The Physiological Basis of Metabolic Bone Disease

226 Pages·2014·1.894 MB·English

by  Howard Rasmussen, Philippe Bordier

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Research into metabolic bone disease has made remarkable progress over the Th
last 20 years, with the identification of numerous new molecules and pathways
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regulating bone cells as well as their plasma milieu. Their activities are largely P
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regulated by the physiological status of the body incorporating the biochemical,
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physical and mechanical functions of bone, kidney and intestinal tissues. The i
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Physiological Basis of Metabolic Bone Disease integrates the knowledge derived l
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from molecular techniques with the fundamental principles of the physiology of g
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these organs. c
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The book places particular emphasis on bone cell activities and the regulation a
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of plasma calcium, phosphate homeostasis and whole body nutrition. It reviews i
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the nutritional requirements for calcium and vitamin D for the prevention of o
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osteoporosis. It covers vitamin D, calcium and phosphate absorption; calcium
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sensing receptors; the role of parathyroid hormone; physiological actions of e
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calcitonin; and the diagnosis and significance of osteoporosis. Reviewing the a
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The Physiological Basis of
physiological significance of advances in the molecular biology of metabolic o
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bone disease, this book provides a valuable reference for researchers as well as i
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practicing clinicians. B
Metabolic Bone Disease
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s Edited by
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Paul H. Anderson
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B. E. Christopher Nordin
6000 Broken Sound Parkway, NW
Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487
711 Third Avenue
New York, NY 10017
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2 Park Square, Milton Park
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Th e Physiological Basis of
Metabolic Bone Disease

Th e Physiological Basis of
Metabolic Bone Disease
Edited by
Howard A. Morris
University of South Australia, Adelaide
Paul H. Anderson
University of South Australia, Adelaide
B. E. Christopher Nordin
Royal Adelaide Hospital
Adelaide, South Australia
Boca Raton London New York
CRC Press is an imprint of the
Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2014 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Version Date: 20140404
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4398-9943-4 (eBook - PDF)
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Contents
Preface......................................................................................................................vii
Editors .......................................................................................................................ix
Contributors ..............................................................................................................xi
Chapter 1 Nutritional Requirements for Calcium and Vitamin D ........................1
J. Christopher Gallagher
Chapter 2 Physiology of Vitamin D, Calcium, and Phosphate Absorption ........13
James C. Fleet and Munro Peacock
Chapter 3 Plasma and Extracellular Fluid Calcium Homeostasis in
Relation to Metabolic Bone Disease: Role of Kidneys ......................41
Richard L. Prince
Chapter 4 Calcium Sensing Receptors: Coordinators of Mineral Metabolism
and Therapeutic Targets for Metabolic Bone Disorders ....................67
Arthur D. Conigrave
Chapter 5 Parathyroid Hormone: Its Role in Calcium and Phosphate
Homeostasis......................................................................................103
David Goltzman
Chapter 6 Phosphate Homeostasis and Metabolic Bone Disease .....................137
Farzana Perwad and Anthony A. Portale
Chapter 7 Vitamin D: Activities for Bone Health .............................................167
Howard A. Morris, Paul H. Anderson, and B.E. Christopher Nordin
Chapter 8 Physiological Actions of Calcitonin .................................................187
Rachel A. Davey and David M. Findlay
Chapter 9 Definition, Diagnosis, and Significance of Osteoporosis .................201
B.E. Christopher Nordin and Richard L. Prince
v

Preface
This volume was inspired by a series of books developed under the editorship of
Professor B.E.C. Nordin dating back to 1963. Each book dealt with the physiology
and pathology of aspects of calcium, phosphate, and bone metabolism as well as
renal stone disease. Since the last volume was published in 1993, our knowledge of
genetics and molecular biology and their roles in regulating the systems metaboliz-
ing calcium, phosphate, and bone minerals has undergone a revolution.
This volume aims to integrate this knowledge into the physiological context of
bone and mineral metabolism, particularly in relation to metabolic bone disease,
by bringing together new contributors. We hope that it will be of particular value to
practicing clinicians while also finding a readership in the scientific community. We
are aware of slight overlaps among some of the chapters arising from the authors’
emphases on various physiological contexts of specific systems.
We thank the publishers for their support and attention to detail, especially
Jennifer Ahringer for all her assistance.
H.A. Morris
P.H. Anderson
B.E.C. Nordin
vii