The Pennsylvania ’Chansonnier’: A Critical Edition of Ninety-Five Anonymous Ballades from the Fourteenth Century with Introduction, Notes and Glossary

361 Pages·1972·12.56 MB·English

by  Charles R. Mudge

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72-19,498
MUDGE, Charles R., 1940-
THE PENNSYLVANIA CHANSONNIER: A CRITICAL
EDITION OF NINETY-FIVE ANONYMOUS BALLADES
FROM THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY WITH
INTRODUCTION, NOTES AND GLOSSARY. [Portions
of Text in French}.
Indiana University, Ph.D., 1972
Language and Literature, general
University Microfilms, A XEROX Company, Ann Arbor, Michigan
©Copyright by
Charles R. Mudge
1972
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
THE PENNSYLVANIA CHANSONNIER, A CRITICAL EDITION
OF NINETY-FIVE ANONYMOUS BALLADES
FROM THE FOURTEENTH CENTURY
WITH INTRODUCTION, NOTES
AND GLOSSARY
BY
CHARLES R. MUDGE
Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the degree, Doctor of Philosophy, in the
Department of French and Italian
Indiana University
February, 1972
Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission.
February 15, 1972
We, the undersigned committee for Mr. Charles E. Mudge accept
this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
the Ph.D. degree at Indiana University.
Profes^br Roy E. Leake, Jr. *
Professor Frank G. Santa
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i i
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I should like to express my gratitude to Professor
Samuel N. Rosenberg, the chairman of my doctoral committee,
with whom I have worked these past several years, for his
encouragement and perceptive guidance. His unstinting
generosity with time and counsel has been of Incalculable
service to me. I owe a debt of thanks to Professors Anna
Granville Hatcher and Frank G. Banta who read an early draft
of the dissertation and assisted me through their criticisms
and useful advice. My thanks must also go to Professors
Francis W. Gravit and Roy E. Leake, Jr. who served as
members of my examining committee. I was first encouraged
in this project by Professor Richard F. O'Gorman (now of
the University of Iowa), and to him I am especially indebted,
as well as to Mr. Rudolf Hirsch, Associate Director of
Libraries at the University of Pennsylvania, through whose
good offices the manuscript was made available to me for
this edition. I am also Indebted to Mr. Lyman W. Riley,
former Bibliographer of the Rare Book Collection of The
Charles Patterson Van Pelt Library and now Head of the
Cataloguing Department, and to Mrs. Neda M. Westlake,
Librarian of the Rare Book Division, who supplied me with
microfilm and xerox copies of the manuscript and with notes
on the codex itself which have aided me invaluably in covering
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iii
certain thorny points in my discussion of the manuscript. I
am particularly indebted to Mrs. Westlake for allowing me to
make a thorough examination of the manuscript on the spot.
The courteous, ever-helpful staffs of Olin, Sterling and
Widener libraries were of great service to me in the course
of this work, and to them I am very grateful. Finally, I
wish to express my gratitude to my very good friends,
Professor and Mrs. J. D. Vedvik of Washington, D. C., for
their unfailing confidence and encouragement.
C. R. M.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
I. INTRODUCTION....................................... 1
A. Description of the Manuscript ............ 1
3. Contents of the Manuscript...................3
C. Provenance of the Manuscript..................10
D. The B a l l a d e ................................ 16
1. Historical Considerations ............. 16
2. Formal Types and Themes.................. 24
E. The Language of the Poems.................... 41
1. Spelling and Pronunciation ............ 41
2. G r a m m a r ................................ 43
3. Vocabulary............................. 48
F. Establishment of the Text.................... 54
G. Arrangement of the P o e m s .................... 58
II. THEP O E M S .......................................... 59
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Page
III. APPENDIX....................................... 150
IV,. N O T E S ...........................................155
V. INDEX OF PROPER NAMES............................199
VI. GLOSSARY....................................... 208
VII. LIST OF INCIPITS OF THE PENNSYLVANIAC HANSONNIER . 244
VIII. ALPHABETICAL INDEX OF FIRST LINES OF THE POEMS
OF THIS EDITION...............................345
IX. A SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY........................ 348
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INTRODUCTION
A. Description of the Manuscript
The “Pennsylvania Chansonnier,” as I have labeled this
manuscript,^ dates from the second half of the fourteenth
century, and is in an excellent state of preservation. The
310 poems in this collection are written in several very
similar and legible cursive hands in red and brown ink on
2
101 vellum folios, 30 x 24 cm, in double columns of 36 lines,
carefully ruled by the scribes. Pinholes, as well as most
of the quiring and the catchwords at the ends of the quires,
are visible. Marginal notes to the rubricator remain intact.
The manuscript is bound in modern leather, probably English.
The contents and the appearance of the document itself amply
support the view that a significantly large portion of the
lyrics were copied during the last few years of the fourteenth
century.^ Rertoni has suggested that the manuscript dates
1. In the University of Pennsylvania Rare Book Collection,
it is known as Ms. Fr. 15. The manuscript was purchased in
1954 from Laurence Witten. I have been unable to learn from
whom Witten obtained it.
2. Since foliation repeats fol. 68, there are actually
101 leaves, rather than 100 as indicated in the manuscript.
A final leaf, doubtless blank, was cut away at an early date.
In Indicating folios, I have retained the manuscript foliation.
3. All of the ballades with envoi contained in this manu­
script are found in the last third of the volume, and nine of
them are found among the last forty-three poems, the last
thirteen percent of the manuscript. The addition of the
envoi to the ballade form was an elaboration made by the
non-musician poets of the later fourteenth century, when poetry
was no longer associated with music: a ballade with envoi
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