The Palestinian People The Palestinian People ❖ A HISTORY Baruch Kimmerling Joel S. Migdal HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge,Massachusetts London,England 2003 Copyright©1994,2003byBaruchKimmerlingandJoelS.Migdal Allrightsreserved PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica Anearlierversionofthisbookwaspublishedin1994as Palestinians:TheMakingofaPeople Cataloging-in-PublicationdataavailablefromtheLibraryofCongress ISBN0-674-01131-7(cloth) ISBN0-674-01129-5(paper) TothePalestiniansandIsraelis workingandhopingfora mutuallyacceptable,negotiatedsettlement totheircentury-longconflict CONTENTS Maps ix Preface xi Acknowledgments xxi NoteonTransliteration xxiii Introduction xxv Part One FROM REVOLT TO REVOLT: THE ENCOUNTER WITH THE EUROPEAN WORLD AND ZIONISM 1. TheRevoltof1834andtheMakingof ModernPalestine 3 2. TheCity:BetweenNablusandJaffa 38 3. Jerusalem:NotablesandNationalism 67 4. TheArabRevolt,1936–1939 102 vii Contents Part Two DISPERSAL 5. TheMeaningofDisaster 135 Part Three RECONSTITUTING THE PALESTINIAN NATION 6. OddManOut:ArabsinIsrael 169 7. Dispersal,1948–1967 214 8. TheFeday:RebirthandResistance 240 9. SteeringaPathunderOccupation 274 Part Four ABORTIVE RECONCILIATION 10. TheOsloProcess:WhatWentRight? 315 11. TheOsloProcess:WhatWentWrong? 355 Conclusion 398 ChronologicalListofMajorEvents 419 Notes 457 Index 547 viii MAPS 1. PalestineunderOttomanRule 39 2. TwoPartitionsofPalestine(1921,1949) 148 3. UnitedNationsRecommendationfor Two-StatesSolutioninPalestine(1947) 149 4. TheExodusofthePalestinians(1948) 159 5. ARefugeeCampSociety (theMajorPalestinianRefugeeCamps,1948–1991) 160 6. IsraelandOccupiedTerritoriesoftheWestBank andGazaStrip 242 ix