THE PALGRAVE INTERNATIONAL HANDBOOK OF ALTERNATIVE EDUCATION Edited by Helen E. Lees and Nel Noddings The Palgrave International Handbook of Alternative Education Helen E . Lees • Nel Noddings Editors The Palgrave International Handbook of Alternative Education Editors Helen E. Lees Nel Noddings Newman University Stanford University Birmingham , United Kingdom Stanford , California , US ISBN 978-1-137-41290-4 ISBN 978-1-137-41291-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1057/978-1-137-41291-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2016943540 © Th e Editor(s) (if applicable) and Th e Author(s) 2016 Th e author(s) has/have asserted their right(s) to be identifi ed as the author(s) of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Th is work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifi cally the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfi lms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. Th e use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specifi c statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Th e publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Cover image © YAY Media AS / Alamy Stock Photo Printed on acid-free paper Th is Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature Th e registered company is Macmillan Publishers Ltd. London Contents 1 Introduction & Th is Handbook 1 Nel Noddings and Helen E. Lees Part I Th inking Diff erently 15 2 Th e Mind of the Educator 17 Kris De Meyer 3 An Ordinary Day 31 Philipp Klaus 4 Mother Nature’s Pedagogy: How Children Educate Th emselves 49 Peter Gray 5 Using the Future in Education: Creating Space for Openness, Hope and Novelty 63 Keri Facer 6 Promise and Peril of Neuroscience for Alternative Education 79 Clarence W. Joldersma v vi Contents 7 What Might Have Been: Women’s Traditional Interests 97 Nel Noddings 8 Psychoanalysis and the Challenge of Educational Fantasies 113 Roger Willoughby and Hivren Demir-Atay 9 Great Expectations: Agenda and Authority in Technological, Hidden and Cultural Curriculums 129 Harriet Pattison and Alan Th omas 10 Alternatives to Education? Impotentiality and the Accident: New Bearings in the Ontology of the Present 145 Nick Peim 11 Educational Mutuality 159 Helen E. Lees Part II Doing Diff erently 177 12 Home Education: Practices, Purposes, and Possibilities 179 Robert Kunzman 13 School Ethics with Student Teachers in South Africa: An Innovative Educational Intervention 195 Karin Murris 14 Innovative Experiences in Holistic Education Inspiring a New Movement in Brazil 211 Helena Singer 15 Learning at the Edge of Chaos: Self- Organising Systems in Education 227 Sugata Mitra, Suneeta Kulkarni and James Stanfi eld Contents vii 16 Fostering Alternative Education in Society: Th e Caring Communities of “Children’s Dream Park” and “Free Space En” in Japan 241 Yoshiyuki Nagata 17 Teacher Education: Generator of Change or a Mechanism for Educational Conformity? 257 Ian Menter 18 Philosophy with Children: An Imaginative Democratic Practice 273 Joanna Haynes 19 Forest School: A Model for Learning Holistically and Outdoors 289 Sara Knight 20 Creating Spaces for Autonomy: Th e Architecture of Learning and Th inking in Danish Schools and Universities 305 Max A. Hope and Catherine Montgomery Part III Acting Diff erently 321 21 Exploration and Rethinking: Student-Voice Studies in China 323 Kan,Wei 22 Islamic Education as Asymmetrical Democratic Interaction 339 Khosrow Bagheri Noaparast 23 Is Low-fee Private Schooling in Developing Countries Really an “Alternative”? 355 Clive Harber viii Contents 24 Humanist Schools in the Face of Confl icting Narratives and Social Upheaval: Th e Case of Israel 369 Nimrod Aloni 25 Geographies of Trust: A Politics of Resistance for an Alternative Education 385 John Smyth 26 Alternatives to School Sex Education 401 Michael J. Reiss 27 Critical Animal Pedagogies: Re-learning Our Relations with Animal Others 415 Karin Gunnarsson Dinker and Helena Pedersen 28 Solitude and Spirituality in Schooling: Th e Alternative at the Heart of the School 431 Julian Stern 29 German Kinderlaeden: From Alternative Projects to Professional Pedagogy 447 Robert Hamm 30 Attachment Aware Schools: An Alternative to Behaviourism in Supporting Children’s Behaviour? 463 Richard Parker, Janet Rose and Louise Gilbert Index 485 Contributors Nimrod Aloni works in the area of philosophy of education at Kibbutzim College of Education, Tel Aviv, Israel. He is the head of Th e Institute for Progressive Education and holds Th e UNESCO Chair in Humanistic Education. In Th e Jerusalem Center for Ethics, he is the director of the division of Ethics and Education. Aloni has pub- lished the book Enhancing Humanity (Springer, 2007) and many other books and articles on humanistic education and dialogic pedagogy. He is also a member of the editorial board of the book series, by Sense Publishers, Moral Development and Citizenship Education . Khosrow B agheri Noaparast is Professor of Philosophy of Education, University of Tehran. He holds a PhD from New South Wales University in 1995. He has taught an Islamic education course for more than 20 years in diff erent universities of Iran. His book on Islamic education in Persian has passed the 40th edition and is now translated into English (2001), Bosnian (2009), and Arabic (2015). He has published a number of peer-reviewed articles on Islamic education and is a member of various editorial boards including the Encyclopaedia of Educational Philosophy and Th eory. Kris De Meyer is visiting research fellow in neuroscience at King’s College London, UK. He explores how the mind sciences contribute to understanding why scientifi c or scholarly knowledge can give rise to controversy and confl ict between people or groups in society. He was lead author of a UCL policy report on climate science com- munication, Time for Change: Climate Science Reconsidered, writing a chapter on neu- roscience and psychology relevant to the public debate on climate change. He co-produced Right Between Your Ears, a documentary released in 2015 about how people can come to believe that they are right, even when they are completely wrong. Hivren Demir Atay i s Assistant Professor in Comparative Literature at Mersin University, Turkey, and holds a PhD in Comparative Literature from the State University of New York, Binghamton. Her dissertation explored the transformative ix