Table Of Content

The Palgrave Handbook of Populism Edited by Michael Oswald The Palgrave Handbook of Populism Michael Oswald Editor The Palgrave Handbook of Populism Editor Michael Oswald Political Science University of Passau Passau, Bayern, Germany ISBN 978-3-030-80802-0 ISBN 978-3-030-80803-7 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-80803-7 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2022 Thisworkissubjecttocopyright.AllrightsaresolelyandexclusivelylicensedbythePublisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodologynowknownorhereafterdeveloped. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformationin this book are believed to be true and accurateat the date of publication. Neither the publisher northeauthorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressedorimplied,withrespecttothematerial containedhereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.Thepublisherremains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: Agata Gładykowska/Alamy Stock Photo This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland Preface Handbooks are intended to give a systematic overview of a subject and its mostimportantsub-areas.Thisvolumeisnotintendedtocompetewithother handbooks dealing with populism already on the market—there are excellent handbooks.And,althoughthishandbookisastand-alonepublication,itsvalue lies in how far it extends the discussions on important topics that are either not covered in other volumes or not adequately represented. Of particular note here are the highly important topics such as ‘Populism & Gender’ or ‘The Psychology of Populism’. This handbook offers insight into some of the most potent and relevant dimensions of populism’s expressions and thereby extending our understanding and appreciation of the concept’s significance within our contemporary political world. Manythanksgoouttonotonlythemanyauthorsofthisvolumewhohave laboredsodiligentlyandtenaciouslytodrawoutthemanyaspectsandimplica- tionsofpopulismandhavesoughttoenlightenusaboutthelessthanobvious hues and tomes of one of social science’s most compelling and demanding subjects, but to those research assistants as well who have so generously and selflessly devoted their time and dedication to this project’s progress and completion, without whom this volume would not have been possible. First and foremost, among those are Elena Broda and Mario Schäfer who assisted with editing and the essential task of careful and diligent communication with thevolume’sauthors.Icouldnothavedoneitwithoutyou!Also,manythanks to my wife Valentina, and above all to my children, Ava and Levi. Passau, Germany Dr. Michael Oswald March 2021 v Contents Part I Populism–Introduction to & Some Reflections on the Concept 1 The New Age of Populism: Reapproaching a Diffuse Concept 3 Michael Oswald, Mario Schäfer, and Elena Broda Part II Theoretical Critique 2 The Past and Present of American Populism 31 Anton Jäger 3 Populism Is Hegemony Is Politics? Ernesto Laclau’s Theory of Populism 49 Benjamin Arditi 4 “An Antipodean Populism? Winston Peters, New Zealand First, and the Problems of Misclassification” 69 David B. MacDonald 5 A Critique of Left-Wing Populism: Critical Materialist and Social-Psychological Perspectives 85 Helge Petersen and Hannah Hecker Part III The Political Psychology of Populism & its Affective Underpinnings 6 The Psychology of Populism 103 Darren G. Lilleker and Nathalie Weidhase 7 Emotional Mobilization: The Affective Underpinnings of Right-Wing Populist Party Support 115 Hans-Georg Betz and Michael Oswald vii viii CONTENTS 8 From Specific Worries to Generalized Anger: The Emotional Dynamics of Right-Wing Political Populism 145 Christoph Giang Nguyen, Mikko Salmela, and Christian von Scheve Part IV Authoritarian Populism & Fascism 9 Fascism and Populism 163 Carlos de la Torre 10 Populism and Authoritarianism 177 Gabriella Gricius 11 Authoritarian Populism and Collective Memory Manipulation 195 Rafał Riedel 12 The (Almost) Forgotten Elitist Sources of Right-Wing Populism Kaltenbrunner, Höcke and the Distaste for the Masses 213 Phillip Becher Part V Economic Populism, Inequality & Crises 13 Populism and the Economics of Antitrust 227 Aurelien Portuese 14 The Red Herring of Economic Populism 245 Paris Aslanidis 15 Populist Mobilization in the United States: Adding Political Economy to Cultural Explanations 263 Christian Lammert and Boris Vormann Part VI Populism & Gender 16 Right-Wing Populism and Gender 277 Gabriele Dietze 17 ‘The Gendered Politics of Right-Wing Populism and Instersectional Feminist Contestations’ 291 Julia Roth 18 Popular Sovereignty and (Non)recognition in Venezuela: On the Coming into Political Being of ‘el Pueblo’ 303 Sara C. Motta and Ybiskay Gonzalez Torres CONTENTS ix Part VII New Populisms and Cleavages 19 Environmental Populism 321 Aron Buzogány and Christoph Mohamad-Klotzbach 20 Medical Populism 341 Gideon Lasco 21 Global Populism 351 Daniel F. Wajner 22 Populism and the Cosmopolitan–Communitarian Divide 369 Frank Decker 23 Populism and the Recasting of the Ideological Landscape of Liberal Democracies 379 Albena Azmanova Part VIII Populism Discourses 24 Meaning Matters: The Political Language of Islamic Populism 389 Inaya Rakhmani and Vedi Hadiz 25 Populism, Anti-populism and Post-truth 407 Antonis Galanopoulos and Yannis Stavrakakis 26 Experience Narratives and Populist Rhetoric in U.S. House Primaries 421 Mike Cowburn 27 The Framing of Right-Wing Populism: Intricacies of ‘Populist’ Narratives, Emotions, and Resonance 437 Julia Leser and Rebecca Pates 28 Populism and Collective Memory 451 Luca Manucci Part IX Populists in Office 29 Populism in Southeast Asia 471 Paul D. Kenny 30 Populism in Africa and the Anti-Corruption Trope in Nigeria’s Politics 485 Sylvester Odion Akhaine 31 PopulisminSouthernAfricaUnderLiberationMovements as Governments: The Cases of Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe 497 Henning Melber x CONTENTS 32 Venezuela: The Institutionalization of Authoritarian Populism 511 Thomas Kestler and Miguel Latouche 33 Populist Neo-Imperialism: A New Take on Populist Foreign Policy 527 Ole Frahm and Dirk Lehmkuhl Part X Strategic Populism & Societal Support 34 Populism as an Implementation of National Biopolitics: The Case of Poland 545 Szymon Wróbel 35 Understanding the Support of Right-Wing Populist Positions Within Unsuspected Groups: The Case of Professional Social Workers in Italy 563 Luca Fazzi and Urban Nothdurfter 36 Clarifying Our Populist Moment(s): Right-Wing and Left-Wing Populism in the 2016 Presidential Election 579 Edward G. Carmines, Eric R. Schmidt, and Matthew R. Fowler Part XI Consequences of Populism & Anti-Populist Discourse 37 New Parties, Populism, and Parliamentary Polarization: Evidence from Plenary Debates in the German Bundestag 611 Marcel Lewandowsky, Julia Schwanholz, Christoph Leonhardt, and Andreas Blätte 38 The Enemy in My House: How Right-Wing Populism Radicalized the Debate About Citizenship in France 629 Elena Dück and Sebastian Glassner 39 Can Right-Wing Populist Parties Solve the “Democratic Dilemma”? 649 Martin Althoff 40 Searching for the Philosopher’s Stone: Counterstrategies Against Populism 665 Mario Schäfer and Florian Hartleb Index 687 Notes on Contributors Sylvester Odion Akhaine is a Professor of Political Science at the Depart- ment of Political Science, Lagos State University, Nigeria. Martin Althoff Dipl.-Soz.-Wiss. Martin Althoff studied political science at the University of Duisburg-Essen from 2005 to 2012. After graduation, he worked from 2013 to 2017 as a research assistant at the Institute for Polit- ical Science at the University of Münster. Since 2017 he has been working as a Lecturer and research assistant at the NSI-University of Applied Sciences in Hannover. He is currently working on his Ph.D. thesis, researches and publishes on the subject of political participation and works primarily with quantitative methods. Benjamin Arditi is a Professor of Politics at UNAM, the National Univer- sity of Mexico. He is the author of Politics on the edges of liberalism: differ- ence, populism, revolution, emancipation (Edinburgh University Press, 2007, 2008;SpanishtranslationinGedisa2010,2014,2017).Heco-editsthebook series Taking on the Political published by Edinburgh University Press. His researchfocusesonnetworkedpoliticalinsurgencies,populismandilliberaland postliberal politics. Paris Aslanidis is a Lecturer of Political Science at Yale University, Depart- ment of Political Science and Hellenic Studies Program, MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies. His work focuses on populism from the perspectives of party politics, social mobilization and intellectual history. He has published with Political Studies, Democratization, Sociological Forum, Mobilization, Quality & Quantity, among other journals, and his chapter on ‘PopulismandSocialMovements’appearsintheOxfordHandbookofPopulism. Albena Azmanova isanAssociateProfessorofPoliticalTheoryattheUniver- sity of Kent’s Brussels School of International Studies. Her research spans justiceandjudgment,democratictheoryandsocialtransformationandcritique xi