infor-
mation was available.
The book integrates genetics, breeding, physiology, pathology, handling and processing
ix